SAE International Datasheets for Standards and Technical Documents
Standards and technical documents includes standards, codes, regulation, handbooks, manuals, comprehensive guides and other formal publications. Standards, codes, and regulation establish uniform specifications, procedures or technical criteria.
Standards and Technical Documents: Learn more
| Product Name | Notes |
|---|---|
| A 13 L HD diesel engine was converted to run as a flame propagation engine using the HEDGE\u2122 Dual-Fuel concept. This concept consists of pre-mixed gasoline ignited by a small... | |
| A body mount joint is a typical clamped joint that is under severe loading conditions, due to its structural function services as a gateway of load path between body and... | |
| A chemical vapor deposition method for preparing high-quality chromium carbide coatings was developed. The resulting coatings exhibit high adhesion and increase wear resistance of the cylinder piston group components as... | |
| A comparative analysis between three different semi-active suspension control techniques in a full vehicle model of a pick-up truck is presented. Each independent corner of the vehicle uses a Magneto-Rheological... | |
| A conceptual project aimed at understanding the fundamental design considerations concerning the implementation of catalyst systems on outboard marine engines was carried out by Mercury Marine, with the support of... | |
| A controller that fully utilizes the available motor capacity of an electromechanical brake to achieve high closed-loop bandwidth is proposed. The controller is developed based on the time-optimal switching curve... | |
| A D.C. permanent magnet motor powered fan can serve as a cooling package air flow meter. This allows for continuous air flow monitoring during vehicle operation with applications to more... | |
| A diesel engine multi-cylinder valvetrain model including a hydraulic engine braking system was developed. The model can be used for valvetrain dynamics analysis in both engine firing and braking conditions. | |
| A dynamometer test methodology was developed for evaluation of HMMWV axle efficiency with hypoid gearsets, comparing those having various degrees of superfinish versus new production axles as well as used... | |
| A Ford 2.4-liter 115PS light-duty diesel engine was modified to allow solenoid control of the oil feed to the piston cooling jets, enabling these to be switched on or off... | |
| A full-scale burn test of a 1992 compact pick-up truck was conducted to evaluate how temperature distributions changed over time, the manner in which the fire spread, and how burn... | |
| A long standing problem with heavy vehicle stability has been rollover. With the higher center of gravity, heavier loads, and narrower tracks (as compared to passenger vehicles), they have a... | |
| A major decision to make in design projects is the selection of the best technology to provide some needed system functionality. In making this decision, the designer must consider the... | |
| A new highly biofidelic side impact dummy, the WorldSID 50 2x percentile male, has been developed under the supervision of the International Organization for Standardization in order to harmonize a... | |
| A new Squeak & Rattle simulation method was presented at the ISNVH conference 2010 (SAE 201-01-1423). This method, called the SAR-LINE\u2122 method, is based on the evaluation of the relative... | |
| A novel diagnostic technique named a "Tracer-Producing LIF technique" which enables 2-dimensional measurement of an internal EGR within an engine cylinder, has been developed. The main feature of this technique... | |
| A novel method for attenuation of brake judder directly at the source is proposed, utilizing an electromechanical brake to actively compensate for the variation in brake torque that causes judder. | |
| A novel plant modeling method called High Level Modeling (HLM) to design and develop control-oriented plant model is introduced. The HLM method is specifically designed to expose the design intention... | |
| A novel predictable tire model has been proposed for combined braking and cornering forces, which is based on only a few pure baking and pure cornering tests. It avoids elaborate... | |
| A number of promising technologies to perform ground movements without main engines are currently being researched. Notably, onboard ground propulsion systems have been proposed featuring electric motors in the landing... | |
| A numerical method to simulate aeroacoustic fields around automobiles is proposed in the present paper. The proposed method can be used to compute sound emissions directly in both far fields... | |
| A physico-chemical model of a Cu-zeolite SCR/DPF-system involving NH\u2083 storage and SCR reactions as well as soot oxidation reactions with NO\u2082 has been developed and validated based on fundamental experimental... | |
| A principal component analysis of the test track data from the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership Driver Workload Metrics project provided evidence for two major components in distraction during driving. The... | |
| A quasi-dimensional multizone combustion model, that was previously developed by the authors, has been refined and applied for the analysis of combustion and emission formation in a EURO V diesel... | |
| A review of Reynolds number scaling and high Reynolds number simulation for commercial ground vehicles is presented. The supporting data was extracted from published wind tunnel tests, coastdown tests and... | |
