IHS ESDU Datasheets for Standards and Technical Documents
Standards and technical documents includes standards, codes, regulation, handbooks, manuals, comprehensive guides and other formal publications. Standards, codes, and regulation establish uniform specifications, procedures or technical criteria.
Standards and Technical Documents: Learn more
| Product Name | Notes |
|---|---|
| A complete theory to describe the response of aircraft structures to acoustic loads has been developed by Powell but because of its complexity it cannot readily be used for design. | |
| A computerized method for estimating exhaust noise spectra from a database is provided. The variables considered in the interpolation/extrap olation routine make the procedure particularly applicable to estimating noise from... | |
| A design curve is presented that gives non-dimensionalised shear and compressive stress ratios. The curve applies to flat plates having four types of edge restraint namely (i) ends and sides... | |
| A method is provided for the prediction of the total attenuation of sound due to a sharp-edged barrier positioned between the source and the observer. The major attenuation is that... | |
| A number of parameters are commonly used to denote engine intake performance and ESDU 66028 presents graphs to facilitate conversion from one to another. Quantities considered are adiabatic efficiency, ram... | |
| A scheme was formulated by Firmin that iterates between successive approximations to the boundary-layer flow, the aerofoil pressure distribution (calculated in inviscid flow for the aerofoil-plus-displa cement surface) and their... | |
| A very high proportion of recorded failures in service of engineering components and structures are the result of fatigue. ESDU 71009 summarises some general design principles that should be observed... | |
| An analysis of l300 laboratory tests on axially loaded screwed fasteners has been made. Data on the tensile and stripping strengths of such fasteners are presented in terms of the... | |
| An empirical model is defined that describes the decelerating forces acting on aircraft type tyres when rolling or braking on hard surfaces typical of runways and taxiways. The model is... | |
| Bolotin's method is described for the estimation of modal densities of curved isotropic, panels with cylindrical, spherical or doubly-curved profiles. The modal densities of isotropic cylinders and spheres are also... | |
| Charts are presented for estimating drag-rise Mach number as a function of lift coefficient and thickness/chord ratio for a family of aerofoils characterised in viscous flow by a particular form... | |
| Constant amplitude axially loaded fatigue test data for about 160 solid steel bolts and studs with nominal thread diameter equal to or greater than 1.5 in (38 mm) are presented... | |
| Curves are given that enable the centre and edge elastic stresses and maximum deflection to be determined for initially flat rectangular plates of uniform thickness under pressure which is constant... | |
| Curves are given that enable the centre and edge elastic stresses and maximum deflection to be determined for long rectangular plates having initial curvature across the width when subjected to... | |
| Curves are given that enable the elastic stresses (at the centre, on the edges and on the diagonals) and maximum deflections to be determined for initially flat square plates of... | |
| Curves are given that enable the maximum circumferential elastic stress in a pressurised pipe that is initially non-circular to be determined. The curves are applicable to long straight unrestrained pipes... | |
| Curves are given that enable the maximum circumferential elastic stress in a pressurised pipe with an eccentric bore to be determined. The curves are applicable to long straight unrestrained pipes... | |
| Curves are given that enable the maximum tensile and compressive elastic stresses due to uniform pressure to be determined for an unpierced torispherical head closure to a cylindrical shell of... | |
| Curves are given which enable the elastic stresses (at the centre, on the edges and on the diagonals) and maximum deflections to be determined for initially flat rectangular plates of... | |
| Damping in structures is due to internal friction in the material (material damping), radiation of sound as the structure vibrates, friction between joints, local motion of the surrounding fluid caused... | |
| Damping of real structures, such as panels, can be caused by different mechanisms of energy dissipation. Sound radiation from a vibrating, elastic body is a loss of energy and represents... | |
| Data are given for stresses under local loading applied remote from the panel edges. The panels have identical isotropic face plates and a core with equal shear stiffness in all... | |
| Data are provided on the heating effect of the sun at any position within the Earth's atmosphere. No provision is made, however, for cloud cover or reflected irradiance. The spectrum... | |
| Data are provided so that a strut of least weight whose cross-section is an I, a square tube or a circular tube may be designed. The data are presented in... | |
| Data Item No. 02016 provides both static and dynamic fracture toughness data for over 150 specifications of cast iron in the grey, chilled, white, malleable, ductile and compacted graphite forms. | |
| Data Item No. 04007 presents a semi-empirical estimation method for normal force and pitching moment of forebody-cylinder combinations whose cross-sections are either a square or an equilateral triangle, without corner... | |
| Definitions are given of the terms used in acoustic fatigue analysis. Terms considered are those associated with acoustic loading, structural response and fatigue. | |
| Details are given of a series of aerofoils that have been used for parametric studies of drag-rise Mach number, of profile drag at the drag-rise Mach number and for a... | |
| ESDU 00002 describes how vibrating plates radiate sound power by setting the surrounding fluid in motion, and it allows the estimation of the sound power radiated from an isotropic plate... | |
| ESDU 00006 develops a method for predicting the drag where the cavity length is large compared to the depth and the shear flow enters the cavity and attaches to the... | |
| ESDU 00007 develops an empirical method for predicting the drag where the cavity length is small compared to its depth and the shear flow bridges the gap between the front... | |
| ESDU 00012 introduces a computerized method for estimating the sound power attenuation of absorbent linings in constant section straight circular ducts with axial flow. The method is based on a... | |
| ESDU 00013 describes the installation details, hardware requirements and configuration details for OSCAM, a general-purpose cam mechanism design program. The configuration details of associated printers and plotters are also provided. | |
| ESDU 00014 provides a user manual for OSCAM, a design program that can model plane cam mechanisms composed of cams driving translating or swinging followers, with closure maintained by helical... | |
| ESDU 00015 provides details of a computer program (ESDUpac A0015) for analysing a disc cam/follower system. The following tribological aspects of the contact between the cam and follower can be... | |
| ESDU 00016 is a practical guide to the current state of knowledge relating to fouling in crude oil preheat trains. It will be useful to crude oil refinery operators and... | |
| ESDU 00017 presents a semi-empirical graphical method for estimating boat-tail drag at zero angle of attack. A correlation of experimental data showed that the base pressure ratio (that is the... | |
| ESDU 00018 is the third of a series of examples of the application of a method for representing - and, if necessary, relating - the braking performances of aircraft and... | |
| ESDU 00019 presents values of thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, specific heat capacity and Prandtl number of the vapours of oxygenated hydrocarbons at or below atmospheric pressure. The data for thermal... | |
| ESDU 00021 contains liquid thermal conductivity data for seventeen primary nitriles, three alkenonitriles and four dinitriles. Experimental results drawn from the literature for each pure compound were fitted with a... | |
| ESDU 00022 illustrates the use of constrained multivariate optimisation techniques in the minimisation of drag by the use of leading- and trailing-edge flap deflections, at a single design point (Mach... | |
| ESDU 00023 presents examples of the application of constrained multivariate optimisation techniques in inviscid flow. The constrained multivariate optimisation technique for the design of aerofoil sections, CODAS, has two inviscid... | |
| ESDU 00024 introduces a computerised method for estimating the sound power attenuation of absorbent linings in constant section straight rectangular ducts with axial flow. The method is based on a... | |
| ESDU 00025 describes the construction of input files for the FORTRAN program ESDUpac A0025, which combines and extends the prediction methods of twenty five individual ESDU documents to evaluate the... | |
| ESDU 00026 presents a semi-empirical graphical method for estimating the pressure drag coefficient of boat-tails with length/maximum diameter ratio up to 2.5 at zero angle of attack for Mach numbers... | |
| ESDU 00027 provides simple equations and graphs for predicting the minimum profile drag coefficient for an aerofoil with fixed transition position on both the upper and lower surfaces. The method... | |
| ESDU 00028 presents a graphical method for estimating the pressure and Mach number distributions on boat-tails with length/maximum diameter ratio up to 5 at zero angle of attack for Mach... | |
| ESDU 00029 predicts for aerofoils the centre of lift position based on thin-aerofoil theory with empirical correction. This is combined with thepredicted increment in aerofoil lift coefficient from ESDU 94027... | |
| ESDU 00050 gives data for eleven aromatic amines, four aromatic nitrocompounds and six aromatic nitriles or isocyanides. Experimental results drawn from the literature for each compound were fitted with a... | |
| ESDU 00051 presents values of thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, specific heat capacity and Prandtl number of gaseous hydrocarbons: alkenes, alkadienes, alkynes, cycloalkanes and aromatics at or below atmospheric pressure. The... | |
| ESDU 00052 presents values of thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, specific heat capacity and Prandtl number of the vapours of aliphatic esters at or below atmospheric pressure. The experimental data for... | |
| ESDU 00053 tabulates the viscosity of 43 aromatic compounds containing nitrogen, including 21 amines, 4 alkoxyamines, 3 chloroamines, phenylhydrazine, 5 nitriles, 1 isocyanate, 1 isothiocyanate, 6 nitroaromatics and 1 chloroisocyanate,... | |
| ESDU 01001 introduces Fortran programs (ESDUpacs A0101 and B0101) for calculating the initial elasto-plastic buckling (local, flexural, torsional or torsional-flexural) loads for flat rectangular panels and struts using the finite... | |
| ESDU 01002 will assist users of the wide range of ESDU documents on the design of cam mechanisms to employ them to best advantage. It provides a brief outline of... | |
| ESDU 01005 provides a means of predicting the type of pitch-break likely to be encountered for a given wing planform shape at low speeds. The method has been developed for... | |
| ESDU 01007 gives factors for the determination of the theoretical trailing vortex drag of straight-tapered or cranked wings, with or without camber and twist and with part-span trailing-edge plain flaps. | |
| ESDU 01009 provides a method for predicting the local condensate film coefficient for the downflow of a pure vapour or azeotropic mixture over horizontal integral low-fin tubes and tube bundles,... | |
| ESDU 01010 describes the loading characteristics of a rigid aeroplane during steady lateral manoeuvres which include a steady horizontal turn, steady horizontal straight motion with an engine out and steady... | |
