SAE International Datasheets for Standards and Technical Documents
Standards and technical documents includes standards, codes, regulation, handbooks, manuals, comprehensive guides and other formal publications. Standards, codes, and regulation establish uniform specifications, procedures or technical criteria.
Standards and Technical Documents: Learn more
| Product Name | Notes |
|---|---|
| A 1.9 liter Volkswagen TDI engine has been modified to accomodate the addition of hydrogen into the intake manifold via timed port fuel injection. Engine out particulate matter and the... | |
| A catalyzed ceramic filter has been used on diesel engines for diesel particulate matter emission control. A key design criteria for a diesel particulate filter is to maximize DPF performance,... | |
| A closed loop spark advance control system was evaluated on a Volvo V70 5-cylinder spark ignited engine. The system utilises a crankshaft mounted torque sensor for combustion monitoring which provides... | |
| A computational and experimental study has been carried out to assess the high load efficiency and emissions potential of a combustion system designed to operate on low octane gasoline (or... | |
| A computational study using multi-dimensional CFD modeling was performed to investigate the effects of physical properties on diesel engine combustion characteristics with bio-diesel fuels. Properties of typical bio-diesel fuels that... | |
| A computational, three-dimensional approach to investigate the behavior of diesel soot particles in the micro-channels of wall-flow Diesel Particulate Filters is presented. The KIVA3V CFD code, already extended to solve... | |
| A detailed analysis is performed upon the results of CFD combustion simulations of several diesel fuel spray flame experiments. Simulations are validated against measurements from a constant volume combustion chamber... | |
| A detailed comparison of cylinder pressure derived combustion performance and engine-out emissions is made between an all-metal single-cylinder light-duty diesel engine and a geometrically equivalent engine designed for optical accessibility. | |
| A FTIR in-vehicle on-road emission measurement system was installed in a EURO2 emissions compliant SI (Spark Ignition) car to investigate exhaust Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) emissions and Ozone Formation Potential... | |
| A fully flexible valve actuation (FFVA) system was developed for a single cylinder research engine to investigate high efficiency clean combustion (HECC) in a diesel engine. The main objectives of... | |
| A gasoline direct injection engine was operated at elevated EGR levels over a significant portion of the performance map. The engine was modified to use both cooled and un-cooled EGR... | |
| A hybrid simulation model in the transient bench was developed to realize the characteristics of the transient behavior and the fuel economy equivalent to that of a real vehicle. The... | |
| A key element of General Motors' Advanced Propulsion Technology Strategy is the electrification of the automobile. The objectives of this strategy are reduced fuel consumption, reduced emissions and increased energy... | |
| A key requirement for the development of safety-critical systems is the correctness of the tools used in their development process. Standards such as DO-178B mandate the qualification of tools used... | |
| A laboratory study was performed to assess the potential of using selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with NH 3 to treat the NO x emissions from lean-burn gasoline engines. A primary... | |
| A major issue in the development of the future engines (diesel or gasoline) lies in the architecture and the control of the air intake system. In this context many setups... | |
| A methodology that enables two-dimensional strain field measurement in the vicinity of ductile rupture is described. Fully martensitic steel coupons were strained to fracture using a miniature tensile stage with... | |
| A model and simulation results are presented for the torsional dynamics of a rear wheel driveline while the vehicle is coasting in a turn. The model includes the effects of... | |
| A modified membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (mMABR) was constructed by incorporating two distinct biofilm immobilization media: gas-permeable hollow fiber membranes and high surface area inert bio-media. In order to evaluate the... | |
| A new camless system (referred to as Hydraulic Valve Control - HVC - system) is in an advanced state of prototyping and development. The present paper aims to support the... | |
| A new strain-based forming limit criterion is proposed to assess the localized necking failure for sheet metal forming simulations when deformation paths deviate significantly from linearity. Different from the traditional... | |
| A new variable valve event and lift (VVEL) system has been developed by applying a multiple-link mechanism. This VVEL system can continuously vary the valve event angle and lift over... | |
| A newly developed approach, Virtual Rig Simulation for exhaust, is introduced in this paper. An OEM exhaust system durability performance is simulated and simulation results are correlated to test results. | |
| A numerical model for a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) is presented. It is based on a spatially 1D, physical and chemically based modeling of the relevant processes within the catalytic... | |
| A one-dimensional (1-D) micro-kinetic reaction model with considering mass transport inside porous washcoat was developed to promote an effective development of multi-functional catalysts. The validation of this model has been... | |
| A predictive model for the mating forces of hand-plug connectors has been developed; it calculates the forces in a connector that has empty cavities instead of terminals in every position. | |
| A primary concern in the design of serpentine belt drive systems is resonant strand vibrations induced from engine excitation. Two analysis approaches to investigate the system vibrational response have been... | |
| A rather complete mathematical model to simulate HD-diesel- engine EUI-system dynamics was developed and applied as a complementary tool of experimentation, for supporting design and performance optimization. The thermo-fluid dynamics... | |
| A recent study of U.S. crash data has shown that children 0-23 months of age in forward-facing child restraint systems (FFCRS) are 76% more likely to be seriously injured in... | |
| A recently improved Arrhenius fuel auto-ignition model was combined with a single zone explicit discrete Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine model in order to investigate a wide range of... | |
| A robust design procedure is applied to achieve improved vehicle handling performance as an integral part of simulation-based vehicle design. This paper presents a hybrid robust design method, the robust... | |
| A satisfactory answer to the future severe normative on emissions and to the market request for spark ignition engines seems to be the use of downsized engines for passenger cars. | |
| A simple two-dimensional particle model was previously developed to calculate occupant ejection trajectories in rollover crashes. Model parameters were optimized using data from a dolly rollover test of a 1998... | |
| A simulation tool has been developed for predicting steering effort of a vehicle during steering power-assist system failure. The vehicle system is modeled with the inclusion of a system-level vehicle... | |
| A standardized measurement setup and definition of compressor surge is yet to be established in the automotive community. As a consequence, compressor comparisons with regards to compressor operating map width... | |
| A study of the impact of the exhaust environment and catalyst composition on the performance of direct soot oxidation catalysts has been performed. In agreement with previous studies it is... | |
| A systematic system engineering methodology to design and analyze a Steer by Wire (SBW) system optimizes the system performance. The proposed system engineering approach along with dynamic system analysis leads... | |
| A task group within the SAE Automotive Corrosion and Protection (ACAP) Committee continues to pursue the goal of establishing a standard test method for in-laboratory cosmetic corrosion evaluations of finished... | |
| A test rig (named RuotaVia) is presented for the in-door testing of road vehicle suspension systems. It is basically a drum (\u03d5 2.6 m) providing a running surface for testing... | |
| A three-dimensional numerical investigation into aerodynamic feature of the turbocharger turbine under pulsating flow conditions is conducted in this paper. Dual time stepping approach is applied to solve the unsteady... | |
| A three-dimensional simulation was carried out for investigating effects of negative valve overlap (NVO) on gas exchange and fuel-air mixing processes in a diesel homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine... | |
| A time-accurate finite element model for predicting the coupled dynamic response of tanker trucks and their liquid payloads is presented along with an experimental validation of the model. The tanker... | |
| A traditional problem with calibration of optimal cam positions is that the calibration usually needs to compromise torque at normal operating conditions on good fuel (ie highest RON/MON) in order... | |
| A two-phase study was performed to establish a standard diesel exhaust composition which could be used in the future development of light-duty diesel exhaust aftertreatment. In the first phase, a... | |
| A variable valve timing (VVT) mechanism has been applied in a high-speed direct injection (HSDI) diesel engine. The effective compression ratio (\u03b5 eff ) was lowered by means of late... | |
| A very general and robust approach to solving continuous-variable optimization problems involving uncertainty in the objective function is through the use of ordinal optimization. At each step in the optimization... | |
| A work-based window method has been developed to calculate in-use brake-specific oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions for all engine speeds and engine loads. During an in-use test, engine speed and... | |
| Acoustic comfort is a key selling point leading vehicle manufacturers to invest money and resources in research activity. As a consequence the localization of internal and external noise sources of... | |
| Advanced engine control and diagnosis strategies for internal combustion engines need accurate feedback information from the combustion engine. The feedback information can be utilized to control combustion features which allow... | |
| After the launch to the ISS (International Space Station) with The Space Shuttle flight STS 118 13A.1 on August 9th 2007 and the accommodation in the US lab Destiny, the... | |
| Although it is intuitively and qualitatively known that a treaded tire has a larger drawbar pull than a smooth tire, little is known quantitatively about all the interfacial forces and... | |
| Although the performance of CNC machines is accurate, unavoidable human errors at the part loading position have serious repercussions on engine performance. In the present paper the authors would like... | |
| Aluminum consumption in automotive applications has maintained consistent growth in the past 30 years and is expected to continue to climb to meet the growing demand for more energy-efficient vehicles. | |
| Aluminum materials are very attractive for lightweight applications. Aluminum usage in automotive vehicles has increased over time as manufacturers search for affordable weight reduction applications and high-performing, low-investment construction methods. | |
| AM-SC1 2x is a high temperature Mg alloy that was originally developed as a sand casting alloy for automotive powertrain applications. The alloy has been selected as the engine block... | |
| Among the existing concepts to help improve the efficiency of spark ignition engines on low load operating points, Controlled Auto-Ignition 2x (CAI 2x) is an effective way to lower both... | |
| An approach for Probabilistic Reanalysis (PRA) of a system is presented. PRA calculates very efficiently the system reliability or the average value of an attribute of a design for many... | |
| An efficient development environments such as Software-in-the-Loop Simulation (SILS) and Rapid Control Prototyping (RCP) have been widely used to reduce the development time and cost of real-time ECUs. However, conventional... | |
| An efficient reliability estimation method is presented for engineering systems with multiple failure regions and potentially multiple most probable points. The method can handle implicit, nonlinear limit-state functions, with correlated... | |
| An eight-group taxonomy was created to classify real-world frontal crashes from the Crashworthiness Data System (CDS) component of the National Automotive Sampling System (NASS). Three steps were taken to develop... | |
| An EU4 compliant vehicle was tested according to the ECE R83.05 procedure, with dilute and speciated modal analysis, on a European EN228:2004 gasoline and 3 South African gasolines, one of... | |