| A significant driver for the development of future commercial vehicles is likely to be the introduction of fuel consumption related legislation in various regions around the world. The application of... | |
| A single-cylinder light-duty diesel engine was used to investigate dual fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) operated with two different fuel combinations: gasoline/diesel fuel and methanol/diesel fuel. The engine was... | |
| A theoretical study is conducted to examine the effects of oxygen enrichment of intake air and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on heavy-duty (HD) diesel engine performance characteristics and pollutant emissions. | |
| A three-step process was developed to estimate fracture criteria for a human body model. The process was illustrated via example wherein skull fracture criteria were estimated for the Ford Human... | |
| A tracer-based single-line PLIF imaging technique using a unique optical configuration that allows simultaneously viewing the bulk-gas and the boundary layer region has been applied to an investigation of the... | |
| A two-passenger, all-wheel-drive urban electric vehicle (AUTO21EV) with four direct-drive in-wheel motors has been designed and developed at the University of Waterloo. A 14-degree-of-freedom model of this vehicle has been... | |
| A two-passenger, all-wheel-drive urban electric vehicle (AUTO21EV) with four direct-drive in-wheel motors has been designed and developed at the University of Waterloo. An advanced genetic-fuzzy active steering controller is developed... | |
| A unique concept for a multi-body test rig enabling the simulation of longitudinal, steering and vertical dynamics was developed at the Institute for Mechatronic Systems (IMS) at TU Darmstadt. A... | |
| A wind-tunnel experiment investigating unsteady flow phenomena around a generic notchback during single crosswind gusts is modeled with the open source CFD package OpenFOAM®. The overall objective is to assess... | |
| According to upcoming legislative regulations in certain countries, electric and hybrid-electric vehicles (EVs and HEVs) will have to be equipped with devices to compensate for the lack of engine noise... | |
| Advanced technology heavy-duty vehicles such as hybrids present unique regulatory challenges. Hybrids employ an additional energy source in conjunction with an internal combustion engine for motive power, and the interactions... | |
| After initial trials on Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine design and tests pursuing feedback control to avoid misfire and knocking over wide transient operation ranges, Engineers at the US... | |
| After the realization of very low exhaust gas emissions and corresponding OBD requirements to fulfill Euro VI and Tier 4 legislation, the focus in heavy-duty powertrain development is on the... | |
| Aftertreatment devices are exposed to exhaust poisons from fuel, oil and coolant. Studies on fuel- and lubricant-based poisoning have been widely published. However, diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and catalyzed soot... | |
| Air-conditioning (AC) is an important sub-system in electric vehicles (EVs). AC is responsible for the highest energy consumption among all the auxiliary systems. As the energy is delivered by the... | |
| Aircraft design has mainly changed in the past years, introducing new materials such as CFRP at a large scale. Even if this great change brought many advantages: weight, sustainability, reliability\u2026... | |
| Aircraft-level health management requires effective management of data flow. As future aircraft adopt conditioned base maintenance (CBM) and/or integrated vehicle health management (IVHM) protocols, there is need to manage infinitely... | |
| Airflow over the Ahmed body is simulated by means of the Embedded LES technique. This is a zonal approach which allows the LES turbulence model to be used in a... | |
| All functional safety standards have some definition of "risk" and the automotive standard ISO 26262 is no exception. Risk is related to the exposure, the severity of the outcome, and... | |
| Although many works are published about the achieved advancements in the manufacturing of the catalytic converters (CC) system for vehicle engines and their testing under laboratory conditions, there is a... | |
| Among many NVH problems brake squeal continues to be a difficult topic for design engineers and scientists. Both the experimental and the simulation approaches so far have failed to provide... | |
| Among the many advantages of the hybrid variants of Automated Mechanical Transmissions (AMTs) such as the Dual Clutch Transmission are faster gearshifts and excellent acceleration that comes from reduced drive-train... | |
| An electric servo brake system applied for use on electric vehicles was applied for use on plug-in hybrid vehicles in order to achieve fuel-savings together with good brake feel and... | |
| An electromechanical actuator is presented for the active control of a sports car's rear axle kinematics with a high performance-to-size ratio not available on the market up to now. Toe... | |
| An experimental analysis was executed on a NA (Natural Aspirated) 4-stroke gasoline engine to investigate the potential of exhaust waste energy recovery using power turbine technology for light duty application. | |
| An experimental methodology is proposed to measure the rollover propensity of road tankers when subjected to lateral perturbations derived from steering manoeuvers. The testing principle involves subjecting a scaled down... | |
| An experimental study is performed for homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion focusing on late phasing conditions with high cyclic variability (CV) approaching misfire. High CV limits the feasible operating... | |