| ESDU 01011 presents families of curve shapes and algebraic functions as an aid to the effective representation of experimental, numerical and graphical data by the selection of suitable such functions. | |
| ESDU 01012 provides an empirical graphical method for boat-tail pressure drag at zero angle of attack and for jet pressure ratios of 1.5 to 4 derived from a correlation of... | |
| ESDU 01013 predicts for aerofoils the centre of lift position based on thin-aerofoil theory with empirical correction. This is combined with the predicted increment in aerofoil lift coefficient from other... | |
| ESDU 01014 is one of a group of Data Items on the prediction of pressure drop in two-phase gas-liquid mixtures in piping systems. It provides the engineer with techniques for... | |
| ESDU 01015 introduces computer programs for a theoretical method for the prediction of the axisymmetric far-field sound radiation pattern resulting from the radiating end of an unflanged, hard-walled circular section... | |
| ESDU 01024 presents an example of the application of constrained multivariate optimisation techniques illustrating the use of mixed Computational Fluid Dynamics options in a dual design point study. To demonstrate... | |
| ESDU 01025 presents examples of the application of the constrained multivariate optimisation technique CODAS to the inverse design of aerofoil sections, that is to determine the shape of aerofoil that... | |
| ESDU 01033 is the sixth in a sequence to accompany the VGK method for two-dimensional aerofoil sections. VGK is a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) method coded in Fortran for predicting... | |
| ESDU 02001 tabulates the viscosity of 18 aliphatic nitriles at saturation pressure, for temperatures from just above the melting point to approximately 0.9 of the critical temperature. The 18 nitriles... | |
| ESDU 02002 contains liquid thermal conductivity data for eleven aromatic alcohols, three aromatic chlorophenols, three aromatic ethers, twelve aromatic esters, benzaldehyde and acetophenone. Experimental results drawn from the literature for... | |
| ESDU 02003 presents values of thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, specific heat capacity and Prandtl number of the vapours of 26 halogenated methanes in the dilute or ideal gas. The data... | |
| ESDU 02004 presents values of thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, specific heat capacity and Prandtl number of the vapours of 36 halogenated ethanes in the dilute or ideal gas. The data... | |
| ESDU 02005 introduces a Fortran program, ESDUpac A0205, for the analysis of a flat, stiffened panel forming the web of a beam under a bending moment and shear load, the... | |
| ESDU 02006 is one of a series on temperature measurement. Its purpose is to review the general techniques available for measuring temperature and to consider specific instruments for particular applications. | |
| ESDU 02007 provides a User Manual for an interactive Windows program, Amops, for calculating the area and moments of area of planar shapes. The program determines the total area of... | |
| ESDU 02008 introduces and illustrates the time-averaged flow patterns forrectangular planform cavities mounted in a flat plate with a uniform external flow and a turbulent boundary layer, with some reference... | |
| ESDU 02009 provides methods for the estimation of averaged radiation efficiencies of orthotropic, rectangular plates which are simply supported at all edges and surrounded by an infinite baffle. Isotropic plates... | |
| ESDU 02010 provides validation for the approximate method used in Part I of Sound Radiation from Orthotropic Rectangular Plates, ESDU 02009. Averaged sound radiation efficiencies obtained by the approximate method... | |
| ESDU 02012 provides, for a body at zero angle of attack, an empirical graphical method derived from a correlation of wind-tunnel data for the increments in base and boat-tail pressure... | |
| ESDU 02020 is an overview of the various sources of noise from aeroplanes and helicopters and includes consideration of the propagation of that noise outside and inside the vehicle together... | |
| ESDU 03001 accompanies ESDUpac A0301 which provides a Fortran computer program that calculates initial compressive buckling loads for long flat stiffened rectangular panels and struts made of composite materials. The... | |
| ESDU 03004 is a practical guide to the current state of knowledge relating to fouling in cooling systems using seawater. Developed under the guidance of the Oil Industry Fouling Working... | |
| ESDU 03005 provides a User Manual for an interactive Windows program, Amops, for calculating the section constants of planar shapes. The program determines the total area of the shape, the... | |
| ESDU 03006 provides an empirically developed graphical method for predicting the pressure recovery (in terms of ram ratio) and drag of auxiliary flush inlets with rectangular planforms. The ram ratio... | |
| ESDU 03007 tabulates the viscosity of 16 aromatic alcohols, 3 chlorophenols, 12 aromatic ethers, 6 aromatic aldehydes or ketones and 17 aromatic esters at saturation pressure, for temperatures from below... | |
| ESDU 03008 presents values of thermal conductivity, viscosity, isobaric specific heat capacity and Prandtl numbers of the vapours of 17 halogenated propanes, butanes, ethylenes and benzenes in the dilute or... | |
| ESDU 03010 describes a means of constructing timing diagrams which are a sequence of simple graphs drawn to a common time base used to evaluate and define the operation of... | |
| ESDU 03011 introduces lateral static aeroelasticity in which the effects of structural deformation on lateral stability, controllability and loading in steady lateral manoeuvres are considered. The effect of deformations are... | |
| ESDU 03012 provides background to and guidance on the use of a computer program for calculation of mean-value properties for ducted flows. Use of mean values is necessary when variation... | |
| ESDU 03013 introduces a Fortran 77 program (ESDUpac A0313). The program calculates efficient flange and web thicknesses for a composite I-section beam to withstand up to 10 user-specified combinations of... | |
| ESDU 03017 provides an empirical method for predicting the non-linear pitching-moment curve for wings with leading-edge devices and/or trailing-edge flaps deployed symmetrically at low speeds.The method has been validated for... | |
| ESDU 04005 is one of a group on the flow characteristics of non-Newtonian fluids. It contains a practical worked example that illustrates how to obtain, using a laboratory-scale tube viscometer,... | |
| ESDU 04006 is one of a group of Data Items on the prediction of pressure drop in two-phase gas-liquid mixtures in piping systems. It provides techniques for the assessment of... | |
| ESDU 04011 can be used to predict sound attenuation in a turbulent atmosphere with wind and temperature gradients. A Fast Field Program is implemented to perform the prediction. The Item... | |
| ESDU 04019 presents endurance data for high-strength steels. The results of more than 10 000 constant-amplitude fatigue tests, on plain and notched specimens subjected to rotating-bending, plain-bending and axial loading,... | |
| ESDU 04022 introduces the basic equations of low-cycle fatigue analysis, and some of the limitations of their usage. Both the strain-life relationship (otherwise known as the Coffin-Manson equation) and the... | |
| ESDU 04024 presents an introduction to rigid aeroplane response to gusts and atmospheric turbulence, together with the design criteria required to satisfy airworthiness requirements for both types of disturbance. The... | |
| ESDU 05003 presents graphs which provide the direct and shear forces, moment and shear flow in circular frames arising from uniform floor loading. The figures give the loads in the... | |
| ESDU 05004 presents graphs which provide the direct force, shear force and moments in circular frames arising from hydrostatic pressure. The level of the fluid giving rise to the pressure... | |
| ESDU 05007 presents strain-life data for type 316 austenitic stainless steels, including the low carbon and high nitrogen variants. The results of more than 300 tests performed at temperatures between... | |
| ESDU 05008 presents stress-response data and cyclic stress-strain data for austenitic type 316 stainless steels at temperatures between -269 and 800°C (-452 and 1472°F). The results of tests carried out... | |
| ESDU 05010 contains liquid thermal conductivity data for twelve cycloalkanes, six cycloalkenes, four cycloalkanols, four cycloalkanones and four cycloalkylamines. Experimental results drawn from the literature for each pure compound were... | |
| ESDU 05020 contains liquid thermal conductivity data for twenty four straight chain and fifty eight branched chain alkanes. Experimental results drawn from the literature for each pure compound were fitted... | |
| ESDU 05021 contains liquid thermal conductivity data for twenty nine straight chain and thirty two branched chain alkenes, fifteen alkadienes and one alkatriene. Experimental results drawn from the literature for... | |
| ESDU 05022 gives an introduction to the principles of dynamic similarity and its application to wind-tunnel testing, with particular reference to the testing of transport configurations in the transonic speed... | |
| ESDU 06001 provides simple equations and graphs for predicting the skin friction drag coefficient for symmetrical and cambered aerofoil sections with smooth surfaces and attached flow, in the presence of... | |
| ESDU 06002 provides guidance on the selection of cam laws suitable for Dwell-Rise-Fall-Dwel l (DRFD) and Dwell-Fall-Rise-Dwel l (DFRD) output motions having equal rise and fall periods, including ones having... | |
| ESDU 06003 provides guidance on the selection of cam laws suitable for Dwell-Rise-Fall-Dwel l (DRFD) and Dwell-Fall-Rise-Dwel l (DFRD) output motions having unequal rise and fall periods, including those having... | |
| ESDU 06004 contains examples illustrating the application of Dwell-Rise-Fall- Dwell (DRFD) and Dwell-Fall-Rise-Dwel l (DFRD) cam motions, including blended motions and those having a constant velocity component interposed between components... | |
| ESDU 06005 provides guidance on the use of computer programs, W0605 and A0605, to aid the selection of cam laws suitable for symmetric Dwell-Rise-Fall-Dwel l (DRFD) follower motions, i.e. those... | |
| ESDU 06006 tabulates the viscosity of 20 straight chain alkan-1-ols, 6 straight chain alkan-2-ols, 3 straight chain alkan-3-ols, 8 branched chain alkanols, 9 straight chain alkanediols, 2 branched chain alkanediols,... | |
| ESDU 06007 tabulates the viscosity of 18 monoalkyl glycol ethers and 13 dialkyl glycol ethers at saturation pressure, for temperatures from just above the melting point to approximately 0.9 of... | |
| ESDU 06008 tabulates the viscosity of 52 branched-chain-alkyl alkanoates, 16 alkyl methylalkanoates and 6 branched-chain-alkyl methylalkanoates at saturation pressure, for temperatures from just above the melting point to approximately 0.9... | |
| ESDU 06009 is the first in a series of Items devoted to fatigue damage under random loading. Introductory concepts associated with acoustic fatigue and with stationary, Gaussian random processes are... | |
| ESDU 06010 is the second in a series of Items devoted to fatigue damage under random loading and is concerned with the estimation of fatigue life from stress histories in... | |
| ESDU 06011 is the third in a series of Items devoted to fatigue damage under random loading. This Item considers spectral methods for the estimation of fatigue life. It is... | |
| ESDU 06013 relates the forces acting on a propeller to the characteristics of the far (fully-developed) wake, both for the axial case and a propeller at incidence or sideslip. Compatibility... | |
| ESDU 06014 provides the increment in the zero-lift drag coefficient of a wing due to the deployment of plain trailing-edge flaps. The increment is to be used within the prediction... | |
| ESDU 06018 is one of a series of Data Items concerned with temperature measurement and provides background information and practical guidance on designing temperature measuring systems using thermocouples. The nominal... | |