| An experimental analysis is carried out to investigate several heat transfer characteristics during the engine cycle, in the combustion chamber and exhaust manifold walls of a direct injection (DI), air-cooled,... | |
| An experimental investigation has been carried out to compare the indicated performance and heat release characteristics of a DI diesel engine at compression ratios of 18.4:1 and 15.4:1. The compression... | |
| An experimental study has been carried out to examine the influence of ring tan load and piston skirt modifications on piston assembly friction under motored engine conditions for initial temperatures... | |
| An important source for soot formation during the combustion of diesel engines with direct injection is the interaction of liquid fuel or a very rich air/fuel-mixture with the flame. This... | |
| An increasing number of materials with a lower specific density are being used as part of the drive towards lightweight construction. Plenty of tests have been carried out on light... | |
| An unique bonding mechanism was studied after several instances, where the linings stuck to the brake drums on transit buses, were reported. Evidences suggested that the linings were "glued" to... | |
| Another methodology has been proposed by Sharma and Ragsdell to bring about similarity among the three cases smaller-the-better, nominal-the-best, and larger-the-btter by introducing a term called the "target-mean ratio" and... | |
| Any new Mg-alloys for the power train application in the automotive industry should have better elevated temperature mechanical and corrosion properties than the traditional AZ91 magnesium alloy. The price of... | |
| As part of the 1998 Consent Decrees concerning alternative ignition strategies between the six settling heavy-duty diesel engine manufacturers and the United States government, the engine manufacturers agreed to perform... | |
| As part of the evaluation of vehicle simulation models, a vehicle dynamics engineer typically desires to compare simulation results to test data from actual vehicles and/or results from known, or... | |
| As the PM industry continues to introduce new, higher performance materials and processes, a bold new approach to copper infiltration has impacted the use of this mature PM process technology. | |
| As turbocharged diesel engines have evolved to higher brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) levels, with ultra-low levels of regulated emissions, it has become increasingly difficult to match the turbine and... | |
| At the initial stage of injection, the inject flow has not yet broken up and in a range of small atmosphere pressure (16\u223c500KPa), the tip of the inject flow always... | |
| Automatically generating humanlike grasp postures of the digital hand is a key issue for the virtual ergonomic assessment of the industrial products. In this paper we propose a new optimization-based... | |
| Automotive air-conditioning systems employ a refrigerant as the working fluid; however, a portion of oil is discharged from the compressor as part of the compression process and also circulates through... | |
| Automotive pigments consist of absorptive materials which absorb most of the wavelengths of light in the visible range (400-800 nm) except one particular range which gets reflected and seen as... | |
| Bacillus sp . ATCC 29669 was isolated from microbial fallout in clean rooms during the assembly of the Viking Spacecraft missions to Mars, making it a potential contamination concern for... | |
| BAS assists driver's by automatically increasing their braking power during an emergency brake event when the driver is unable to apply a sufficient brake force.. There are two performance requirements... | |
| Base metal/zeolite catalysts, particularly containing copper and iron, are among the leading candidates for treatment of NOx emissions for diesel applications. Even with the use of ultra low sulfur fuel,... | |
| Because of domestic production from renewable sources and their clean burning nature, alcohols, especially ethanol, have seen growing use as a blending agent and replacement for basic hydrocarbons in gasoline. | |
| Because of the wide array of commercial or market fuels in use today, all components, engines, and vehicles must be vigorously tested to confirm emissions performance, driveability and material compatibility. | |
| Biodiesel is a renewable fuel which can be used as a direct replacement for fossil Diesel fuel as a calorific source in Diesel Engines. It consists of fatty acid mono-alkyl... | |
| Biodiesel is mono alkyl ester derived from vegetable oils through transesterification reaction and can be used as an alternative to mineral diesel. In the present research, methyl ester of rice-bran... | |
| Both experimental and numerical simulations were attempted to investigate postural changes of sitting occupants such as seat back pressure distribution and lordotic curvatures of lumbar spine with the different configurations... | |
| Both NVH and durability performance of automotive products are mainly related to their structural frequency characteristics, such as their resonant frequencies, normal modes, stiffness and damping, and transfer function properties. | |
| Car seats with a variety of adjustments and massage systems are available in many cars. It could increase comfort. In a vehicle, particularly a car, it is difficult to increase... | |
| Catalytic converter mechanical robustness depends on maintaining a certain range of mat pressure to firmly hold the honeycomb ceramic substrate from moving inside a catalytic converter during its service life... | |
| Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filters (CDPFs) continue to be an important emission control solution and are now also expanding to include additional functionalities such as gas species oxidation (such as CO,... | |
| Closed-form stress intensity factor solutions at the critical locations of spot welds in four types of commonly used specimens are obtained based on elasticity theories and fracture mechanics. The loading... | |
| Companion empirical and analytical studies were conducted to assess the feasibility and constraints (hardware and combustion perspectives) associated with operating a Spark Ignition Direct-Injection (SIDI) engine on high ethanol and... | |
| Competitive pressures, globalization of markets, and integration of new materials and technologies into heavy vehicle suspension systems have increased demand for durability validation of new designs. Traditional Proving Ground and... | |
| Composites comprising silicon (Si), graphite (C) and polyacrylonitrile based disordered carbon (PC), denoted as Si/C/PC, have been synthesized by thermal treatment of high energy mechanically milled silicon, graphite, and polyacrylonitrile... | |
| Computational approaches have been limited to examining catalytic processes using models that have been greatly simplified in comparison to real catalysts. Experimental studies, especially on emission treatment catalysts, have primarily... | |
| Computational Fluid Dynamics airflow models for the Waste and Hygiene Compartment (WHC) in the U.S. Laboratory module and Node 3 were developed and examined. The International Space Station (ISS) currently... | |
| Computer Simulation was extensively utilized in the design and development of the Active Roll Control (ARC) system on LandRover 4X4 vehicle. An ADAMS model was developed integrating the electronic controller,... | |
| Concerns regarding U.S. dependence on crude oil from politically unstable regions and the impact of fuel combustion on climate change have led to new state regulations and proposed additional federal... | |
| Consumers judge quality and performance at the system level, but important cost-effective decisions at the sub-system or component level must be made by the producer in order to economically satisfy... | |
| Crimping is a fundamental technology that is widely used as a method to permanently connect a terminal and wire in the automotive wiring harness industry. The crimping process involves large... | |
| Current applications of powder metallurgy (PM) aluminum for automotives are predominantly focused on cam caps. Metal Powder Products Company (MPP) pioneered the cam cap production and is the leading producer... | |
| Current die design recommendations attempt to limit the production of burrs through accurate alignment of the upper and lower edges. For common automotive exterior sheet, this translates to a gap... | |
| Decisions made during conceptual design can have a major impact on the success of a design project. However, the inherently imprecise nature of design is a major source of uncertainty... | |
| Detailed exhaust speciation measurements were made on an HCCI engine fueled with iso-octane over a range of fueling rates, and over a range of fuel-stratification levels. Fully premixed fueling was... | |
| Diesel engines are trying to make inroads in North America and growing at a steady pace globally. This article describes briefly the diesel engine and their components. Market growth is... | |
| Diesel equipment owners often desire knowledge of the direct feasibility and impacts of different technologies, retrofits, or fuels on their fleet under their specific operating conditions. This is now possible... | |
| Diesel homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines with early injection can result in significant spray/wall impingement which seriously affects the fuel efficiency and emissions. In this paper, the spray/wall interaction... | |
| Diesel particulate filters are becoming a standard for most light duty diesel applications designed for European EU5 and EU6 regulations. Oxide based filter materials are continuing to gain significant interest... | |
| Diesel particulate filters are designed to reduce the mass emissions of diesel particulate matter and have been proven to be effective in this respect. Not much is known, however, about... | |
| Diesel particulate filters are expected to be used on most passenger car applications designed to meet coming European emission standards, EU5 and EU6. Similar expectations hold for systems designed to... | |
| Digital Human Models enable to evaluate very early a design architecture as they can interact with a digital environment. However, the question of which and how many manikins should be... | |
| Direct injection (DI) of natural gas (NG) at high pressure conditions has emerged as a high-potential strategy for improving SI engine performance. Besides, DI allows an increase in the fuel... | |
| Driveline torque distribution has long been a research topic, and in the last several decades research has been directed towards enhancing on-road vehicle stability and agility through application of controllable... | |
| Due to raising interest in diesel powered passenger cars in the U.S. in combination with a desire to reduce dependency on imported petroleum, there has been increased attention to the... | |
| During metal forming processes such as rolling and forging, deformable manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusions become elongated. Such elongated MnS inclusions can have considerable adverse effects on mechanical properties, if the... | |
| During recent years, the deterioration of greenhouse phenomenon, in conjunction with the continuous increase of worldwide fleet of vehicles and crude oil prices, raised heightened concerns over both the improvement... | |
| During the last few years numerous innovations in advanced driveline control have improved the performance of commercial vehicles. In this context a major goal of driveline control is the enhancement... | |
| Early in the engineering design cycle, it is difficult to quantify product reliability due to insufficient data or information to model uncertainties. Probability theory can not be therefore, used. Design... | |
| Effective and precise torque estimation is a great opportunity to improve actual torque-based engine management strategies. Modern ECU often already implement algorithms to estimate on-board the torque that is being... | |
| Effective helmet performance is a critical component to achieving safe and efficient missions along the entire timeline; from launch and entry events to operations in a micro-gravity environment to exploration... | |
| Effects of high injection pressure and converging nozzles on combustion and emissions of a multi-cylinder diesel engine were investigated. The engine uses a common-rail injection system that allows a maximum... | |
| Effects of methyl ester biodiesel fuel blends on NOx emissions are studied experimentally and analytically. A precisely controlled single cylinder diesel engine experiment was conducted to determine the impact of... | |
| Efforts by vehicle manufacturers to reduce road testing have resulted in an increased reliance on the simulation methods for loads measurement and validation, including increased emphasis on methods to characterize... | |
| Efforts have been made in recent years to develop models that correctly capture the piston dynamics and accurately assess its performance. These models considered the reciprocating motion of the piston... | |
| EGR is a proven technology used to reduce NOx formation in both compression and spark ignition engines by reducing the combustion temperature. In order to further increase its efficiency the... | |