| An important metric in the vehicle brake design process, the cool-down time for a brake disk, strongly influences the durability and reliability of brakes. However, the brake cool-down time is... | |
| An investigation of high speed direct injection (DI) compression ignition (CI) engine combustion fueled with gasoline injected using a triple-pulse strategy in the low temperature combustion (LTC) regime is presented. | |
| An ultra lightweight valve lifter made from titanium alloy was developed for high performance motorcycles. A beta titanium alloy that was fulfilling not only higher strength but also cold forgeability... | |
| As a result of recent focus on the control of Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) modes, dual-fuel combustion strategies such as Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) have been developed. Reactivity stratification... | |
| As automakers strategize approaches to sustainable vehicle technologies, alternative powertrains must be considered to reduce future fleet vehicle emissions and improve energy security. These alternative vehicles include different fuels and... | |
| As batteries become a major component of numerous advanced vehicles, significant efforts have been allocated towards characterizing and estimating battery energy capability over the lifetime of a vehicle. Currently, battery... | |
| As part of a system for structural health monitoring, it is required to determine the spatial and temporal distributions of vertical loads arising from heavy trucks driven on flexible bridge... | |
| As speed of ground vehicle increases, there are increased concerns on the aerodynamic drag reduction of ground vehicle. Recently, synthetic jet is emerging as a promising active flow control technology... | |
| As the industry strives to achieve improved fuel economy, stop-start systems for internal combustion engines are receiving additional focus. Studies and system proposals have been made for various electrical configurations... | |
| As vehicle fuel economy continues to grow in importance, the ability to accurately measure the level of efficiency on all driveline components is required. A standardized test procedure enables manufacturers... | |
| As vehicle technology progresses to new levels of sophistication, so too, vehicle test methods must evolve. This is true for analytical testing in a laboratory and for on-road vehicle testing. | |
| At Eindhoven University of Technology an active suspension system has been developed [ 1 ]. This system is superior to other active suspension in terms of bandwidth and power consumption. | |
| Automated Fault Isolation of Intermittent Wiring/Conductive Path Systems Inside Weapons Replaceable Assemblies Wiring/conductive path faults inside Weapon Replaceable Assemblies (WRAs) that result in No Fault Found (NFF) or intermittent diagnosis... | |
| Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) machines typically consist of 3 linear and 3 rotary axes of motion in order to manufacture complex shapes. These axes are generally orthogonal and semi-coupled. In... | |
| Automobile fires account for the majority of vehicle fires and vehicle fire deaths. Fires involving larger trucks resulted in a disproportionate share of vehicle fire losses. Although bus fires are... | |
| Automobile manufacturers have experienced increasing consumer and regulatory pressure to improve fuel efficiency and crashworthiness while simultaneously decreasing overall vehicle body weight. As such, the use of advanced high strength... | |
| Automotive engines and control systems are more and more sophisticated due to increasingly restrictive environmental regulations. Particularly in both diesel and SI lean-burn engines NOx emissions are the key pollutants... | |
| Automotive manufacturers are increasingly demanding for better quality reception from radio designers to provide enhanced audio listening experience for their customers. Audio content can be provided from many sources today,... | |
| Automotive Product Development organisations are challenged with ever increasing levels of systems complexity driven by the introduction of new technologies to address environmental concerns and enhance customer satisfaction within a... | |
| Aviation battery maintenance is continuing to evolve. Much recent effort has been devoted to battery redesign to totally maintenance free or non-maintainable batteries. These batteries are placed into service and... | |
| Avionics systems are complex systems that integrate hardware, communication media, have many interactions with other subsystems, within or outside of the aircraft, and for the system discussed in this presentation,... | |
| Battery packs for plug-in hybrid electrical vehicle (PHEV) applications can be characterized as high-capacity and high-power packs. For PHEV battery packs, their power and electrical-energy capacities are determined by the... | |
| Brake squeal is an elusive problem which has been the subject of investigation for many decades, but there is still a lack of knowledge regarding the excitation mechanisms. New vehicle... | |
| Brake-By-Wire (BBW) is a term used to describe next generation brake systems that rely on motor driven electro-mechanical calipers in place of conventional hydraulic components such as the booster, master... | |
| Burned gas recirculation is emerging as a promising technology to reduce fuel consumption without compromising performance in turbocharged spark ignited engines. This recirculation can be done internally through Internal Gas... | |