| ESDU 06019 is one of a series of Data Items concerned with temperature measurement and describes the various resistance techniques that are available for temperature measurement (including thermistors) and their... | |
| ESDU 06020 describes ESDUpac A0620 which determines aerofoil lift-curve slope, zero-lift incidence and pitching moment, aerodynamic centre and drag polar minimum, at subcritical speeds by using the methods of ESDU... | |
| ESDU 06021 provides data for use in determining the load to cause failure by rupture or maximum permissible permanent deformation of parallel-sided and tapered lugs under in-plane transverse loading. The... | |
| ESDU 06024 is the first in a series that deal with the dynamic characteristics of cylindrical helical springs, comprising both tension/compression and torsion springs. The assumptions and limitations that apply... | |
| ESDU 07001 provides a means of estimating the reduction in noise levels through a fuselage wall with or without cabin wall trim. The prediction method is based on the power... | |
| ESDU 07003 presents a semi-empirical investigation of the viscous drag coefficient of wing geometries in the absence of a body. The effects of cranks, section geometry and spanwise variations of... | |
| ESDU 07005 presents a semi-empirical means of estimation for normal force and pitching moment coefficient of forebody-cylinder combinations whose cross-sections are square with corner rounding; the cross-sectional shape being maintained... | |
| ESDU 07010 outlines procedures used in transonic wind-tunnel testing to facilitate the extrapolation of wind-tunnel data to full-scale Reynolds number."Aft fixing" (in which transition is artificially imposed downstream of the... | |
| ESDU 07012 is concerned with the damage-tolerance approach to the design against fatigue and the application of crack propagation models to the estimation of fatigue life of structures. The concept... | |
| ESDU 08002 is a practical User Guide to the occurrence, mitigation and removal of fouling in fresh water systems and on the design of such systems to minimize the consequences... | |
| ESDU 08003 introduces the treatment of risk within the context of the performance of commercial air transport. The concept of risk is introduced in relation to what is considered safe... | |
| ESDU 08004 is an example of risk analysis applied to a climb-gradient performance requirement as specified by the Certification Standards. The example considers whether the specified margin in climb performance... | |
| ESDU 08005 is an example of risk analysis applied the landing distance of an aircraft. The example uses a set of in-service landing distance measurements to compare with the available... | |
| ESDU 08006 is one of a series of examples concerned with the treatment of risk within the context of the performance of commercial air transport. This example should be read... | |
| ESDU 08007 provides a method to calculate the minimum load to cause either failure by rupture or maximum permissible deformation of parallel-sided and tapered lugs with round or square ends... | |
| ESDU 08010 provides an example of the application of similarity methods to assist in the correlation of in-flight measurements of aircraft drag coefficient. Similarity rules are used to identify the... | |
| ESDU 08012 provides information on the use of passive devices for acoustic suppression in rectangular planform cavities. The very wide range of passive devices employed in both wind-tunnel and flight... | |
| ESDU 08013 provides an empirical method for predicting the wing profile drag coefficient increment due to the deployment of a single slotted flap. The estimate is intended for use within... | |
| ESDU 08014 provides guidance for the development of water pond test programmes, which are performed primarily to ensure that any ingestion of contaminant by the engine intakes of an aeroplane... | |
| ESDU 08015 is the second in a series that deals with the dynamic characteristics of tension/compression springs of cylindrical helical form. The Data Item presents spring axial vibration, both free... | |
| ESDU 09003 is the third in a series that deals with the dynamic characteristics of tension/compression springs of cylindrical helical form. The present Item extends the scope of the earlier... | |
| ESDU 09012 is intended to provide an introduction to the aerodynamics of parachutes for aeronautical engineers or students with little or no previous knowledge of parachute aerodynamics or design. The... | |
| ESDU 09013 provides a method of calculating the initial buckling stress of a flat isosceles triangular plate of uniform thickness subjected to uniform compression along the base reacted by compression... | |
| ESDU 09014, which supersedes ESDU 69020, presents data on stress concentrations that occur in flat bars or strips when they are loaded in tension or bending. The various geometries for... | |
| ESDU 09015 illustrates the procedures, detailed in ESDU 07010, which are used to choose aft-fixing locations and CFD extrapolation strategies for low Reynolds number transonic wind-tunnel tests. Tests on the... | |
| ESDU 10019 explores the effects of tolerances in the link lengths on the performance of four-bar linkages. This Item presents an analysis of the four-bar chain mechanism, which includes derivation... | |
| ESDU 10022 provides a means of predicting the trailing-vortex drag coefficient, CDV, of wings with or without camber and twist, at a given value of in CL... | |
| ESDU 11004 evaluates the effects of water contaminated runways on the decelerating forces for a set of undercarriage wheels distributed in an array of line-astern and line-abreast arrangements. The model... | |
| ESDU 11005 introduces a computer program for estimating the noise from an isolated single rotating propeller in uniform motion or stationary in a lossless atmosphere without temperature gradients or wind. | |
| ESDU 11006 illustrates the procedures, detailed in ESDU 07010, which are used to extrapolate low-Reynolds number wind-tunnel data to high Reynolds numbers. Lift measurements on the F4 wing/body combination are... | |
| ESDU 11007 describes an alternative procedure for implementing viscous effects using a method to add a frozen boundary layer to the wing surface in the form of a displacement thickness... | |
| ESDU 12001 provides a means of estimating the noise levels in one-third octave bands emanating from the turbine within a gas turbine engine which may be either static or flying. | |
| ESDU 12003 provides an overview of the techniques available to practising engineers for measuring fluid pressure and flow rate, and of the range of instruments that can be selected for... | |
| ESDU 64001 introduces this section of information on stress concentration effects due to discontinuities of shape, inclusions or changes in local load distribution. Broad guidance is given on the use... | |
| ESDU 65002 gives curves that enable the maximum stresses and deflection to be determined for initially flat circular plates of uniform thickness under uniform pressure, with various edge conditions. It... | |
| ESDU 65003 gives curves that enable the maximum elastic stresses and deflection to be determined for initially flat circular plates under uniform pressure with various edge conditions. It deals with... | |
| ESDU 65007 provides a guide in the early stages of design to the choice of the type of journal bearing that is most likely to give the required performance. It... | |
| ESDU 66006 gives the cross-sectional dimensions for minimum weight of thin-walled struts of uniform square section and given length. Information is also presented on the geometry for minimum weight when... | |
| ESDU 66007 gives the cross-sectional dimensions for minimum weight of struts of uniform I-section and given length. Information is also presented on the geometry for minimum weight when a restriction... | |
| ESDU 66010 gives curves that enable the maximum stresses to be determined for a long circular cylindrical shell with a flat head closure under uniform internal or external pressure. The... | |
| ESDU 66011 gives a method of determining the maximum shear stress at the boundary of a hole in an axially loaded bar with an additional axially aligned load entering via... | |
| ESDU 66016 gives the relationship between the spectrum level at a particular frequency and the level in a band of known width centred on that frequency. Bandwidth corrections are plotted... | |
| ESDU 66017 provides a method of determining the combined sound level resulting from two or more sources of known levels. The method may be used to obtain the overall level... | |
| ESDU 66018 provides a means of converting a sound pressure level in decibels to a root mean square value of fluctuating pressure. These data are often required when estimating structural... | |
| ESDU 66024 gives the variation of viscosity with temperature, at atmospheric or saturation pressure, for 113 commonly used liquids. These include inorganic and organic chemicals, refrigerants, liquid metals, oils and... | |
| ESDU 66027 applies to frictional pressure losses for incompressible flow in pipes running full. For circular pipes, calculation methods using a specially developed chart, or values of friction factor from... | |
| ESDU 66030 gives approximate pressure loss information for a wide range of flowmeters operating under turbulent flow conditions. The data are based on information supplied by manufacturers of flowmeters and... | |
| ESDU 66031 discusses the various contributions to the drag of a lifting wing of moderate to high aspect ratio in subcritical viscous flow, considering both a cambered and twisted wing... | |
| ESDU 66032 provides a means of estimating the lift-dependent drag arising from the presence of a boundary layer on plane wings with symmetrical sections. The lift-dependent drag factor is presented... | |
| ESDU 66034 provides a simple chart for determining the low-speed stall type for aerodynamically smooth two-dimensional aerofoils. For a given Reynolds number the stall type is determined using an ordinate... | |
| ESDU 67001 introduces the rationalised system of notation proposed by H. R. Hopkin in RAE Technical Report TR 66200 and is mainly intended to help those conversant with the previously... | |
| ESDU 67002 defines certain symbols that occur so frequently within aircraft dynamics that it is felt worthwhile to collect them together in a single place. Accordingly, the notation which it... | |
| ESDU 67004 relates the vector components, stability derivatives, and inertia parameters in one set of axes to those in another. The axis systems in normal use in flight dynamics are... | |
| ESDU 67005 introduces the subject of inertia cross-coupling and describes some of the simplifications to the equations of motion that are used for rapid rolling manoeuvres. A discussion of the... | |
| ESDU 67006 presents the equations of motion in the form usually employed for rolling manoeuvres when inertia coupling effects become important and, in particular, discusses in detail the simplification which... | |
| ESDU 67007 is one of a group which deals with the dynamics of aircraft. It considers the assumption of constant roll rate in detail and presents the significant part of... | |
| ESDU 67008 gives the maximum total elastic stress resulting from the combination of the bending stress and the applied direct stress in a single lap joint between two flat or... | |
| ESDU 67011 presents the profile drag coefficient at the drag-rise condition for particular families of aerofoils, designed to combine a high drag-rise Mach number with a high lift coefficient for... | |
| ESDU 67021 describes the capabilities of crossed flexure-pivots. Detailed guidance is given on the design of flexure-pivots whose strips cross midway along their lengths and at right angles to each... | |
| ESDU 67022 provides the modulus of rigidity of matrixes of square, rectangular and hexagonal cells. The cells are formed from strips intermittently attached and then expanded to provide the desired... | |
| ESDU 67033 provides a guide in the early stages of design to the choice of the type of thrust bearing that is most likely to give the required performance. It... | |