| Ejector Cycle 2x development has been under way to improve refrigeration cycle performance and increase its efficiency in light of global environmental conservation. Ejector Cycle 2x can be applied to... | |
| Empirical results indicated that the engine emission and fuel efficiency of low-temperature combustion (LTC) cycles can be optimized by adjusting the fuel-injection scheduling in order to obtain appropriate combustion energy... | |
| Environment protection issues regarding CO2 emissions as well as customers requirements for fun-to-drive and fuel economy explain the strong increase of Diesel engine on European market share in all passenger... | |
| Environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) was used to study in situ the kinetics and dynamics of CeO 2 -catalyzed soot oxidation at the nano-scale. From time-lapsed ETEM image series, direct... | |
| Ethanol based fuels have seen increased use in recent years due to their renewable nature as well as increased governmental regulatory mandates. While offering performance advantages over gasoline, especially at... | |
| Exhaust emissions were measured under real world urban driving conditions using a set of in-vehicle FTIR emission measurement system, which is able to measure 65 emission components simultaneously at a... | |
| Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is a proven method for in-cylinder NO x reduction. A multitude of scientific work has focused on the temperature-lowering effect of exhaust gases. The disadvantage of... | |
| Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is effective in reducing engine-out NO x emissions; however, the EGR system is subject to fouling and corrosion. Fouling is mainly due to particulate buildup on... | |
| Experimental and numerical studies have been completed on the deformation behaviour of round AA6061-T6 aluminum extrusions during an axial cutting deformation mode employing both curved and straight deflectors to control... | |
| Extensive empirical work indicates that the exhaust emission and fuel efficiency of modern common-rail diesel engines characterise strong resilience to biodiesel fuels when the engines are operating in conventional high... | |
| External aerodynamic simulations are becoming more important because of regulatory pressures on fuel economy improvements and shorter design cycles. Experimental work is typically done on scaled models to get drag... | |
| Fast and accurate characterization of stability regions and operational range with respect to pull-in voltage and displacement is critical in the design and development of MEMS resonators and switches. This... | |
| Fatigue analysis incorporating explicit finite element simulation was conducted on a forged magnesium wheel model where a rotating bend moment was applied to the hub to simulate rotary fatigue testing. | |
| Fires originating in large trucks can be significant in terms of both the potential for personal injury or death and the potential for substantial economic loss of the vehicle and... | |
| Flash boiling conditions, where the fuel is superheated with respect to cylinder pressure, are often found in gasoline direct injection engines. This phenomenon affects the flowrate of the fuel and... | |
| FlexRay is a deterministic and fault-tolerant in-vehicle network(IVN) protocol. It is expected to become a practical standard for automotive communication systems. According to the FlexRay protocol specifications, there are about... | |
| Flow induced by blades tip clearance is important for centrifugal compressor, especially for the high charging ratio transonic centrifugal compressor of vehicle. Based on three-dimensional CFD method, the flow fields... | |
| Following the Columbia accident, the EMUs (Extravehicular Mobility Units) onboard the ISS (International Space Station) went unused for an extended period of time. Upon startup, the units experienced a failure... | |
| For decades, ceramic fiber mats have been used to mechanically support substrates in catalytic converters. Intumescent mats, those that expand with heat, are composed primarily of ceramic fibers, vermiculite, and... | |
| For every leader there are many non-leaders-follower s-who benefit the organization's competitive position. While leaders seem to dominate management research, management thinking, and management practice, in reality, followers permeate all... | |
| For fuel cell vehicles, which have attracted attention in recent years, the prevention of hydrogen leakage is an essential safety issue. Large fuel cell buses will require a large space... | |
| For lightweight construction, besides the conventional lightweight materials like aluminium and magnesium, ultra high strength steels are being increasingly used in the automotive industry. For example the quenchenable ultra high... | |
| For logistical reasons, the military requires that jet fuel (JP-8, F-34) be used in both jet engines and diesel engines. While JP-8-fueled diesel engines appear to operate successfully in many... | |
| For the evaluation of seats under comfort and health aspects by means of a Finite-Element (FE) simulation a detailed static and dynamic occupant model is required. The occupant model CASIMIR,... | |
| For years powder metal (P/M) nickel steel sprockets have been in use in the SUV Transfer Case market. The heat-treated, nickel steel powder metal provides a high strength and high... | |
| From the viewpoint of the global warming restraint, reduction of exhaust emissions from diesel engine is urgent demand. However, it needs further development in combustion control besides after treatment system. | |
| Fuel cells convert a fuel together with oxygen in a highly efficient electrochemical reaction to electricity and water. Automotive fuel cell systems mainly use compressed onboard stored hydrogen as fuel. | |
| Fully Variable Valve Actuation (FVVA) systems enable to employ a wide range of combustion strategies by providing the actuation of a gas exchange valve at an arbitrary point in time,... | |
| Fumigation was studied in a 12 L six-cylinder heavy-duty engine. Port-injected ethanol was ignited with a small amount of diesel injected into the cylinder. The setup left much freedom for... | |
| Future emission standards for Diesel engine will require a drastic reduction of engine-out NOx emissions with very low level of particulate matter (PM), HC and CO, and keeping under control... | |
| Future pressures to reduce the fuel consumption of passenger cars may require the exploitation of alternative combustion strategies for gasoline engines to replace, or use in combination with the conventional... | |
| General Motors' 3.6L DOHC 4V V6 engine has been upgraded to provide substantial improvements in performance, fuel economy, and emissions for the 2008 model year Cadillac CTS and STS. The... | |
| Given the fact that, in an endeavor to achieve the goals of engineering for a trade-off between cleaning up exhaust emissions and maximizing fuel economy, two main paths are being... | |
| Goldilocks is a proposed serial communication protocol designed to find the "sweet spot" in trading off overhead, complexity, throughput, cost, and real time performance. Simple off line analysis of schedulability... | |
| GT-Power, an engine modeling software, is used to study the combustion characteristics of cottonseed, linseed and peanut oils in a heavy-duty direct-injection diesel engine. The fuel properties library in GT-Power... | |
| High EGR rates combined with turbocharging has been identified as a promising way to increase the maximum load and efficiency of heavy duty spark ignition engines. With stoichiometric conditions a... | |
| High-pressure multi-hole injectors are one candidate injector type for closed-spaced direct injection (DI) gasoline engines. In such a system, the spark plug must be located close to the spray and,... | |
| Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) has emerged as a promising technology for reduction of exhaust emissions and improvement of fuel economy of internal combustion engines. There are generally two proposed... | |
| Hydrodynamic torque converter parameter integrated optimization design system is established based on tri-dimensional flow field theory. Design segments such as optimization initial values searching by meanline theory, cascade solid modeling,... | |
| Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, accounting for more than 90% of the molecules and more than 75% of the mass [ 1 ]. However, due to... | |
| Hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines equipped with port fuel injection offer a cheap alternative to fuel cells and can be run in bi-fuel operation side-stepping the chicken and egg problem of... | |
| HyTRAN - Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies for Road Transport, a project under the auspices of the European Commission's Sixth Framework Program for Sustainable Development, should advance the fuel cell... | |
| Improvements to combustion models for modeling spark ignition engines using the G-equation flame propagation model and detailed chemical kinetics have been performed. The improvements include revision of a PRF chemistry... | |
| In 1963, Celentano, Amorelli, and Freeman of North American Aviation described a set of curves as an Index of Habitability that can predict the amount of pressurized volume necessary per... | |
| In 1972, the first SAE paper describing the use of computer simulation as a design tool for automotive air conditioning was written by these authors. Since then, many such simulations... | |
| In 2007, US EPA implemented the rule that the crankcase emissions be added to the tailpipe emissions to determine the total emissions from a diesel engine if the crankcase were... | |
| In a context of a renewable and sustainable progress in the automotive industry where fuel and respect for the environment are in the middle of all concerns, energy efficient tires... | |
| In a previous study, a wide range of gasolines with RON\u223c90 were tested in a single cylinder engine operated in HCCI mode using negative valve overlap, and all were found... | |
| In addition to basic switching functionality, smart power switches mainly provide diagnostic and protection functions, e.g. for short circuits to the load, which makes it all the more surprising that... | |
| In an air-cooled engine, waste heat dissipates from the cylinder, through the cooling fin, to the cooling air. This cooling air is kept moving by a cooling fan in most... | |
| In an effort to shorten and improve the efficiency of the product design process (PDP), Delphi has developed an application specific CFD design tool that helps design engineers optimize designs... | |
| In an optically accessible single-cylinder engine fueled with hydrogen, acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and particle image velocimetry (PIV) are used to evaluate in-cylinder mixture formation. The experiments include measurements... | |
| In automatic transmissions, an open torque converter transmits torque from the engine to the transmission using fluid coupling. Although torque converters are ideal launch devices for automatic transmissions, they are... | |
| In automotive components, filter serves as one of the most significant part of any vehicle. The efficiency and life of the filter plays an important role in determining the optimum... | |
| In February 2004 NASA released "The Vision for Space Exploration." The goals outlined in this document include extending the human presence in the solar system, culminating in the exploration of... | |
| In former high compression ratio Diesel engines a single injection was used to introduce the fuel into the combustion chamber. With actual direct injection engines which exhibit a compression ratio... | |
| In large-scale industrial simulations the numerical prediction of fracture in sheet metal forming operations as well as in crash events is still a challenging task of high social and economic... | |
| In modern society the automobile is an essential companion in everyday life. Be it commuting to and from work or during our leisure time - every week most of us... | |
| In order to develop from feasibility, and validate from first principles control strategies for down-hole directional drilling tools for the oil industry a non-linear, transient coupled system model has been... | |
| In order to evaluate the ventilation characteristics of car interior, a model experiment was performed. Part 1 deals with the air flow properties in a half-scale car model. In this... | |
| In order to improve centrifugal compressor performance predictive capability, an improved recirculation loss model in two-zone modeling system is presented in this paper. The new loss model correlates Reynolds number... | |
| In order to investigate the mechanism of heat transfer on the chamber wall of direct-injection diesel engines, 2-D temperature imaging and heat flux measurement in the flame impinging region on... | |
| In order to make more effective use of simulation, a new evaluation method on pressure loss has been developed. Using this method, the location and amount of pressure loss is... | |
| In order to maximize the cooling performance of road vehicles one must be familiar with and understand the behavior and character of the underhood flow system. Critical features, such as... | |
| In order to produce lightweight, high-strength pistons for engines, the manufacturing process has been changed from casting to forging. However, the strength of conventionally forged aluminum alloys tends to be... | |
| In order to understand premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion, a new combustion model of kinetic-and-turbulen t characteristic-time has been developed. A ununiformity function H (\u03d5)was presented by analysis of... | |
| In recent years, catalyst systems such as a lean NOx trap (LNT) catalyst system and a urea selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system have been developed to obtain cleaner diesel emissions. | |
| In recent years, short-range sensors like stereo cameras, radar and infrared cameras have become essential components of safety systems and user-friendly convenience systems, such as pre-crash safety or parking assist... | |
| In recent years, the design of automotive components and assemblies have resulted in an over-reliance on advanced CAE tools especially the Finite Element Analysis. An emphasis on cost reduction and... | |
| In regenerative braking system of a HEV, the power electronics are controlled such that the traction motor operates as a generator to provide negative torque on the wheels and to... | |
| In relation to further tightening of the emissions legislation for on-road heavy duty Diesel engines, the future potential of cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) as a result of developments in... | |
| In response to the emissions standards for diesel engines, it is essential to have separate aftertreatment devices for controlling the specific tailpipe emissions like HC, CO, NO x , and... | |
| In the "Nissan Green Program 2010", released in December 2006, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. announced plans to offer advanced technology and products to further real-world reductions in CO2 emissions. One... | |
| In the automotive industry, FMEA occurrence ranking is made to a standard such as SAE J1739. The SAE J1739 standard, as does other comparative standards, provides numerical probability criteria to... | |
| In the cockpit of NASA's next generation spacecraft, most vehicle command will be performed via electronic interfaces instead of hard cockpit switches. Checklists will be also displayed and completed on... | |
| In the current study a single cylinder Spark Ignited engine has been operated in Controlled Auto Ignition mode with centrally mounted spray guided direct injection, employing negative valve overlap to... | |
| In the fields of accident reconstruction and injury biomechanics, it is often of interest to know details of an occupant's ejection from a vehicle during a rollover. Current occupant trajectory... | |
| In the present paper optimization tools are used to recommend low-emission engine combustion chamber designs, spray targeting and swirl ratio levels for a heavy-duty diesel engine operated at high-load. The... | |
| In the present study a reduced chemical reaction mechanism for biodiesel surrogate fuel was developed and validated for multi-dimensional engine combustion simulations. An existing detailed methyl butanoate mechanism that contained... | |
| In the present study, a model experiment is performed in order to clarify the ventilation characteristics of car cabin. This study also provides high precision data for benchmark test. As... | |
| In the present work the three-dimensional KIVA CFD code was used to simulate the combustion process in a HSDI diesel engine. State-of-the-art models, including the KH-RT spray breakup model, the... | |
| In the study presented in this paper a single-cylinder Scania D12 diesel engine has been converted to work as a pneumatic hybrid. During pneumatic hybrid operation the engine can be... | |
| In the United States, there are two leading frontal crash consumer information rating systems for light vehicles. The first is the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's New Car Assessment Program... | |
| In this paper a model of the diesel combustion is introduced, which can simulate post-injections for the regeneration of diesel particulate filters. The combustion process is modeled with two phases. | |
| In this paper an estimation method on location of peak pressure (LPP) employing flame ionization measurement, with the spark plug as a sensor, was discussed to achieve combustion parameters estimation... | |
| In this paper the development of statistical metamodels and statistical fast running models is presented first. They are utilized for propagating uncertainties in a multi-discipline design optimization process. Two main... | |
| In this paper the mass reduction potentials of steel and aluminum in automotive applications are compared. In order to determine the mass reduction potential of each material, several applications and... | |
| In this paper the structural design and the manufacturing aspects of the Superbus ( Fig. 1 ) are presented. First the major aspects of the structural design are described alongside... | |
| In this paper, a model-based linear estimator and a non-linear control law for an Fe-zeolite urea-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst for heavy duty diesel engine applications is presented. The novel... | |
| In this paper, an emphasis is put on describing the elastic and plastic deformation behavior of the bolted joint. The bolt material is assumed to be plastic hardening. A nonlinear... | |
| In this paper, based on the research of the first generation of a hybrid electric city bus, principle researches have been offered on the parameters matching of the power-train and... | |
| In this paper, dynamics and stability of an articulated vehicle in the yaw plane are examined through analysis, simulations, and vehicle testing. Control of a vehicle-trailer combination using active braking... | |
| In this paper, we propose the non-holonomic constraint equations for the wheel roll motion when the wheel leans to the road, which are based on the assumption that the wheel... | |
| In this study a dynamic simulation was conducted on a forged steel crankshaft from a single cylinder four stroke engine. Finite element analysis was performed to obtain the variation of... | |
| In this study, a new EGR control technique, based on the estimate of the oxygen concentration in the intake manifold, was firstly investigated through numerical simulation and then experimentally tested,... | |
| In this study, a spray hot-impingement system was set up to analyze the spray characteristics when spray impinged onto a flat hot surface by high-speed photography technology. The angle between... | |
| In this study, an adaptive control mechanism is proposed to design a silencer applying variable volume resonator concept. Transfer matrix method is used to calculate the transmission loss and evaluate... | |
| In this study, fuel ignition timing parameters, in-cylinder pressure and heat release rates, and quantities of major exhaust gas emissions from a diesel engine were calculated using multi-dimensional CFD codes... | |
| In this study, hydrogen was leaked using a nozzle that simulated an actual leak port (with varied materials and diameters), and the possibility of ignition was verified to collect data... | |
| In today's automotive scenario, though Electric power steering system(EPS) is gaining importance,Hydraulic Power steering system is still a common feature in almost all passenger cars in many of the developing... | |
| In-cylinder emission controls were the focus for diesel engines for many decades before the emergence of diesel aftertreatment. Even with modern aftertreatment, control of in-cylinder processes remains a key issue... | |
| In-cylinder flow and combustion processes simulated with the standard k -\u03b5 turbulence model and with an alternative model-employing a non-linear, quadratic equation for the turbulent stresses-are contrasted for both motored... | |
| In-cylinder ion sensing is a subject of interest due to its application in spark-ignited (SI) engines for feedback control and diagnostics including: combustion knock detection, rate and phasing of combustion,... | |
| In-service 1994-2003 heavy-duty trucks were acquired by West Virginia University (WVU), equipped with the WVU Mobile Emissions Measurement System (MEMS) to measure on-road NOx, and driven on road routes near... | |
| Increasingly Automotive OEMs and their suppliers find themselves spread across different continents. This in turn gives rise to knowledge, physical assets and key decision makers also being spread across the... | |
| Increasingly, advanced engine management systems incorporate high speed Digital Signal Processing (DSP) units for analyzing high-bandwidth, in-cycle signals such as those obtained from cylinder pressure, or knock sensors. In order... | |
| Integrated health monitoring technologies are being developed for military ground vehicles to enable condition based maintenance in the short term and prognostic health management in the long term. Technical issues... | |
| It is challenging to perform probabilistic analysis and design of large-scale structures because probabilistic analysis requires repeated finite element analyses of large models and each analysis is expensive. This paper... | |
| It is generally accepted that all postures obtained from motion capture technology are realistic and accurate. Physical props are used to enable a subject to interact more realistically within a... | |
| It is known that the levels of hydrocarbon (HC) emissions from Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines are relatively higher than that of Spark-Ignition (SI) engines because of the lower... | |
| It is well documented that the aerodynamic performance of an open wheel race car is degraded when closely following another car. The greatest performance loss is usually experienced by the... | |
| It is well known that ultra-lean combustion can result in higher thermal efficiency, better fuel economy, and greatly reduced NOx emissions. Accomplishing ultra-lean combustion is very difficult with a conventional... | |
| Laser excitation wavelengths for two-line planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of 3-pentanone have been optimized for simultaneous imaging of temperature and composition under engine-relevant conditions. Validation of the diagnostic was performed... | |
| Lithium-Ion batteries are being considered as a high-energy density replacement for Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) and in the new Plug-In Hybrids (PHEVs). Although these... | |
| Low temperature combustion concept as HCCI is one of the most promising research ways to comply future emission regulations of Diesel passenger vehicles. IFP promoted this concept with NADI 2x... | |
| Low-friction surface treatment technology and machined piston surface that provided high wear resistance was developed for the piston skirt of an internal combustion engine. Conventional low-friction coating materials consist of... | |
| Low-sulfur "clean" diesel fuel has been mandated in the US and Europe. However, quality of diesel fuel, particularly the sulfur content, varies significantly in other parts of the world. Due... | |
| Low-temperature combustion (LTC) strategies for diesel engines are of increasing interest because of their potential to significantly reduce particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. LTC with late fuel... | |
| Making the decision to extend a supply chain into the international market can add value to a company's competitive advantage, particularly for global businesses with local manufacturing partners. This paper... | |
| Many embedded software developers producing C code for automotive applications will be familiar with the MISRA C guidelines. These provide practical guidance in avoiding some of the common pitfalls associated... | |
| Many real world engineering systems are sensitive to temperature, and temperature control is vital to the success and operation of a broad spectrum of engineering applications. This paper investigates the... | |
| Many rollover safety researches have been conducted experimentally and analytically to investigate the underlying causes of vehicle accidents and develop rollover test procedures and test methodologies to help understand the... | |
| Measurements of residual stress in a printed circuit board, which consists of copper foil, silver alloy and thermo plastic resin, were conducted under a thermal cycle. The printed circuit board... | |
| Microgravity tests of flammability and flame spread were performed in a low-speed flow tunnel to simulate spacecraft ventilation flows. Three thin fuels were tested for flammability (Ultem 1000®, 10 mil... | |
| MISRA (The Motor Industry Software Reliability Association) develops practical guidance to assist the developers of safety-related systems in the automotive industry and other sectors in implementing safe and reliable systems. | |
| Monodisperse and polydisperse Sodium Chloride (NaCl) particles were used to calibrate the solid particle penetration for the Volatile Particle Remover (VPR) in a Horiba prototype Solid Particle Counting System (SPCS). | |