| ESDU 67034 gives a method of estimating the effect of an inclined nut seating on the fatigue strength of a steel screw thread. The method is based on the calculation... | |
| ESDU 67035 presents non-dimensional mass flow and gross thrust parameters as functions of total pressure/ambient pressure ratio (up to 50) and ratio of specific heat capacities (from 1 to 1.67)... | |
| ESDU 67036 presents geometric relationships between the components of any vector in one orthogonal axis system and the components of the same vector in any other orthogonal system. The general... | |
| ESDU 67038 enables one measure of the damping of a simple linear system to be readily converted to other measures. To facilitate this, tables of definitions of the different measures... | |
| ESDU 67041 provides a simple empirically-based means of estimating the drag of a fighter-type (bubble) canopy at zero angles of fuselage incidence and sideslip at subcritical Mach numbers. The canopy... | |
| ESDU 68002 is Part I of a four-part series. It outlines the main aspects of the design of interference-fit collars on rotating shafts insofar as the design is affected by... | |
| ESDU 68004 gives a procedure for calculating the nominal interface pressures and stresses in a set of three or more uniform circular rings with axially uniform initial interferences. The effects... | |
| ESDU 68008 provides data in graphs and tables for the specific heat capacity of water and steam between 0 and 1500 degrees C at intervals of 10 K and between... | |
| ESDU 68010 provides data in graphs and tables for the density of water and steam between 0 and 1500 degrees C. The tables give values at intervals of 10 K... | |
| ESDU 68019 presents data based on the Blasius relations for skin friction and various thickness parameters for the case of the flat plate in incompressible flow. For the general case... | |
| ESDU 68020 presents data for the skin friction coefficients, shape parameter, momentum thickness, displacement thickness and boundary layer thickness for the turbulent boundary layer on a smooth flat plate with... | |
| ESDU 68021 gives the total forebody drag, including skin friction and boundary layer normal pressure (or wave) drag components, taking account of the effects of viscosity, for spherically blunted cones... | |
| ESDU 68023 provides tabulated data for the properties along the saturation line. In addition, for the liquid, thermal conductivity is tabulated for pressures up to 500 atm and temperatures to... | |
| ESDU 68029 gives an account of the theoretical basis of the part of the Structures Series relating to the buckling of sandwich panels. The necessary panel constants are defined and,... | |
| ESDU 68037 provides a graphical presentation of results obtained from the theory of buckling for a wide variety of sandwich panel geometries. Two modes of buckling are considered: when all... | |
| ESDU 68040 is complementary to ESDU 77002. Data are given for gears generated from the 20 degree flank rack form given in BS 436: Part I which enable an initial... | |
| ESDU 68046 provides tables of the properties of the International Standard Atmosphere for use in aircraft performance calculations in commonly used units. They contain the parameters most frequently used in... | |
| ESDU 69003 provides a method of checking the elastic stability of rectangular plates subject to stresses that are compressive at the centre line and distributed parabolically across the width. The... | |
| ESDU 69004 presents convective heat transfer data in non-dimensional form for crossflow over a circular cylinder. The cases of horizontal and vertical cylinders are covered and the data apply for... | |
| ESDU 69005 presents sets of normalised response curves for simple first- and second-order systems. The data are restricted to certain basic forms of input and to systems that can be... | |
| ESDU 69006 introduces the subject of in-flight measurement of thrust of turbo-jet and turbo-fan engines. The measurement of thrust in flight is required for two reasons: (i) so that, from... | |
| ESDU 69008 presents curves of gross thrust and mass flow parameters for use with the total- and static-pressure sampling methods for measurement of thrust and mass flow in flight which... | |
| ESDU 69009 is concerned with the heat balance for flight vehicles and acts as an introduction to the group, ESDU 69010, ESDU 69011 and ESDU 69012, dealing with heat transfer... | |
| ESDU 69010 provides Stanton number data for the forced convection heat transfer between a two-dimensional laminar boundary layer and a smooth flat plate. Both local and mean values of Stanton... | |
| ESDU 69011 provides Stanton number data for the forced convection heat transfer between a two-dimensional turbulent boundary layer and a smooth flat plate. Both local and mean values of Stanton... | |
| ESDU 69012 provides a simple graphical iterative method for solving the heat balance equation (ESDU 69009) to determine the equilibrium temperature distribution on flat plates, two-dimensional wedges, cylinders and cones... | |
| ESDU 69013 presents a method for calculating the pressure distribution on an aerofoil in a sonic stream. The method, the derivation of which is given, is based on theoretical and... | |
| ESDU 69017 gives a method of calculating the slope and deflection at any point along the length of a shaft or beam of constant or stepped cross section under any... | |
| ESDU 69022 gives approximate pressure loss information for single-phase flow through a number of types of shut-off and simple flow control valves. The information is presented in the form of... | |
| ESDU 69025 presents a working scheme for solving ordinary linear differential equations with constant coefficients by means of the Laplace transform. The merit of the method lies in the fact... | |
| ESDU 69026 presents means of obtaining airspeed and kinetic pressure information which are needed for performance estimation or reduction purposes. These data apply to pressure heights from -2000 to l05... | |
| ESDU 70003 provides data on the local buckling of compression panels for a wide variety of skin and stiffener geometries. A graphical presentation of the evaluation of earliest buckling stress... | |
| ESDU 70007 gives the cross-sectional dimensions for minimum weight of uniform compression panels having unflanged integral stiffeners. Data are also given for determining the dimensions of the panel of least... | |
| ESDU 70008, which is one of a series of four, presents data for the shock angle of a sharp-nosed right-circular cone at zero incidence in a uniform, inviscid, supersonic airflow. | |
| ESDU 70009, which is one of a series of four, presents data for the deflection of a streamline in the conical flow field between the shock and the surface of... | |
| ESDU 70010, which is one of a series of four, presents data for the Mach number along a streamline in the conical flow field between the shock and the surface... | |
| ESDU 70011 presents data for the lift-curve slope and aerodynamic centre position for wings with straight leading- and trailing-edges and streamwise tips in subsonic flow. The data were derived from... | |
| ESDU 70012 presents data for the lift-curve slope and aerodynamic centre position for wings with straight leading- and trailing-edges and streamwise tips in supersonic flow. The data were derived from... | |
| ESDU 70015 gives information on the variation with incidence of the normal forces and centre of pressure positions for thin plates of various shapes. The data are presented in terms... | |
| ESDU 70016 is a reference guide to terminology. Terms covered relate to constant amplitude loading and the presentation of such data in S-N and alternating stress - mean stress diagrams,... | |
| ESDU 70018 outlines some general principles and procedures that are relevant to the design of aircraft components subjected to fatigue loading. The matter is presented under the following headings: l. | |
| ESDU 70020 outlines the method by which the engine and airframe characteristics used in the measurement and calculation of aircraft performance may be expressed in terms of a few non-dimensional... | |
| ESDU 70021 outlines the method of performance measurement used when drag is determined from a knowledge of thrust. The thrust may be obtained from flight measurements or it may be... | |
| ESDU 70023 gives methods for analysing flight-measured data to determine aircraft climb or descent performance. ESDU 70023 provides a background to the subject as a whole but gives particular emphasis... | |
| ESDU 71001 gives data for all the 230 normal and branched chain esters with carbon numbers between C2 and C25 and so includes all the formates, acetates, propionates, butyrates, valerates,... | |
| ESDU 71003 gives information on the approximate viscosity ranges covered by petroleum products including lubricants, fuels and liquefied gases and bitumens. British Standards designations for fuels and lubricants are included... | |
| ESDU 71004 gives data for the calculation of the elastic stresses in the flanges of curved beams subjected to bending in the plane of curvature. The data are provided in... | |
| ESDU 71005 provides the elastic buckling coefficient for flat rectangular isotropic plates loaded in shear and having various combinations of clamped and simply-supported edge conditions. Plasticity correction factors are provided. | |
| ESDU 71006 presents the normal and axial force coefficients, the pitching moment coefficient and the position of the aerodynamic centre of uncambered untwisted pointed slender wings with unswept trailing-edges and... | |
| ESDU 71007 provides a simple means of estimating the change in normal force and pitching moment of slender wings at low speeds due to the presence of the ground. The... | |
| ESDU 71011 presents data on the elastic stresses arising in flat plates, bars, strips, or lugs from the insertion of a circular interference-fit pin or bush of similar or different... | |
| ESDU 71012 provides background information that will assist the user of the Series in the estimation of fluid forces on non-streamline (i.e. bluff) bodies. The Wind Engineering Series gives detailed... | |
| ESDU 71016 provides mean (time-averaged) force, pressure and moment coefficients for use in the estimation of forces, pressures and moments on single rectangular-sectione d blocks or prisms as a result... | |
| ESDU 71018 provides a simple method of estimating the wave drag due to rectangular planform fairings at zero incidence in supersonic flow. The data, which were derived using linearised supersonic... | |
| ESDU 71025 is Part I of a group dealing with the frictional and retarding forces that can be developed when aircraft tyres are operated on prepared, hard runway surfaces. In... | |
| ESDU 71026 is the second of a group dealing with frictional and retarding forces on aircraft-type tyres. Methods are given for estimating: (i) the coefficient of friction for unyawed tyres... | |
| ESDU 72002 gives a method of estimating the near field sound pressure levels due to high velocity jet noise from a single stationary conical nozzle. From a comparison with measured... | |
| ESDU 72003 gives the natural frequencies of vibration of built-up, flat skin-stringer structures with equi-spaced and identical stringers. The natural frequencies of such multi-span structures occur in groups, the number... | |
| ESDU 72005 provides a method of estimating the stress in thin flat, or lightly-curved, rectangular stiffened panels under high intensity acoustic loading. These data are particularly applicable to aircraft structural... | |
| ESDU 72006 presents tabular data for 22 n-alkanoic acids and 3 isoalkanoic acids. The names given in the Tables are those recommended by the BSI. Synonyms in general use are... | |
| ESDU 72008 is the third of a series dealing with the frictional and retarding forces on aircraft-type tyres and considers the various aspects of aquaplaning. The objects of this part... | |
| ESDU 72009 enables the pressure drop to be estimated for liquid or gas flow. A reference pressure drop that is a function of gauze porosity is first predicted. An empirical... | |