| More brain structure specific scaling factors are needed to create more accurate models of the pediatric population for injury prevention research. This study examines the internal structure of the brain... | |
| Most rollover literature is statistical in nature, focuses on reconstructed field data and experiences, or utilizes a very broad pool of dissimilar test data. When test data is presented, nearly... | |
| Motorized shoulder belt tensioning is a new automotive seatbelt technology which has shown promise to reduce automotive crash injuries. The current study was conducted to determine if the Hybrid III... | |
| Nanocomposites are relatively new material made with various polymers and nano-size inorganic or organic fillers. Nanocomposites have a number of advantages over conventional polymer composites, such as excellent mechanical properties,... | |
| Neuromuscular stabilization has been investigated for the human upper extremity. Force perturbation methods have been applied to characterize the human joint resistance. Non-parametric identification was used to derive transfer functions... | |
| Nine crash tests were conducted at various speeds on three vehicles in three locations under conditions that resulted in similar damage. The objective was to study the differences in crash... | |
| Novel combustion technologies, which de-throttle the gasoline spark ignition (SI) engine, show high potential in reducing the fuel consumption. Technologies like variable valve actuation and/or gasoline direct injection, allow new... | |
| Nowadays, multi-body systems theory including bilateral and unilateral constraints is comparatively well established by means of set-valued force laws. Although methods of non-smooth mechanics enable a highly efficient modeling, they... | |
| On-road comparisons were made between a federal reference method mobile emissions laboratory (MEL) and a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) to support validation of the engine "Not To Exceed" (NTE)... | |
| One way to increase the load range in an HCCI engine is to increase boost pressure. In this modeling study, we investigate the effect of increased boost pressure on the... | |
| Ongoing efforts in applying a "high-end" turbulent combustion model (a transported probability density function - tPDF - method) to direct-injection internal combustion engines are discussed. New numerical algorithm and physical... | |
| Optimization of in-cylinder air-fuel mixture preparation in Port Fuel Injected (PFI) engines during all phases of operation is critical for maximizing engine performance while minimizing harmful emissions. In this study,... | |
| Over more than 20 years 50 million LuK dual mass flywheels (DMF) have been produced for use in passenger cars and light trucks. A typical DMF consists of two flywheels... | |
| Over the last decade, diesel engine emissions have been reduced significantly. The Tier II emissions requirements drive very low levels of NOx, PM, and NMHC. Meeting these standards with changes... | |
| Over the past 60 years, chemical companies have been supplying automotive manufacturers state-of-the-art zinc phosphate conversion coatings which, when applied properly to a metal surface promote excellent paint adhesion and... | |
| Over the past decade, the automotive industry has seen a rapid decrease in product development cycle time and an ever increasing need by original equipment manufacturers and their suppliers to... | |
| Over the years Six Sigma has evolved and many creative versions have resulted - Lean Six Sigma, Transactional Six Sigma, and Design for Lean Sigma. Almost everyone in the manufacturing... | |
| Oxidation catalyst performances are studied under HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) and SI (Spark ignited) conditions using a model gas reactor and with natural gas fuelled HCCI and SI engines. | |
| Part II of the paper focuses on fatigue tests of four specific gear steels: SAE 4320 , SAE 8822 , PS18, and 20MnCr5. Fatigue life, S-N curves are experimentally generated... | |
| Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) has shown its potential by combining high combustion controllability with emission characteristics that are close to those of an HCCI engine. In order to get PPC... | |
| Passenger and light duty diesel vehicles will require up to 90% NOx conversion over the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) to meet future Tier 2 Bin 5 standards. This accomplishment is... | |
| Passively activated thermal control valves were developed for use in a mechanically pumped single-phase fluid liquid loop (MPFL) of the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover. A key approach to the... | |
| Performances of a centrifugal turbocharger compressor are investigated and validated in this paper. Based on the validation results, numerical optimizations are performed using ANN and CFD methods. Different impeller geometry... | |
| Pitch-over events are common in motorcycle accidents, and can be caused by impact to the front wheel and occasionally by hard brake application. In either case, the rider of the... | |
| Planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) has become a useful diagnostic for the quantification of in-cylinder flowfield conditions, and in many applications determining the homogeneity of the in-cylinder flowfield is of primary... | |
| Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) represent a robust and accurate solution to study the in-use emissions of combustion engines. The application of PEMS is now ranging from large engines to... | |
| Posture and external loads such as hand forces have a dominant effect on ergonomic analysis outcomes. Yet, current digital human modeling tools used for proactive ergonomics analysis lack validated models... | |
| Power steering systems provide significant design challenges. They are detrimental to fuel economy since most require the continuous operation of a hydraulic pump. This generates heat that must be dissipated... | |
| Product line approaches are well-known in many manufacturing industries, such as consumer electronics, medical systems and automotive [ 1 ]. In recent years, approaches with a similar background have rapidly... | |
| Race cars undergo very quick ride height changes on the track, which are induced by breaking, acceleration, cornering, as well as bumps on the track. It has recently been shown... | |
| Rapid Controller Prototyping (RCP) is an efficient method for design & development of ECU (Electronic Controller Unit) at early stage. Usually, RCP requires firstly performing Software-in-the-loop simulation and then connecting... | |
| Recent experiments and numerical studies have showed that piston geometry has a significant effect on the homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) process. There are two effects generated by the combustor... | |
| Recent pressures on vehicle manufacturers to reduce their average fleet levels of CO 2 emissions have resulted in an increased drive to improve fuel economy and enable use of fuels... | |
| Recently, a new technology, termed 2-way SCR/DPF by the authors, has been developed by several catalyst suppliers for diesel exhaust emission control. Unlike a conventional emission control system consisting of... | |
| Regeneration of diesel particulate filters poses major challenges in developing the particulate matter emission control technology to meet EPA 2007/2010 emissions regulations. The problem areas are multifold due to the... | |
| Regulated emissions, CO 2 -values, comfort, good driveability, high reliability and costs, this is the main frame for all future powertrain developments. In this frame, the diesel powertrain, not only... | |
| Remote operation of continuous mining machines has enhanced the health and safety of underground miners in many respects; however, numerous fatal and non-fatal continuous miner struck-by accidents have occurred. In... | |
| Research focusing on automotive rollovers has garnered a great deal of attention in recent years. Substantial effort has been directed toward the evaluation of rollover resistance. Issues related to crashworthiness,... | |
| Residual stress of an air quenched engine cylinder head is studied in the present paper. The numerical simulation is accomplished by sequential thermal and stress analyses. Thermal history of the... | |
| Robust Design Optimization (RDO) using traditional approaches such as Monte Carlo (MC) sampling requires tremendous computational expense. Performing a RDO for problems involving time consuming CAE analysis may not even... | |
| SAE 8620 and other steels are typically used in the carburized condition for powertrain applications in the automotive industry, i.e. , differential ring gears, camshafts, and transmission gears. Although current... | |
| Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a promising technology for diesel aftertreatment to meet NOx emissions targets in several countries. In established markets such as the US and Europe, zeolite SCR... | |
| Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a viable option for control of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from diesel engines. Currently, copper zeolite (Cu-zeolite) SCR catalysts are favored for configurations where the... | |
| Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is the dominant solution for meeting future NO x reduction regulations for heavy-duty diesel powertrains. SCR systems benefit from closed-loop control if an appropriate exhaust gas... | |
| Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with NH 3 provides an attractive alternative to lean NO x traps for controlling the NO x emissions from lean-burn gasoline engines. This paper summarizes a... | |
| Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx is a promising technology to enable diesel engines to meet certification under Tier 2 Bin 5 emissions requirements. SCR catalysts for vehicle use are typically... | |
| Sequel is the third vehicle in GM's Reinvention of the Automobile and is the first zero emissions passenger vehicle to drive more than 300 miles on public roads without refueling... | |
| Several details of the mechanism of gear lubrication are still in doubt in spite of many decades of study of this subject. The focus of our work is the investigation... | |
| Several plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have recently been made available by conversion companies for laboratory testing. The viability of the technology must be evaluated by dynamometer benchmark testing, but... | |
| Since 1992, Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) has been working on the development of fuel cell system technology. TMC is designing principal components in-house, including fuel cell stacks, high-pressure hydrogen storage... | |
| Since the mid 1980s, NASA has developed advanced waste management technologies that collect and process waste. These technologies include incineration, hydrothermal oxidation, pyrolysis, electrochemical oxidation, activated carbon production, brine dewatering,... | |
| Sintered valve guides are increasingly used in various engine applications due to their superior durability and cost. Typical valve guide materials are low alloyed materials of the type Fe-Cu-C. More... | |
| Software testing for embedded systems is based on a labor-intensive manual process, which often fails to provide the required level of quality. Nevertheless, faults within software systems, especially those which... | |
| Spot welding is the primary method of joining sheet metal for body and structural applications in the ground vehicle industry. A typical automobile may contain over 5000 spot welds. The... | |
| Springback compensation studies on a few selected auto panels from the hot selling Chrysler 300C are presented with details. LS-DYNA® is used to predict the springback behavior and to perform... | |
| Stringent emission standards are driving the development of diesel-fuel injection concepts to mitigate in-cylinder formation of particulates. While research has demonstrated significant reduction in particulate formation using micro-orifice technology, implementation... | |
| Stringent fuel economy and emissions regulations have driven development of new mixture preparation technologies and increased spark-ignition engine complexity. Additional degrees of freedom, brought about by devices such as cam... | |
| Studies have shown that there are a significant number of chemical species present in engine exhaust particulate matter emissions. Additionally, the majority of current world-wide regulatory methods for measuring engine... | |
| Technology has been developed to increase the fatigue strength of powder-forged connecting rods. The fatigue strength of powder-forged materials was increased without adding special alloy components or lowering workability by... | |
| Temperature cycling is a major load for all automotive heat exchangers. A simulation method based on coupled fluid structure simulation was developed to analyze the thermal cycle behavior of the... | |
| Temperature programmed reduction by CO, H 2 , and propylene (C 3 H 6 ), as well as hydrothermal aging in the presence of mixture of NO, HC, CO, H... | |