| ESDU 72011 provides information on the total-pressure loss and static-pressure recovery for incompressible and subsonic compressible fluid flow through sudden enlargements of area in ducts. Data are given for the... | |
| ESDU 72012 gives general information on the data in the Structures Series on quadrilateral plates and panels subjected to in-plane compression. It covers behaviour at initial buckling, immediately after buckling... | |
| ESDU 72013 gives curves from which the principal stresses and their direction can be found from a knowledge of the direct and shear stress components applied. The formulae on which... | |
| ESDU 72014 gives curves showing the magnitudes and directions of the principal stresses and principal strains as a function of the reading of strain gauge rosettes in equiangular or rectangular... | |
| ESDU 72015 provides fatigue endurance data for aluminium alloy specimens, typical of aircraft structural elements. The endurance range covered is 0.1 to 1000 MHz. Data are based on results of... | |
| ESDU 72016 provides a graphical method of calculating the natural frequencies of vibration of initially unstressed flat or curved rectangular panels of sandwich construction with identical face plates. The core... | |
| ESDU 72017 provides a means of estimating the r.m.s. stress in the centre of face plates of a sandwich panel subjected to random acoustic loading. The panels considered are initially... | |
| ESDU 72018 provides tables of the properties of the International Standard Atmosphere for use in aircraft performance calculations with values of height in feet and the other parameters in SI... | |
| ESDU 72019 gives the elastic buckling stress under longitudinal compression of a plate with edge conditions: (1) short sides simply-supported and long sides simply-supported, clamped or elastically restrained laterally and/or... | |
| ESDU 72021 provides a means of estimating the contribution of a straight-tapered swept wing to the rolling moment derivative due to yawing at lift coefficients for which the flow remains... | |
| ESDU 72023 provides a means of estimating the changes in the lift-curve, drag, tailplane lift, and downwash from the wing of an aircraft due to ground effect in incompressible flow. | |
| ESDU 72024 provides a means of estimating the lift-curve slope at zero lift, zero-lift incidence, zero-lift pitching moment coefficient and chordwise location of the aerodynamic centre for any aerofoil in... | |
| ESDU 72025 presents a method, accurate to second-order in thickness, camber and incidence. Examples are given of comparisons with a nominally-exact method and it is shown how the method differs... | |
| ESDU 72027 takes charts from ESDU 71019 for the prediction of the Mach number at which shock-wave drag first appears on families of aerofoils having a particular form of upper-surface... | |
| ESDU 73002 gives stress-endurance curves for constant amplitude torsion applied by the female member, the shaft being free of other loads. Data show the effect for various steels of varying... | |
| ESDU 73004 gives the two criteria most frequently used to predict yielding from a knowledge of uniaxial tensile tests. They are the Tresca and the Von Mises-Hencky criteria, and formulae... | |
| ESDU 73006 provides a method of estimating the rolling moment due to sideslip for a wing-fuselage-nacell e configuration in low-speed attached flow. The wing alone contribution is first obtained from... | |
| ESDU 73007 provides curves to determine the stiffnesses of long flat strips initially subjected to in-plane biaxial direct stresses. The stiffnesses define the distributed edge rotations and corresponding edge couples; | |
| ESDU 73011 presents the results of over 500 tests to obtain damping ratio for flat skin-stringer panels with and without viscoelastic jointing compound, for curved skin-stringer panels with viscoelastic jointing... | |
| ESDU 73012 presents an equation for the velocity at any point on the surface of a wing in compressible or incompressible subcritical flow. The formula applies for thickness/chord ratios up... | |
| ESDU 73013 gives curves of the fundamental natural frequency of initially unstressed rectangular plates in a panel with flexible stiffeners (not necessarily of the same material as the skin). The... | |
| ESDU 73014 gives a method of estimating the r.m.s. stress at three points in the skin of a rectangular plate between flexible stringers (that may be of a different material)... | |
| ESDU 73015 illustrates the use of ESDU 73007 in calculating the local buckling stress of a structure by applying it to a particular skin-stringer panel, under biaxial loads. The panel... | |
| ESDU 73016 gives curves and an equation for the value of Reynolds number based on distance along the plate above which an increase in roughness height will not affect skin... | |
| ESDU 73017 presents graphs of Reynolds number/metre in an International Standard Atmosphere for Mach numbers to 10 and heights in metres or feet to 32 000 m (105 000 ft). | |
| ESDU 73018 discusses the factors to be taken into account in estimating range and develops equations for specific air range, range and endurance. Solutions of the equations are given in... | |
| ESDU 73019 gives methods for use in still air (ESDU 73018 gives the effect of wind) in cases when at least one parameter out of airspeed, Mach number, pressure height... | |
| ESDU 73022 gives graphical data, derived by correlating results from a wide range of experimental sources, for the pressure loss through any three-leg planar junction with dividing flow running full. | |
| ESDU 73023 gives graphical data, derived by correlating results from a wide range of experimental sources, for the pressure loss through three-leg planar junctions with an symmetrical Y-form or with... | |
| ESDU 73024 presents curves for static pressure recovery and total pressure loss for the diffuser with various lengths of upstream and downstream pipes. Curves of the geometries for maximum pressure... | |
| ESDU 73026 details the method of presenting the complete performance of a helicopter in terms of a set of non-dimensional parameters. Using the technique, derived through dimensional analysis and relying... | |
| ESDU 73027 shows how the method of ESDU 73026 is applied to analyse flight test measured data on hover. Three possible techniques are available. If rotor speed cannot be varied,... | |
| ESDU 73031 gives a method for estimating the heat transfer from a bank of plain tubes in fluid crossflow (as, for example, in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger). The data apply... | |
| ESDU 74003 gives a method of estimating these acoustic properties of fibremetals and polyimide laminates used to line aircraft propulsion ducts. The materials are spaced from a solid backing sheet... | |
| ESDU 74004 gives a method of estimating these acoustic properties of thin perforated liners used in aircraft propulsion systems. The material is spaced from a solid backing sheet by a... | |
| ESDU 74008 gives curves (for inviscid incompressible flow) of critical Mach number at a point on the aerofoil surface plotted against the local pressure coefficient and the surface slope at... | |
| ESDU 74009 gives curves of lift coefficient increment as a function of wing thickness/chord ratio and flap deflection for a flap chord/wing chord ratio of 0.4. A second graph provides... | |
| ESDU 74010 gives curves of drag increment at zero lift as a function of wing thickness/chord ratio and flap deflection for various flap chord/wing chord ratios between 0.1 and 0.4. | |
| ESDU 74011 gives curves derived from lifting-surface calculations for flap effectiveness (rate of change of lift coefficient with flap deflection) as a function of wing lift-curve slope, flap chord/wing chord... | |
| ESDU 74012 gives curves derived from lifting-surface calculations for correcting lift increment due to deflection of a full-span flap to give the increment for a part-span flap with arbitrary spanwise... | |
| ESDU 74013 gives a method of predicting when the shock first appears downstream of the point of maximum cross section, either on first being formed or on moving from an... | |
| ESDU 74015 presents curves for static pressure recovery for the diffusers with or without a tailpipe. The effects of the area ratio, the divergence angle and the cross-section aspect ratio... | |
| ESDU 74016 plots the results, drawn from many sources, of constant amplitude fatigue tests on steel specimens with various types of stress raisers. The data are shown as fatigue strength... | |
| ESDU 74018 gives simple formulae, derived from an analysis of a wide range of aircraft operating data, that enable still-air estimates of range, fuel used, and time based on cruise... | |
| ESDU 74019 is the first part of an integrated group of seven that deal with methods of assessing the stability and response of linear systems. It introduces the mathematical description... | |
| ESDU 74020 is the second in an integrated group of seven that deal with methods of assessing the stability and response of linear systems. It considers methods of graphical presentation... | |
| ESDU 74021 is the third in an integrated group of seven that deal with methods of assessing the stability and response of linear systems. It treats those methods of stability... | |
| ESDU 74022 gives a curve for the shear at overall buckling of the web as a function of the edge rotational restraint, the product of the stiffnesses along and across... | |
| ESDU 74025 gives a method for estimating the natural frequency of a box structure that is rectangular in section and has a number of supporting shear spars and webs to... | |
| ESDU 74026 gives curves for estimating the r.m.s. stresses at four points within a box structure that is rectangular in section and in which the supporting shear spars and webs... | |
| ESDU 74027 gives curves for the peak-to-valley surface roughness below which improvement of the surface finish will not affect the fatigue limit, and also gives curves for the effect on... | |
| ESDU 74028 gives curves and equations for use in the calculation of isentropic flow of a perfect gas; they are applicable to numerous practical situations. The curves are plotted for... | |
| ESDU 74029 gives methods of applying the friction factor data of ESDU 66027 to the case of isothermal or adiabatic flow of a gas. The procedure to be followed is... | |
| ESDU 74030 introduces the background to the statistics used for presenting the turbulence data in the Series, explaining the physical significance of the terms used. Only concepts relating to turbulence... | |
| ESDU 74033 gives a method based on a statistical, theoretical treatment incorporating the characteristics of the shock waves generated by the fan. A set of curves enables the components of... | |
| ESDU 74035 gives curves of trailing-vortex lift-dependent drag factor as a function of taper and aspect ratio, mid-chord sweep and Mach number. They were obtained using spanwise load distributions calculated... | |
| ESDU 74036 gives curves, derived from a correlation of experimental results obtained on a plate at zero incidence, for predicting the increment in drag for Mach numbers less than 3. | |
| ESDU 74037 reviews the various contributory factors to acoustic fatigue and the means of analysis available. The various sources of design data are indicated, including the ESDU work on prediction... | |
| ESDU 74038 gives stress versus endurance curves for naturally-aged and for artificially-aged alloys, each with or without notches (four different stress raisers in the second case). They were obtained from... | |
| ESDU 74040 gives curves that enable the pressure loss to be calculated taking into account by-passing, tube inclination and external roughness, upstream turbulence, number of tube rows, and fluid property... | |
| ESDU 74041 illustrates the use of ESDU 73019 (on range calculation) and ESDU 74018 (on lost range, fuel and time due to climb and descent), by applying them to a... | |
| ESDU 74042 shows how the method of ESDU 73026 is applied to analyse flight test measured data on level-flight performance. Three possible techniques are available. If rotor speed cannot be... | |
| ESDU 74043 gives curves, calculated by a theoretical method that assumes a pure bending moment and that initially-plane sections stay plane when under bending, for the flexibility of, and the... | |
| ESDU 75004 gives curves calculated from linearised theory for the wave drag of wings with straight leading- and trailing-edges, streamwise tips, and constant spanwise thickness/chord ratio. Data are given for... | |
| ESDU 75005 gives curves calculated from the oblique shock relationships for air enabling the performance to be obtained in terms of pressure recovery, mass flow ratio, and pre-entry drag. The... | |
| ESDU 75006 gives charts and calculation procedures to select the core and faceplate thicknesses of long rectangular sandwich panels for maximum structural efficiency (that is, minimum weight) when loaded on... | |
| ESDU 75007 gives curves for the maximum direct stress at both the smaller and the larger hole boundaries as a function of their radii ratio and the centre distance. The... | |
| ESDU 75008 gives graphs of frequency of occurrence against magnitude of the load factors obtained in operations on paved runways and taxiways. The data were deduced from accelerometer readings at... | |
| ESDU 75014 gives curves for the flexibilities of, and the maximum von Mises-Hencky equivalent and the maximum circumferential stresses in, thin smooth unpressurised pipe bends under pure bending in the... | |
| ESDU 75015 gives heat capacity and enthalpy data for 34 compounds tabulated at 10 K intervals between the normal melting and boiling points along the saturation line. The data were... | |
| ESDU 75016 shows graphically data taken from a wide range of sources in the literature for the endurance under axial load at various constant amplitude stress levels. Cruciform and cover... | |
| ESDU 75018 gives formulae for specific air range that can then be integrated to give range under the assumptions that fuel consumption per unit engine output-shaft power (or equivalent power)... | |
| ESDU 75020 provides both a graphical procedure and a computer program for estimating far-field sound pressure levels due to buzz-saw noise of a supersonic fan or compressor for a stationary... | |
| ESDU 75021 presents graphs of a correlation of flight test data taken from many sources in the literature that enables the overall fluctuating pressure in dB and its spectrum level... | |
| ESDU 75022 gives a calculation procedure to estimate the fatigue strength of a component (not subjected to fretting) having a stress concentration and under constant amplitude fatigue loading with a... | |
| ESDU 75026 gives for a wide range of geometries curves for static pressure recovery for diffusers (with or without tailpipes) having a parallel core, having a core diverging at 5... | |
| ESDU 75027 gives a method, valuable in analysing measured pressure distribution data, for determining regions of supercritical flow on the wing. An equation (also given graphically) is derived for the... | |
| ESDU 75028 gives curves, derived from a correlation of experimental data, that enable the drag increment to be predicted due to a groove of planform aspect ratio greater than 8... | |
| ESDU 75030 gives comprehensive curves that enable the natural frequencies to be calculated for the first few modes of vibration of plates having any combination (symmetric or otherwise) of edge... | |
| ESDU 75031 gives an empirical method for the prediction of the drag increment due to a variety of two-dimensional excrescences, each mounted normal to the flow direction on a flat... | |
| ESDU 75033 gives a method of deriving a double radius fillet that gives a lower stress concentration than a single radius fillet where that is constrained geometrically (either by the... | |
| ESDU 75034 gives graphs as a function of hole diameter/plate length ratio for 1. the elastic buckling stress as a function of that for a plate without a hole (for... | |
| ESDU 75035 gives graphs as a function of reinforcement height/plate thickness ratio for three values of hole diameter/plate width ratio for the buckling stress as a fraction of that for... | |
| ESDU 76003 gives expressions (in terms of wing geometry) for the length, and position of the quarter-chord point, of the geometric (or standard) mean and aerodynamic mean chords of a... | |
| ESDU 76005 forms part of a group which deals with the design and analysis of linkages. It comes in the form of a boxfile which contains a series of 72... | |
| ESDU 76007 gives graphs showing fatigue data, extracted from a wide range of sources in the literature, plotted as alternating stress against endurance for specimens tested in the as-welded condition. | |
| ESDU 76008 gives graphs that enable the increment in drag to be predicted for either a single or double row of rivet heads transverse to the free-stream or for an... | |
| ESDU 76010 gives heat capacity and enthalpy data for 24 compounds tabulated at 10 K intervals between the normal melting and boiling points along the saturation line. The data were... | |
| ESDU 76011 gives a method, obtained by correlating flight manual information for 36 aircraft powered by turbo-jet, turbo-fan, turbo-prop or piston engines, for estimating both unfactored all engines operating distance... | |
| ESDU 76013 gives graphs enabling the maximum deflection and the maximum direct and shear stresses to be found in initially flat simply-supported panels. The method assumes the face plates have... | |
| ESDU 76014 details a method for constructing a constant amplitude S-N curve for a component from a knowledge of an S-N curve obtained by testing specimens of the same material... | |
| ESDU 76015 gives an empirical method for correcting the wing-alone aerodynamic centre position from ESDU 70011. Graphs give correction factors for fuselage forebody and afterbody length, and width, and fuselage... | |
| ESDU 76016 describes a generalised method for representing a smooth stress/strain curve by an equation involving Young's modulus, a reference stress and a characteristic index. The determination of those last... | |
| ESDU 76018 compares seven recognised prediction methods with a very large range of experimental results taken from the literature. By means of a statistical analysis, performance charts are developed that... | |
| ESDU 76020 gives a method based on the Gutin theory for the first harmonic sound pressure level, together with corrections that enable estimates of higher harmonic levels to be derived. | |
| ESDU 76021 tabulates dynamic viscosity values for temperatures from 240 to 1500 K and pressures from 1 to 1000 atmospheres. Also tabulated are dynamic and kinematic viscosities for saturated liquid... | |
| ESDU 76022 gives graphs enabling the maximum deflection and the maximum direct and shear stresses to be found in initially flat panels. The method assumes the face plates have the... | |
| ESDU 76023 gives charts that relate the compressive stress at buckling to the associated half-wavelength of the buckle; they cover the practical range of flange and lip proportions for unlipped... | |
| ESDU 76026 gives a method, based on an analysis of a limited number of experimental data taken from the literature, for predicting the effect of spoiler deflection. The method predicts... | |
| ESDU 76027 gives a comprehensive survey of all aspects of diffuser performance. It introduces the methods used in ESDU Items (73024 for conical diffusers, 74015 for plane-walled diffusers and 75026... | |
| ESDU 76028 gives correction formulae for fully-attached flow on a two-dimensional model spanning the tunnel at mid-height. The tunnel is rectangular-section, has solid side walls and either closed, longitudinally-slott ed... | |
| ESDU 76030 tabulates thermal conductivity values for temperatures from 240 K to 1500 K and pressures from 1 to 1000 atmospheres. Also tabulated is thermal conductivity of liquid and vapour... | |
| ESDU 76032 gives graphs of stress at the weld plotted against endurance obtained from fatigue tests in bending on I-beams and under axial load for T-sections. The data were extracted... | |
| ESDU 76033 gives curves derived by correlating experimental data from a number of different sources enabling the base drag coefficient, based on body maximum cross-sectional area, to be predicted to... | |
| ESDU 76034 gives a graphical method for use in initial design that relates the thrust of the uninstalled engine during take-off to the static, sea-level thrust. The method was developed... | |
| ESDU 77001 gives a method that is intended for use in estimating installed take-off thrust during initial design and can be used in conjunction with ESDU 76034 or with other... | |
| ESDU 77002 provides data for geometric gear design for gear ratios up to 10:1. Guidance on the choice between spur and helical gears is provided by considering the factors of... | |
| ESDU 77003 gives graphs enabling the maximum deflection and maximum direct and shear stresses to be found in initially flat panels. The method assumes the face plates have the same... | |
| ESDU 77007 gives heat capacity and enthalpy data for 48 compounds tabulated at 10 K intervals between the normal melting and boiling points along the saturation line. The data were... | |
| ESDU 77009 gives graphs for a factor that can be applied to loss data for individual bends (taken from ESDU 83037) to obtain the combined loss of two bends placed... | |
| ESDU 77011 gives graphs of the stress in the loaded plate plotted against endurance obtained from test data for constant amplitude loading on welds in plates of between 1/4 and... | |
| ESDU 77012 gives a method for estimating the forward shift of aerodynamic centre by treating the nacelle as an annular wing of diameter equal to the nacelle spanwise width. A... | |
| ESDU 77014 gives data for the analysis of a panel (that is, a thin plate reinforced by orthogonal edge stiffeners) carrying a shear load in which the plate has buckled... | |
| ESDU 77015 gives simple formulae, derived from an analysis of a wide range of aircraft operating data, that enable still-air estimates of range, fuel used, and time based on cruise... | |
| ESDU 77016 compares seven recognised prediction methods for vertically upwards flow with a very large range of experimental results taken from the literature. By means of a statistical analysis, performance... | |
| ESDU 77017 gives data for constant-amplitude fatigue tests drawn from mainly unpublished sources. The data are plotted as an alternating stress parameter (involving the stress concentration and the material tensile... | |
| ESDU 77018 gives data for the analysis of a panel (that is, a thin plate reinforced by orthogonal edge stiffeners). Data, based largely on a correlation of experimental results relating... | |
| ESDU 77019 gives vapour pressure data for 48 compounds, in the form of tables of temperature at selected vapour pressures and tables of vapour pressure at 5 K intervals for... | |
| ESDU 77020 gives graphs enabling pressure drag to be predicted for boat-tails on axisymmetric bodies with at least three diameters of constant diameter section upstream of the boat-tail, at zero... | |
| ESDU 77021 gives properties of a standard atmosphere to 1000 km. Tables give as a function of geopotential altitude in either ft or m up to 250 000 ft (80... | |
| ESDU 77022 gives equations for calculating for altitudes up to 50 km in British Customary Units or SI Units the pressure and density in a Standard Atmosphere and the density... | |
| ESDU 77023 gives curves and formulae neglecting any shear variation across the wall thickness so that they apply when the thickness is less than the web height/15. Graphs give the... | |
| ESDU 77024 provides data at normal pressure in tables for temperatures between 273 and 453 K at 10 K intervals and for salinities between 0 and 150 gm/kg. Equations are... | |
| ESDU 77027 gives the results of 1500 fatigue tests taken from the literature presented as a non-dimensional alternating stress parameter (involving the stress concentration factor and material tensile strength) plotted... | |
| ESDU 77028 gives surface area and volume (non-dimensionalised with the appropriate characteristic of the enclosing cylinder), nose (or tail) radius of curvature and half angle for a number of typical... | |