| The aim of the study is to understand risks associated with a crew member accessing behind the closeout panel or space. Since there is a possibility that a particular closeout... | |
| The aim of this study is to demonstrate the concept of gasoline lift-off spray combustion in which the burning velocity is controlled by the rate of mixture supply to the... | |
| The aims of this work were: the definition of an experimental protocol for foot shape anthropometry characterization through advanced 3D scanning technologies; the assessment of the effects of load and... | |
| The amount and complexity of software in automotive systems is constantly increasing. Today's luxury cars include numerous electronic control units. A large part of the functionality of these units is... | |
| The approach taken in developing embedded software in the automotive field has shifted towards the paradigm of using executable graphical models at all stages of development: from the initial design... | |
| The Aston Martin V8 Vantage represents a new chapter in the company's development. In line with brand image the new product was required to exhibit a powerful and sporty yet... | |
| The basis for this analysis was FARS 1979 to 2005 and NASS/CDS 1997 to 2004. For these years, there were 12,493 cases in FARS where fire was coded as the... | |
| The boundary interference of high blockage models inside open jet test section is studied in three phases. First, a wind tunnel test was performed using a high blockage automotive model... | |
| The Capability Maturity Model (CMM), originally developed as a software process evaluation tool for Department of Defense projects by the leadership of Carnegie Mellon University in the early 1990's, was... | |
| The cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) is an important component of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Its design parameters, including thickness, porosity and permeability, significantly affect the reactant transport... | |
| The challenge posed by the long run times necessary to accurately quantify ash effects on diesel aftertreatment systems has led to numerous efforts to artificially accelerate ash loading, with varying... | |
| The combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a DME fueled HCCI engine were investigated. Different fuel injection strategies were tested under various injection quantities and timings with exhaust gas recirculation... | |
| The complexity of automotive software and the needs for shorter development time and software portability require the development of new approaches and standards for software architectures. The AUTOSAR project is... | |
| The development of an alternative oxygen reduction electrocatalyst to platinum based electrocatalysts is critical for practical use of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Transition metal sulfide chalcogenides have... | |
| The development of hydrogen-fueled vehicles has created the need for established fuel consumption testing methods. Until now the EPA has only accepted three methods of hydrogen fuel consumption testing, gravimetric,... | |
| The development of new types of engines (such as, the 'downsizing' engine) needs new characterizations and understandings of the combustion process inside the combustion chamber. Indeed, the usual turbulent premixed... | |
| The development of the Diesel Exhaust Filtration Analysis system (DEFA), which utilizes a rectangular wafer of the same substrate material as used in a full-scale Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF), is... | |
| The documented availability of electronic stability control (ESC) systems on passenger vehicles is useful in understanding the integration of ESC technology into the North American automobile market. Unfortunately, the sources... | |
| The dramatic change in terms of pollutant constraints for diesel engines, with future Euro-6 regulations for example, will probably require the improvement of alternative combustion modes such as homogeneous combustion... | |
| The durability of a new cost saving frame for the E-Z-GO ST 4×4 utility vehicle is investigated based on known road test data and durability information for the current frame. | |
| The effect of the biodiesel feedstock on the engine performance and emissions is expected to become increasingly important as the emissions regulations become more stringent (Euro 5). This work aims... | |
| The effect of web thickness on emission performance, pressure drop, and mechanical properties was investigated for a series of catalyzed ceramic monolith substrates having cell densities of 900, 600 and... | |
| The effects of an increasing boost pressure, a high EGR rate and a high injection pressure on exhaust emissions from an HSDI (High Speed Direct Injection) diesel engine were examined. | |
| The eigenvalues of an elastic body of revolution, rotating about its axis of symmetry, form a 'spectral mesh'. The nodes of the mesh in the plane 'frequency' versus 'gyroscopic parameter'... | |
| The emissions reduction potential of neat GTL (Gas to Liquids: Fischer-Tropsch synthetic gas-oil derived from natural gas) fuels has been preliminarily evaluated by three different latest-generation diesel engines with different... | |
| The enormous increase of vehicle functions realized through electronic components significantly impacts the communication within the vehicle network. More functions are requesting higher bandwidth; safety applications require a deterministic communication... | |
| The evolution of microstructure in a Mg 3.4%AI-0.16%Zn-0.33% Mn alloy tube was studied during deformation by ring hoop tension testing (RHTT). When the tests were carried out at moderate temperatures... | |
| The experimental findings have revealed that there is a significant stress softening phenomenon for the polymer foams used in vehicle bumpers after they are loaded repeatedly from the raw undeformed... | |
| The Extended Stress-Based Forming Limit Curve (XSFLC) failure criterion has been shown to provide good qualitative and quantitative predictions of failure (necking) in straight tube hydro forming when the on... | |
| The focus of this study was to determine the residual stress and retained austenite profiles for carbonitrided and nitrocarburized SAE 1010 plain carbon steel and to relate these profiles to... | |
| The following computational study examines the structure of sonic hydrogen jets using inlet conditions similar to those encountered in direct-injection hydrogen engines. Cases utilizing the same mass and momentum flux... | |
| The following study presents a combined numerical-experiment al investigation into the impact and injury response of long track speed skaters when impacting the protective boarding around the track. The high... | |
| The following two objectives were set for the development of predictions for snow ingress into the air intake system. To enable snow ingress predictions in the design stage so that... | |
| The goal of this research work is to explore the energy savings that may result from productivity improvement recommendations. The productivity improvement recommendations on setup time reduction and finished goods... | |
| The GREEN-MAC-LCCP 2x [ G lobal R efrigerants E nergy & E nvironmental - M obile A ir C ondition - L ife C ycle C limate P erformance] model... | |
| The hazard analysis for the Stop-Start control strategy of a Micro-Hybrid vehicle with manual gearbox is presented. The strategy allows for stops in gear and in neutral; this leads to... | |
| The high complexity of the interplaying physical and chemical phenomena occurring in Diesel combustion has brought an increasing interest versus experimental and computational fundamental studies. A relevant contribution to the... | |
| The Hydrogen-Balance equation makes it possible to calculate the fuel economy or fuel consumption of hydrogen powered vehicles simply by analyzing exhaust emissions. While the benefits of such a method... | |
| The increased use of biodiesel fuels has raised concerns over the fuel's impact on engine performance and hardware compatibility. While these issues have received much attention in recent years, less... | |
| The increasing interest and requirement for improved electronic engine control during the last few decades, has led to the implementation of several different sensor technologies. The process of utilizing the... | |
| The increasing need for controlled diesel engine emissions and the strict regulations in the abatement of diesel exhaust products lead to an ever increasing use of Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs)... | |
| The inexorable expansion of software in the automotive sector has led to a rapid expansion in the number of programming languages used in system development. C++ is one such language,... | |
| The influence of the inertia properties (mass, centre of gravity location, and inertia tensor) on the dynamic behaviour of the engine-gearbox system of a car is studied in this paper,... | |
| The influences of fluidic X-coupling of hydro-pneumatic suspension struts on the various suspension properties are investigated for a sport utility vehicle (SUV). The stiffness and damping properties in the bounce,... | |
| The injury outcome of a front-front two-vehicle crash will be a function of crash-specific, vehicle-specific, and occupant-specific parameters. This paper focuses on a preliminary methodology that was used to evaluate... | |
| The instrument panels are made to meet stiffness requirements and also interior safety regulation such as head impact test. Nowadays, CAE is widely used to predict the test results in... | |
| The intake and exhaust port design plays a substantial role in performance of combustion systems. The port design determines the volumetric efficiency and in-cylinder charge motion of the spark-ignited engine... | |
| The integration of a Dual Mass Flywheel (DMF) in the conventional vehicle driveline leads to various benefits, and hence today it has established its position in many passenger cars and... | |
| The International Space Station (ISS) has served as an excellent test bed for the implementation and integration of several life support systems, and has offered many lessons that can be... | |
| The International Space Station (ISS) is gaining many new capabilities in 2008. The delivery of the United States Operation Segment (USOS) Regenerative Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) Systems allow... | |
| The International Space Station (ISS) United States Operational Segment (USOS) currently provides a Temporary Sleep Station (TeSS) as crew quarters for one crewmember in the Laboratory Module. The Russian Segment... | |
| The International Space Station (ISS) United States Orbital Segment (USOS) Oxygen Generation System (OGS) was originally intended to be installed in ISS Node 3. The OGS rack delivery was accelerated,... | |
| The introduction of more stringent standards for engine emissions requires a steady development of engine control strategies in combination with efforts to optimize in-cylinder combustion and exhaust gas aftertreatment. With... | |
| The Major Constituent Analyzer (MCA) is a mass spectrometer system that measures the major constituents of the International Space Station (ISS) atmosphere. Experience has indicated that the operating life of... | |
| The majority of all highway-type vehicle (cars, trucks, vans, buses, camping trailers, etc.) fire deaths result from fires caused by collisions or overturns. However, more than one third of these... | |
| The most common automotive drivelines transmit the engine torque to the driven axle through a differential. Semi-active versions of this device ([ 4 ], [ 5 ], [ 6 ])... | |
| The objective of the paper is the characterization of the macroscopic behavior of Diesel sprays by focusing in at the first instants of the injection process at which the spray... | |
| The objective of the present work is to establish a numerical simulation methodology for the pressure loss for air cooling of batteries that can be used in the industrial design... | |
| The objective of this paper is to describe the general methodology used by NHTSA to perform cost-effectiveness analyses and cost-benefit analyses. This general method will then be directed towards how... | |
| The objective of this paper is to develop a comprehensive non-linear finite element model for determining failure behavior of hydrogen composite storage cylinders subjected to high pressure and flame impingements. | |
| The objective of this research is to improve the understanding of unsteady three-dimensional separated flows on bluff bodies. This research focuses on the analysis of the instability and safe maneuverability... | |
| The objective of this research is to investigate the behavior of interacting sprays, so-called spray clusters, under typical Diesel combustion conditions. Visualizations and Phase-Doppler Anemometry are employed to characterize the... | |
| The objective of this study was to develop a test method for heavy-duty HEVs using a hardware-in-the-loop simulator (HILS) to enhance the type-approval-test method. To achieve our objective, HILS systems... | |