| ESDU 77029 gives a method for calculating the pressure loss for single-phase gas or liquid incompressible Newtonian flow through a coil. By correlating data for friction factor taken from a... | |
| ESDU 77030 gives curves relating the compressive stress at buckling to the associated half-wavelength for struts of isotropic material and uniform thickness. The effects of translation, rotation, and distortion of... | |
| ESDU 77031 gives equations for the free convective steady-state heat transfer coefficient for an internally heated or cooled (provided there is no condensation) vertical, inclined or horizontal flat plate, a... | |
| ESDU 77032 provides a comprehensive introduction to this subject. After discussing some common fluctuating force phenomena such as buffeting, galloping, flutter and vortex shedding, methods of reducing flow-induced oscillations are... | |
| ESDU 77033 gives the results of some 200 fatigue tests taken from the literature presented as a non-dimensional alternating stress parameter (involving the stress concentration factor and material tensile strength)... | |
| ESDU 78001 gives two methods of estimating this component of pressure loss and gives a guidance graph enabling the most appropriate method to be selected depending on the qualities of... | |
| ESDU 78002 provides tables of values for the rate of atmospheric attenuation at one-third octave band centre frequencies from 50 Hz to 100 kHz due to gaseous absorption in a... | |
| ESDU 78003 gives a method of obtaining the attenuation across a frequency band by integrating the discrete frequency attenuation values given in ESDU 78002 over the frequency range. Allowance is... | |
| ESDU 78004 gives graphs that enable the lower natural frequencies of unstiffened shells to be predicted for a range of end conditions. Natural frequencies of initially unstiffened shells for flexural... | |
| ESDU 78008 tabulates the density, temperature and geopotential altitude against pressure and pressure altitude for five design atmospheres each defined by a different temperature profile. The atmospheres are the International... | |
| ESDU 78009 derives, from simple sweep laws and the concept of the equivalence of two- and three-dimensional flows, a framework in the form of equations relating lift, freestream Mach number,... | |
| ESDU 78010 gives charts of lift coefficient as a function of Mach number and thickness/chord ratio for a family of aerofoils having a particular form of supercritical upper-surface pressure distribution... | |
| ESDU 78011 gives vapour pressure data for 72 compounds, in the form of tables. The vapour pressures have been critically evaluated and their temperature variation fitted by an equation in... | |
| ESDU 78012 gives methods for calculating properties of an atmosphere in which the variation of ambient temperature with height differs from that in the International Standard Atmosphere. Two cases are... | |
| ESDU 78013 gives a method for estimating the rearward shift of aerodynamic centre by treating the nacelle as an annular wing of diameter equal to the nacelle spanwise width. A... | |
| ESDU 78014 gives results of constant amplitude fatigue tests taken from literature. For Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn the data are plotted as the maximum stress in the cycle, non-dimensionalised by the material tensile... | |
| ESDU 78016 discusses methods for improving the fatigue strength and uses results of constant-amplitude fatigue tests from the literature to show their effectiveness. The effect of changing the stress concentration... | |
| ESDU 78017 gives graphs showing the variation of true airspeed in m/s with equivalent airspeed in m/s, pressure altitudes in m and Mach number, and the variation of true airspeed... | |
| ESDU 78018 gives calculation procedures for the calculation of three types of problem. They are the calculation of the pressure change in a system of known geometry, with known mass... | |
| ESDU 78019 gives a correlation of computed results using a method that allows iteratively for the displacement effects of the boundary layer and wake. It is found that by plotting... | |
| ESDU 78020 gives two graphs, one for the local buckling stress for I-section struts and one for the local buckling stress of channel- and Z-section struts. The buckling stress is... | |
| ESDU 78021 introduces the buckling behaviour of struts and illustrates overall buckling (flexural and torsional-flexural) and local buckling modes (for various section shapes). The effect of initial eccentricity or lateral... | |
| ESDU 78023 plots the results of constant amplitude fatigue tests drawn from the literature using the alternating stress in the loaded plate in the plane of the weld toe against... | |
| ESDU 78026 is one of a group of five dealing with this topic. A self-contained bearing assembly is one from which all heat is lost by convection and radiation from... | |
| ESDU 78027 gives an approximate method for estimating the temperature rise, with the likely minimum and maximum bound on it, for a simple self-contained assembly so that an initial decision... | |
| ESDU 78028 is one of a group of five dealing with this topic. It provides a method of estimating the thermal resistance by breaking down the assembly into its component... | |
| ESDU 78029 is one of a group of five dealing with this topic. It gives formulae and graphs that enable the convective and radiative heat transfer from surfaces typical of... | |
| ESDU 78030 gives graphs showing the end bending moments, and the maximum bending moment and its position, for a strut elastically restrained at its ends. The strut is initially straight... | |
| ESDU 78031 applies to Newtonian single-phase flow of gases or liquids. The method was developed by correlating data from a wide range of sources in the literature. Three Reynolds numbers... | |
| ESDU 78032 provides a method for estimating the grease life in rolling bearings for determining the relubrication interval, the grease renewal period, or the life of "sealed for life" bearings. | |
| ESDU 78034 gives vapour pressure data for 84 compounds, in the form of tables. The vapour pressures have been critically evaluated and their temperature variation fitted by an equation in... | |
| ESDU 78035 is a comprehensive review covering all possible conformal or non-conformal contact shapes; circular, rectangular and elliptical. Curves are given that enable in each case the contact dimensions to... | |
| ESDU 78036 gives equations that enable known solutions for the stress intensity factor in simple configurations to be compounded to give a stress intensity factor for a complex component. The... | |
| ESDU 78037 gives curves for velocity distribution using results from a computation method that allows iteratively for the displacement effect of the boundary layer and wake. Comparison of the results... | |
| ESDU 78038 gives the equations for the instantaneous or point performance of an aircraft using the International Standardisation Organisation's Standards as a framework for the definitions and sign conventions of... | |
| ESDU 78039 tabulates values at 10 K and 10 atmosphere intervals over the range from 0 to 800 degrees C and 1 to 1000 atmospheres. Values are also tabulated along... | |
| ESDU 78040 tabulates values of dynamic viscosity at 10 K and 10 atmosphere intervals over the range from 0 to 800 degrees C and 1 to 1000 atmospheres. Values are... | |
| ESDU 78041 gives graphs enabling both boat-tail and base pressure drags to be predicted on axisymmetric bodies with at least three diameters of constant diameter section upstream of the boat-tail,... | |
| ESDU 78042 gives experimentally derived stress-strain curves for three typical adhesives; the curves are modelled by a simple equation that is then used in a computer program based on shear... | |
| ESDU 78043 presents data on the behaviour of initially flat or coned disc springs (Belleville washers) so that a spring can be designed to meet a required load/deflection characteristic. The... | |
| ESDU 79002 is one of a group of five dealing with this topic. It uses the methods of ESDU 78027 to 78029 to predict the upper and lower bounds on... | |
| ESDU 79004 gives charts of forebody volume coefficient (ratio of forebody volume to that of the enclosing cylinder) and of wave drag for spherically blunted tangent ogives and paraboloids and... | |
| ESDU 79005 gives methods for obtaining the natural frequencies, mode shapes and normal-mode generalised masses for both lateral and torsional vibration of a shear building. A shear building is a... | |
| ESDU 79006 gives a correlation of experimental data drawn from a wide range of sources in the literature. Values of Nv for a yawing axis at mid-body position are predicted... | |
| ESDU 79008 gives a graph of the stress concentration factor as a function of the notch depth/length ratio and notch corner radius/depth ratio. The curves apply to a semi-infinite plate... | |
| ESDU 79009 presents the theoretical basis for three methods available in the literature. All are restricted to isentropic flow and one is further restricted to flows without shocks and thus... | |
| ESDU 79010 explains the application of ESDU 78043 to the calculation of the load/deflection behaviour of stacks of initially coned disc springs (Belleville washers). Four types of stack, to give... | |
| ESDU 79012 is one of a group of five on heat pipe performance. It provides information from which the thermal resistance of the pipe can be estimated and the overall... | |
| ESDU 79013 is one of a group of five on heat pipe performance. It gives equations for calculating the effective thermal conductivity, minimum capillary radius and permeability of a wide... | |
| ESDU 79014 gives curves and equations for the determination of pressure loss due to transverse ribs of various cross-sections, helical threads of various cross- sections, longitudinal or spiral fins, and... | |
| ESDU 79015 gives two methods for estimating the drag; one is an approximate method for use at the project stage when the geometry is not fully defined and gives the... | |
| ESDU 79016 introduces a computer program in Fortran that yields the stress and strain distributions in multistep configuration joints. It is based on a shear lag analysis and is concerned... | |
| ESDU 79017 tabulates values at 10 K and 10 atmosphere intervals over the range from 0 to 800 degrees C and 1 to 1000 atmospheres. Values are also tabulated along... | |
| ESDU 79018 gives a practical detailed worked example of the application of the equations of motion in ESDU 78038 to determining aircraft point performance using several axis systems. It involves... | |
| ESDU 79020 gives curves of displacement thickness, shape parameter and total thickness of the boundary layer using results from a computation method that allows interactively for the displacement effect of... | |
| ESDU 79022 gives graphs for the base drag on axisymmetric bodies with at least three diameters of constant diameter section upstream of the boat-tail, at zero incidence, with a turbulent... | |
| ESDU 79024 describes the analysis of the cumulative frequency loading spectrum in preparation for the damage calculation. The data for cumulative frequency gust and manoeuvre loading are obtained from ESDU... | |
| ESDU 79025 discusses the mechanisms that cause flow-induced response and outlines various methods by which the response can be reduced. It then reviews the parameters that affect response and indicates... | |
| ESDU 79026 gives curves obtained by correlating experimental data drawn from a wide range of sources in the literature. The graphs give the drag in uniform two-dimensional flow of regular... | |
| ESDU 79027 gives the variation of dynamic viscosity at saturation pressure for 58 compounds from the melting point to 10 K below the critical point. The data were obtained by... | |
| ESDU 79028 gives heat capacity and enthalpy data for 26 compounds tabulated at 10 K intervals between the normal melting and boiling points along the saturation line. The data were... | |
| ESDU 79030 gives vapour pressure data for 40 compounds, in the form of tables. The vapour pressures have been critically evaluated and their temperature variation fitted by an equation in... | |
| ESDU 79031 gives graphs showing the results of over 1000 constant amplitude tensile fatigue tests drawn from the literature plotted as alternating stress against endurance. Data are available for naturally-... | |
| Fatigue results are presented for coupons made from titanium and titanium alloys, which are subjected to narrow band random loading, intended to simulate acoustic loading. The coupons are cantilevers or... | |
| Fatigue test data are presented for aluminium alloy specimens under simulated aircraft gust and manoeuvre loadings, excluding effects of ground-to-air loading cycles. The data show the cumulative fatigue damage as... | |
| Flow visualisation is used for many applications to supplement measured forces and pressures as a means of understanding particular features of the flow. This Data Item is primarily concerned with... | |
| For panels under unit uniform pressure, ESDU 67029 provides ratios of nominal stress in a reinforced panel to the nominal stress at a rivet line in an unreinforced panel. The... | |
| FP is a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) method coded in Fortran for calculating the flow field and aerodynamic forces of an isolated wing or a wing-body combination in a subsonic... | |
| FP is a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) method coded in Fortran for calculating the flow field and aerodynamic forces of an isolated wing or a wing/body combination in a subsonic... | |
| Graphically presented data are provided on the maximum direct stresses around each hole of a biaxially loaded plate. Stresses may be determined for various hole pitch/diameter ratios and principal stress... | |
| It is often necessary to specify the direction of a vector with respect to an axis system. For this purpose only two angles are required, and these are called "direction... | |
| Item No. 05015 presents a semi-empirical prediction method for normal force and pitching moment of forebody-cylinder combinations of elliptic cross-section at supersonic speeds. Because the data available for bodies with... | |
| Labyrinth seals are commonly used in rotating machines such as pumps, compressors, turbines and food processing machinery. They are typically selected in applications where there is high relative speed between... | |
| Methods are described for determining engine thrust from in-flight measurements of total pressure, static pressure and total temperature in the gas flow through a turbo-jet or turbo-fan engine. Relationships are... | |
| Multi-engined propeller driven aircraft are known to suffer from a reduction in lateral stability due to sideslip (the "dihedral effect", Lv), particularly at a combination of high power... | |
| Presents data for the contribution of a straight-tapered swept wing to the aero-normalised yawing moment derivative due to yawing in low-speed flow at lift coefficients for which the flow remains... | |
| The "carpet" plot is a form of graph which illustrates the behaviour of a function of two independent variables. Unlike the conventional type of graph, which shows the variation of... | |
| The aim of the Item is to provide a visual record of the mobilities of structures, such as beams, plates and cylinders. Information on both point and transfer mobilities is... | |
| The data presented have been obtained from accelerometer VG and VGH records mainly from subsonic transport aircraft in scheduled operation. Curves present the average distance flown by aircraft, with and... | |
| The data presented in ESDU 68003 are obtained from plane-stress elastic theory and apply to constant thickness collars with an axially uniform initial interference. The data may also be used... | |
| The dynamic viscosity of benzene at atmospheric pressure is fitted by one equation and the correction for pressures up to 3000 atm given by a second equation. The values are... | |
| The elastic buckling coefficient is provided for short wavelength buckling of compression panels reinforced by stiffeners having either single-sided flanges or double-sided (T) flanges. Two sets of data are provided,... | |
| The elastic buckling loads are presented graphically in terms of the overall dimensions of the panel and its flexural and through-the-thicknes s shear stiffnesses. The data are applicable to sandwich... | |
| The elastic buckling loads are presented graphically in terms of the overall dimensions of the panel and its flexural and through-the-thicknes s shear stiffnesses. The loadings covered are either uniaxial... | |
| The elastic buckling loads are presented graphically in terms of the overall dimensions of the panel and its flexural and transverse through-the-thicknes s shear stiffnesses. The data are applicable to... | |
| The elastic buckling loads are presented graphically in terms of the overall dimensions of the panel and its flexural and transverse through-the-thicknes s shear stiffnesses. The loadings covered are either... | |
| The equations of motion of a rigid aircraft are required before any analysis can be started. In many problems the Earth can be regarded as ideally flat and non-rotating. In... | |
| The ESDU Aircraft Noise Series provides a range of methods for predicting aircraft noise levels. ESDU 09009 provides an overview of the extent to which currently-available prediction methods can meet... | |
| The ESDU Aircraft Performance Program is a suite of programs to predict the performance of an aircraft design for which appropriate aerodynamic and powerplant data are available. The programs are... | |
| The ESDU Aircraft Performance Program is a suite of programs to predict the performance of an aircraft design for which appropriate aerodynamic and powerplant data are available.The programs are written... | |
| The information given in ESDU 04023 concerns unsteady flow and the associated aero-acoustics of rectangular planform cavities. Following a general introduction concerning the ranges of cavity geometry over which sustained... | |
| The Item presents a method for the analysis of acoustic fatigue data where the life, or the number of cycles to failure, has been measured for different stresses (or strains)... | |
| The liquids for which data are presented are 12 isopropyl n-alkanoates, 12 isobutyl n-alkanoates, 12 isopentyl n-alkanoates, 5 n-alkyl isobutyrates, 5 n-alkyl isovalerates, 3 isoalkyl isobutyrates and 3 isoalkyl isovalerates. | |
| The liquids for which data are presented are 20 normal (i.e. straight chain) alkanals (alkyl aldehydes) and 18 alkanones (methyl alkyl ketones) and 16 alkan-3-ones (ethyl alkyl ketones), 14 alkan-4-ones... | |
| The main aims of ESDU 68036 are (i) to present the factors required to convert viscosity data obtained from the literature into common working units; (ii) to discuss the effects... | |
| The method described was selected after careful evaluation of those available. The test employs a five point beam bending system to a strip of the sandwich panel. A method of... | |
| The method presented is applicable at subsonic and supersonic speeds to aircraft powered by turbine engines other than propeller turbines, for which data in the RT series are applicable. The... | |
| The methods of many Data Items that predict the aerodynamics of wings and wing-body combinations assume a straight-tapered wing for the presentation of correlations in terms of the planform parameters,... | |
| The modal densities for rods, beams and plates are collected together to form a compendium. Sandwich panels with isotropic cores and shear flexibility, faceplate bending and rotary inertia, which have... | |
| The purpose of ESDU 01008 is to provide detailed information on the use of, and background to, the Excel Visual Basic module E0108. This module, which runs in Excel 97... | |
| The purpose of the tank is to provide storage for the oil, to allow settling of solid and liquid contaminants and to promote de-aeration and foam removal. ESDU 68039 gives... | |
| The purpose of this Item is to promote 'good practice' when choosing and fitting a function with a linear Least Squares error profile to represent a set of data. There... | |
| The results of 270 constant-amplitude fatigue tests on axially loaded solid steel bolts are presented in the form of S-N curves, the alternating stress being presented non-dimensionalised by the tensile... | |
| The results of about 110 fatigue tests on steel and aluminium cylinders are presented graphically; endurance is related to the ratio of maximum shear stress at the bore to the... | |
| The results of about 170 fatigue tests of constant diameter shafts with plain collars subjected to rotational bending loads are presented graphically. The data encompass both untreated shafts and rolled... | |
| The results of approximately 1100 fatigue tests on plain and notched specimens (with notch stress concentration factors in the range of 1 to 3.2) are presented as a basis for... | |
| The subsonic flow of the turbulent boundary layers over the upper and lower surfaces of a flat plate with a blunt trailing edge separate at the base to form an... | |
| The various types of ESDU computer programs are introduced in this Item. ESDU computer programs fall into two categories, Fortran codes, both source and compiled, that are known as ESDUpacs,... | |
| There is a facility in FP for using an indirect method of including the effects on the wing due to the fore and aft shaping of the fuselage. The speed... | |
| There is a standard file structure for recording noise spectra and other data which is used throughout the ESDU Aircraft Noise Series. Most Items employ this Common Data standard. There... | |
| This Addendum to ESDU 07001 includes a computer program to calculate section properties of fuselage stiffeners rapidly. These properties are required input for Program A0701 which estimates the noise reduction... | |
| This Data Item gives a guide to the use of a Windows version of VGK designated "Winteracter © executable VIEWpac program W0315". This permits the VGK aerofoil code to be... | |
| This Data Item introduces the subject of flow in rotating machinery and provides guidance and techniques for modelling specific flow applications involving discs, cylinders and cavities, predominantly in steady-state, stable... | |
| This Data Item is the first in the series of four Items (Parts IIIA to IIID) comprising Part III of the wider five-part series (Parts I to V) dealing with... | |
| This Data Item is the third in the series of Items concerned with the prediction of the drag of rectangular planform cavities for Mach numbers up to 3. ESDU 00006... | |
| This Data Item provides guidance on the selection of the appropriate lubricant class for tribological applications. For this purpose lubricants are divided into four classes, namely oils (liquids), greases (semi-solids),... | |
| This is Part 3 of a series dealing with the computational fluid dynamics program FP. Parts 1 and 2 of the series deal respectively with the principles of FP and... | |
| This is Part 4 of a series dealing with the computational fluid dynamics program FP. Parts 1 and 2 of the series deal respectively with the principles of FP and... | |
| This Item is concerned with material damping, a type of damping which is intrinsic in a structure in vibration. The emphasis is on materials which have engineering applications. Small amounts... | |
| This Item is concerned with point mobilities of infinite structures, such as beams, plates and cylinders. It is a sequel to ESDU 04009, which is a compendium of the point... | |
| This Item provides a means of estimating the noise levels in one-third octave bands resulting from the combustion process within a gas turbine engine which may be either static or... | |
| This Item, which supersedes ESDU 01016, provides information on pressure loss and flow characteristics in flow of Newtonian fluids through a sudden contraction of duct area. Both incompressible and compressible... | |
| Viscous drag coefficient is defined in ESDU 07002 as the drag coefficient arising from all the effects of viscosity. Equations and graphs are provided for predicting the viscous drag coefficient... |
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