| The one-dimensional (1-D) time-domain approach and the three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) are used to predict and analyze the acoustic attenuation performance of three-pass perforated tube mufflers with and without... | |
| The Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) will carry a single science instrument scheduled for launch on an Orbital Sciences Corporation LeoStar-2 architecture spacecraft bus in December 2008. The science objective of... | |
| The paper demonstrates the potentials of a high speed flap installed upstream of the intake valve of a HSDI diesel engine, to control the amount of fresh mixture and its... | |
| The paper describes a new strategy for real-time sensor diagnostics that is based on the statistical correlation of various sensor signal pairs. During normal fault-free operation there is a certain... | |
| The paper describes the design and development of 'Sabre', a 3-cylinder engine encompassing a combination of technologies to realise low CO 2 in a practical automotive application while retaining driving... | |
| The paper presents the estimator design procedures for automotive power train systems based on the adaptive Kalman filter. The Kalman filter adaptation is based on a simple and robust algorithm... | |
| The plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), utilizing more battery power, has become a next-generation HEV with great promise of higher fuel economy. A nearly global optimization based charge-depletion control strategy... | |
| The PM Industry Roadmap prepared in 2001 identified six top-priority research needs for the industry, including one entitled "develop material and processing technologies to achieve 100% density while maintaining dimensional... | |
| The present paper describes the development of a comprehensive engine control strategy for a 5.7 Liter eight cylinder engine with dual exhaust system. The control strategy is torque-based and distinguishes... | |
| The product here presented is a steel-based product developed by ArcelorMittal for weight reduction of vehicles. The driving idea was to combine ease of both steel forming and painting processes,... | |
| The purpose of this paper is to develop the transfer function for the ride and handling performance for military tracked vehicle. This transfer function will be used in placed of... | |
| The requirements on engine components are becoming tougher. On the one hand, the load of the components is increasing due to the optimization of the engines to make them more... | |
| The SAE FCV Safety Working Group has been addressing fuel cell vehicle (FCV) safety for over 8 years. The initial document, SAE J2578 , was published in 2002. SAE J2578... | |
| The SAE J826 H-point machine was designed to measure occupant accommodation dimensions relative to a loaded seat. It has become an intrinsic part of various crash dummy set up processes,... | |
| The selection and configuration of sensors can strongly influence the closed-loop dynamics of a system. Therefore a methodology for finding the best sensor placement is a valuable tool. This paper... | |
| The selection of parameters during friction stir spot welding of Al-alloys and Mg-alloys is discussed. The role of tool rotation speed, plunge rate, and dwell time is examined in relation... | |
| The shifting process always activates some changes of noise quality for its transient characteristics, especially for non-powered-shift transmissions, with which the power from engine is intermitted during the shifting period,... | |
| The source of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and consequently composition and temperature, has a significant effect on advanced combustion modes including stability, efficiency, and emissions. The effects of high-pressure loop... | |
| The systematic networking of engineering product and its underlying dynamic development process forms the solid basis of cross-domain change management and product/process optimization at any time during the development. In... | |
| The theoretical framework and closed-form stress intensity factor solutions in terms of the structural stresses for spot welds under various types of loading conditions are presented based on elasticity theories... | |
| The Third Generation ENose is an air quality monitor designed to operate in the environment of the US Lab on the International Space Station. It detects a selected group of... | |
| The transport sector is one of the major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. This study investigated three greenhouse gases emitted from road transport: CO 2 , N 2 O and... | |
| The turbulent environment experienced by ground vehicles is currently not well understood. Due to this, and other historical reasons, the aerodynamic testing of automobiles is usually conducted in extremely low-turbulence... | |
| The US Army operates in many harsh and demanding environments throughout the world, which are highly corrosive. However, there lacks a basic understanding of the severity of these environments and... | |
| The vehicle's AC system should not be operated in recirculation mode for extended periods of time due to build up of CO 2 inside the vehicle cabin. This is the... | |
| The vision for the future automotive chassis is to interconnect the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical dynamics by separately controlling driving, braking, steering, and damping of each individual wheel. A major... | |
| The Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) instrument has undergone two complete thermal vacuum tests (TV1 and TV2), during which valuable lessons were learned regarding test configuration, test execution, model capabilities,... | |
| The work presented in this paper outlines the development of a simulation model to aid in the design and development of a compliant sprocket for balancer drives. A design with... | |
| There are a number of software-controlled features in today's automotive vehicles to meet the increasing number of requirements for comfort, safety, infotainment and reduced emissions. To meet the growing demands... | |
| There is increasing concern about potential differences in aerodynamic behavior measured in steady flow wind tunnel conditions and that which occurs for vehicles on the road. As tools become available... | |
| Thermal characterization was performed on a vapor compression heat pump using a novel, hybrid two phase loop design. Previous work on this technology has demonstrated its ability to provide passive... | |
| This article describes an AUTOSAR testbench that will be evaluated by the SWAP (SoftWare Automotive Platform) project. It presents the functionality as well as the expected use of the platform. | |
| This paper addresses a proactive product stewardship initiative designed to monitor, manage, and minimize emissions of particular additives used in plastics, including those in automobiles. These plastics additives are brominated... | |
| This paper advances a method of extrapolating, to target populations, inter-relationships in the anthropometry of an existing population database. Previous methods, including those that are based on using proportionality constants... | |
| This paper analyzes the difference in impact response of the forehead of the Hybrid III and THOR-NT dummies in free motion headform tests when a dummy strikes the interior trim... | |
| This paper deals with controller design for path tracking control of intelligent vehicle systems. A two degrees of freedom (DOF) model is developed to represent the motion of a vehicle... | |
| This paper describes a human-in-the-loop motion-based simulator which was built to perform controlled fuel economy measurements for both a conventional and hybrid electric HMMWV. The simulator was constructed with a... | |
| This paper describes a human-in-the-loop motion-based simulator which was designed, built and used to measure the duty cycle of a combat vehicle in a virtual simulation environment. The simulation environment... | |
| This paper describes a newly developed variable valve control system called VEL ( V ariable Valve E vent and L ift Control System), which enables continuous control of both valve... | |
| This paper describes a proton-exchange-memb rane Fuel Cells (FC) system dynamic model oriented to automotive applications. The dynamic model allows analysis of FC system transient response and can be used... | |
| This paper describes a real time application of mechatronics with constructional details along with simulation results. Applications like part tracking and automatic speed control are of interest to the industry... | |
| This paper describes an in-cylinder lean-rich combustion (no-post-injection for rich) switching control approach for modern diesel engines equipped with exhaust-treatment systems. No-post-injection rich combustion is desirable for regeneration of engine... | |
| This paper describes how three-dimensional (3D) solid models are used throughout the product-development process. The products described in the paper are gasoline- and electric-powered golf cars. In the product development... | |
| This paper describes the characterisation of heat transfer in a series of 11 test sections designed to represent a range of configurations seen in production exhaust systems, which is part... | |
| This paper describes the development of a fully 1D and of a 1D-multiD integrated approach for the simulation of complex muffler configurations. The fully 1D approach aims to model the... | |
| This paper describes the methods adopted to improve the image quality of the all-around view system. This system uses multiple vehicle-mounted cameras to capture images of the circumstances around the... | |
| This paper describes the need and solution for minimizing EVA airlock time and depress gas losses using a new method that minimizes EVA out-the-door time for a suited astronaut and... | |
| This paper describes the requirements for and design implementation of an air monitor for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV). The air monitor is specified to monitor oxygen, nitrogen, water... | |
| This paper discusses the measurement of the dynamic centre of pressure (CoP) of a brake pad during a normal braking event using a modified 12-piston opposed calliper. The modifications allow... | |
| This paper evaluates how the fuel consumption of the average new U.S. passenger car will be penalized if engine and vehicle improvements continue to be focused on developing bigger, heavier... | |
| This paper examines the use of camera-matching video analysis techniques to quantify the vehicle dynamics and deformation for a dolly rollover test run in accordance with the SAE Recommended Practice... | |
| This paper explores the accuracy of a planar, impulse-momentum impact model in representing the dynamics of three vehicle-to-ground impacts that occurred during a SAE J2114 dolly rollover test. The impacts... | |
| This paper gives a thorough review of the HC/CO emissions challenge and discusses the effects of different diesel oxidation catalyst designs in a pre turbine and post turbine position on... | |
| This paper investigates flow and combustion in a full-cycle simulation of a four-stroke, three-valve HCCI engine by visualizing the flow with pathlines. Pathlines trace massless particles in a transient flow... | |
| This paper investigates the impact deformation and fracture of a co-extruded multi-layer polymeric material. The material consists of a layer of ethylene vinyl alcohol, EvOH, two layers of linear low... | |
| This paper investigates the opportunity to optimize the parameters of an airline seat for maximum comfort within the confined space available in coach class. A computational model is subjected to... | |
| This paper presents a cost-effective receiver system utilizing dual tuner antenna diversity. There are two modes of operation. In mode 1, the system is in phase diversity where two tuners... | |
| This paper presents a new concept of a partial flow sampling system (PFSS), involving a two-stage dilutor which operates at underpressure, while exhaust is sampled through a capillary. The sample... | |
| This paper presents a new metallic catalyst substrate design that allows an integrated mixing behaviour and flow homogenisation within the substrate. In addition it offers a high mass transfer from... | |
| This paper presents a new substrate for Lean NOx Traps (LNT) which enables high NOx conversion efficiency, even after long-term aging, when using alkali metals as the NOx adsorber. When... | |
| This paper presents a novel technique for the kinematic analysis of planar and spatial open chain systems, called the Incidence and Transfer Method (IT), which is based on the incidence... | |
| This paper presents an integrated simulation process which has been performed in order to assess the riding comfort performance of a vehicle seat system virtually. Present methods of seat comfort... | |
| This paper presents an investigation into the functional robustness of an in-tank fuel delivery system (FDS) used in a saddle type fuel tank application for a high performance petrol engine. | |
| This paper presents how Computational Fluid Dynamics tool can be used for the numerical evaluation of n-butane adsorption and desorption performance in carbon canister. Formula of material balance within activated... | |
| This paper presents quantitative effects of windshield veiling glare on the visibility of targets based on a two part research project. The first part involved measurement and modeling of luminance... | |
| This paper presents the new techniques/methods being used for the rapid vehicle development and system level performance assessment. It consists of two parts: the first part presents the automated multilevel... | |
| This paper provides an overview of the new MISRA publication, Guidelines for Safety Analysis of Vehicle-Based Programmable Systems. It describes a process which needs to be incorporated into a company's... | |
| This paper provides specific guidelines for dealing with the unique business etiquette and social protocol issues in working in culturally diverse teams of Mobility Industry professionals in a geographically distributed... | |
| This paper quantifies the potential of electric propulsion systems to reduce petroleum use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the 2030 U.S. light-duty vehicle fleet. The propulsion systems under consideration... | |
| This paper suggests a scientific approach to designing conservative tests based on computer simulation of the influence of the sources of variations. The idea is to design the conservative test... | |
| This paper summarizes our latest developments in the field of Press Hardened Steel (PHS) based Laser Welded Blanks (LWB). New PHS steel named Ductibor 500P has been developed to enlarge... | |
| This paper summarizes the first seven plus years of on-orbit operation for the Major Constituent Analyzer (MCA). The MCA is an essential part of the International Space Station (ISS) Environmental... | |
| This particular study focuses on four specific gear steels: SAE 4320 , SAE 8822 , PS18, and 20MnCr5. Notched specimens are manufactured from the four materials. Three point bending experiments... | |
| This research aims to obtain fundamentals regarding overall combustion characteristics of pre-mixed and direct injected type CNG fuel inside a constant volume chamber. A visualization technique was introduced to a... | |
| This research focuses on comparing the biomechanical response of the head and neck of the Hybrid III 3-year-old anthropometric test device finite element model and pediatric cadaver data, under flexion-extension... | |
| This study examined methods of machining a microsurface texture on the surface of the rolling elements of a toroidal continuously variable transmission (CVT) for improving the traction coefficient. The microsurface... | |
| This study examines the types of hydrogen leaks that can support combustion. Hydrogen, methane, and propane diffusion flames on round burners and leaky compression fittings were observed. Measurements included limits... | |
| This study was performed to aide in the creation of design requirements for the next generation of space suits that more accurately describe the level of mobility necessary for a... | |
| This summary covers the developments from 2007 in diesel regulations, engine technology, and NOx and PM control. Regulatory developments are now focused on Europe, where heavy-duty regulations have been proposed... | |
| This work analyses the new passenger cars' market of Great Britain during last years. The sales of new passenger cars and a number of parameters, such as kind of fuel,... | |
| This work explores the high-load limits of HCCI for naturally aspirated operation. This is done for three fuels with various autoignition reactivity: iso -octane, PRF80, and PRF60. The experiments were... | |
| This work presents new generation of online inspection systems, developed and deployed in automotive assembly plants, to provide 100%, online evaluation of automotive processes and subassemblies. The presented systems are... | |
| Three Way Catalysts (TWC) contain oxygen storage components (OSC) to enhance HC, CO oxidation and NOx reduction performance under standard operating conditions where there is rapid perturbation of the air-to-fuel... | |
| Through a case history, we report a procedure to age exhaust flexibles on a Road Simulation Bench, in order to reproduce the acoustic failures occurred during vehicle ageing. The bench... | |
| Tire durability can be guided by fracture mechanics, where stress and temperature state in rubber play a key role. The temperature influences the fatigue metrics, such as crack propagation speed,... | |
| To achieve optimal axial and bending crush performance using dual phase steels for components designed for crash energy absorption and/or intrusion resistance applications, the cross sections of the components need... | |
| To achieve permanent, high quality, non-contact marking, automotive manufacturers use laser marking processes. But, the ability to accurately position small characters in a limited space, to recognize the proper parts... | |
| To allow the HCCI vehicles to enter the market in the future, it is important to investigate the combustion deviations and operational range differences between the same research octane number... | |
| To confirm the correct operation and detect the potential errors in the ever more complicated automotive ECU application software are very challenging. This paper presents a new approach to detect... | |
| To counter the adverse impact on the formation of harmful unregulated emissions such as nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAH), catalyst companies and researchers have been developing catalytic coatings that have the... | |
| To improve shift quality of vehicle with clutch-to-clutch gear shifts, a two-degree-of-freedo m controller, including a clutch pressure estimator, is designed for clutch control during the inertia phase of the... | |
| To improve the vehicle diesel engine performance at part-load operation, experiments on sequential turbocharging system used in a vehicle diesel engine are investigated in this paper. The brake specific fuel... | |
| To meet the requirements for lower fuel consumption and emissions as well as higher performances, a "Variable Valve Timing - intelligent by Electric motor (VVT-iE)" system has been newly developed. | |
| Today's vehicle networks are mainly based on the event-triggered CAN-bus. In future FlexRay, which is a TDMA-based bus, will more and more be used for the implementation of safety-relevant real-time... | |
| Torque and performance requirements of Diesel engines are continually increasing while lower emissions and fuel consumption are demanded, thus increasing thermal and mechanical loads of the main components. The level... | |
| Two charge-air cooling turbo-charging systems, named Turbo-Cool and T 2xC, have been introduced. Turbo-Cool employs an air turbine expander/suction-com pressor unit in the intake side and a VGT in the... | |
| Two-dimensional planar imaging and one-dimensional, spectrally-resolved line-imaging of laser-induced fluorescence from CO and UHC are performed to help identify the sources of these emissions in a light-duty diesel engine operating... | |
| Two-mode hybrid architectures with three planetary gear sets and four clutches will bring both flexibility and complexity to energy management of powertrains. In order to take full advantage of the... | |
| Typical factors that contribute to the coast down characteristics of a vehicle include aerodynamic drag, gravitational forces due to slope, pumping losses within the engine, frictional losses throughout the powertrain,... | |
| Typically, automotive embedded microcontrollers will have flash ROM-resident boot (boot loader) software in order to reprogram the application software and/or the calibration data. However, depending on the engineering design and... | |
| Under the background of the increasingly serious global energy crisis and environmental problems, governments and enterprises around the world have paid more attention to the development of a new generation... | |
| Understanding source contributions to ambient atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and toxic chemical pollution is critical to the development of effective mobile source emission control strategies. In this part of a... | |
| Unregulated emissions from a DI diesel engine with ultra-high EGR low temperature combustion were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the reduction characteristics of both regulated and unregulated... | |
| Upper interior head impact safety is an important consideration in vehicle design and is covered under FMVSS 201. This standard generally requires that HIC(d) should not exceed 1000 when a... | |
| User interface and feedback through the Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) and other devices in the passenger compartment is another measure of customer satisfaction for today's cars. With addition of more... | |
| Using optimization to predict human posture provides a unique means of studying how and why people move. In a formulation where joint angles are determined in order to minimize a... | |
| Validation of a child FE model is a great challenge due to the lack of sufficient data for children. In their previous study, the authors have developed a methodology for... | |
| Vehicle front-end geometry and stiffness characteristics have been shown to influence pedestrian lower extremity response and injury patterns. The goal of this study is to compare the lower extremity response... | |
| Vehicle handling and stability are very important at high speeds especially when the vehicle has a weight of about 6 times a normal luxury passenger car as in the case... | |
| Vehicle to vehicle sideswipe collisions may involve contact between a vehicle body and a contacting vehicle's rotating wheels, tires and lug nuts. During a sideswipe collision between a truck and... | |
| Vehicles contain many examples of transversely loaded telescoping structures with overlapped sections, including Macpherson struts, hydraulic and pneumatic shock absorbers, closure actuators, and various powertrain elements such as splined shafts. | |
| Vehicles involved in rollover accidents almost always leave a debris trail. This debris trail is useful for the accident reconstructionist; it assists with identifying the vehicle path during the rollover... | |
| Virtual Product Development (VPD) is a key enabler in CAE and depends upon accurate implementation of multibody dynamics. This paper discusses the formulation and implementation of a large-scale multibody dynamics... | |
| We are witnessing a rapid and ongoing expansion of nanoscience, driven by potential applications in advanced materials and nanotechnology. There is a race to develop techniques that may allow controlling... | |
| We developed a technique to measure oil film pressure distribution in engine main bearings using thin-film pressure sensors. The sensor is 7\u03bcm in thickness, and is processed on the surface... | |
| We have developed a system for automatic deceleration upon entering curves to prevent collisions on tight curves on high-ways. The navigation system is used to determine safe speed negotiating the... | |
| We have developed automotive platforms consisting of several components. Since testing these components takes so much time and will need even more in the future, we have developed an environment... | |
| We propose a model of in-cylinder air mass and residual gas fraction of a turbocharged SI engine with Variable Valve Timing (VVT) actuators. VVT devices are used to produce internal... | |
| We propose an algorithm of predicting dynamic biped motions of Santos\u2122 human model. An alternative and efficient formulation of the Zero-Moment Point (ZMP) for dynamic balance and the approximated ground... | |
| When improving the mechanical properties of a crankshaft by nitrocarburizing, it is important to achieve both strength as well as toughness (straightenability). By designing a material composition to provide maximum... | |
| Whole-body kinematics of the finite element human body model THUMS was evaluated by means of sled tests. A model of a crash test dummy (Hybrid-III 50%-ile) was used to validate... | |
| With increasingly stringent emissions regulations and concurrent requirements for enhanced engine thermal efficiency, a comprehensive characterization of the automotive gasoline fuel spray has become essential. The acquisition of accurate and... | |
| With more and more stringent standards concerning soot mass and number at the tailpipe of Diesel vehicles, the control of Diesel Particulate Filter regenerations is becoming a key feature for... | |
| With stricter emission legislations and customer demands on low fuel consumption, good control strategies are necessary. This may involve control of variables that are hard, or even impossible, to measure... | |
| With the increasing demand for vehicle ride comfort, analysis of roll or lateral vehicle behavior in addition to the bounce or pitching behavior can provide further understanding for ride comfort... | |
| With the success of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and the still uncertain long-term solution for vehicle transportation, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) appear to be a viable short-term solution and... |
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