| Camless Variable Valve Actuation (VVA) technologies have been known for improving fuel economy, reducing emissions, and enhancing engine performance. VVA can be divided into electro-magnetic, electro-hydraulic, and electro-pneumatic actuation. A... | |
| Carburized parts often see use in powertrain components for the automotive industry. These parts are commonly quenched and tempered after the carburizing process. The present study compared the austempering heat... | |
| Ceramic enamel (frit) is an opaque, decorative border found along the periphery of glass windshields used in passenger and commercial transportation vehicles, as well as, architectural spandrel and decorative glass... | |
| Cold weather operation has been a major issue for fuel cell hybrid vehicles (FCHV). To counteract the effects of low temperatures on FCHV operation, an approach for rapid warm-up operation... | |
| Combustion visualizations were carried out in a constant volume vessel to study the partially premixed combustion of a gasoline-like fuel using high speed imaging. The test fuel (G80H20) is composed... | |
| Compact direct drive in-wheel motors with integrated inverters, control and brakes offer a number of distinct advantages compared to conventional electric drive systems. The most obvious being that the drivetrain... | |
| Competitive aerodynamic performance of a Formula One car relies upon total understanding of the downstream wake of exposed rotating wheels. Sensitivities to the downstream vortices and low stagnation-pressure regions lead... | |
| Constantly lowering emissions legislation and the fact that fuel prices have increased tremendously over recent years, have forced vehicle manufacturers to develop more and more energy-efficient vehicles. The aerodynamic drag... | |
| Corrosion testing and simulation has played a critical role in the development of corrosion resistant automobiles. Much has been learned over a period of time with respect to the automotive... | |
| Cost and robustness are key factors in the design of diesel engines for low power density applications. Although compression ignition engines can produce very high power density output with turbocharging,... | |
| Crankshaft is a dynamic component that copes with elevated alternating stresses. In order to ensure the service reliability, fillet rolling process is being applied. The state of the art empirical... | |
| Current vehicle manufacturers must meet economic demands and design/manufacture more fuel efficient vehicles with increasingly better performance. As a result, they are turning to the use of more non-traditional lightweight... | |
| Cylinder deactivation is a fuel consumption reduction technology for throttled internal combustion engines and other engines with thermal efficiency loss at part cylinder load. Recent production implementations, deactivating fixed sets... | |
| Decision trees have been proposed as a basis for modifying table-based injection to reduce transient particulate spikes during the turbocharger lag period. It has been shown that decision trees can... | |
| Deep-hole drilling is among the most critical precision machining processes for production of high-performance discrete components. The effects of drilling with superimposed, controlled low-frequency modulation - Modulation-Assisted Machining (MAM) -... | |
| Demand for transport energy is growing but this growth is skewed heavily toward commercial transport, such as, heavy road, aviation, marine and rail which uses heavier fuels like diesel and... | |
| Design optimization techniques are widely used to drive designs toward a global or a near global optimal solution. However, the achieved optimal solution often appears to be the only choice... | |
| Development of conceptual drive-by-wire ECU for electric vehicle conversion (EVC) can be designed by means of a low cost and time saving model based process. This is done by employing... | |
| Development of new passenger-car climate control systems that contribute to improved comfort and decreased fuel consumption requires quantitative evaluations of thermal sensation and comfort. Therefore, a new evaluation method of... | |
| Development pace of new embedded projects often requires usage of model-based design process (MBD). More individuals start using MBD without previous experience with tools and new processes. Matlab/Simulink/Stat eflow is... | |
| Deviations between transient and steady state operation of a modern light duty diesel engine were identified by comparing rapid load transitions to steady state tests at the same speeds and... | |
| Diesel engine manufacturers have faced stringent emission regulations for oxides of nitrogen and particulate emissions for the last two decades. The emission challenges have been met with a host of... | |
| Diesel PM is understood to comprise elemental carbonaceous particles, an organic fraction of soluble or volatile hydrocarbons and sometimes a sulfate fraction. The need to measure such diesel PM at... | |
| Digital NVH development has become a common tool for any acoustic engineer. Vehicles in their early development stages are nowadays mainly described and validated as digital models. However there still... | |
| Disc brakes operate with very close proximity of the brake pads and the brake rotor, with as little as a tenth of a millimeter of movement of the pads required... | |
| Distinctly different fire hazards exist within the engine compartment of a transit vehicle and various detection methodologies may be employed to detect fire events arising from these hazards. The engine... | |
| Downsizing and turbocharging is a proven technology for fuel consumption reduction in vehicles. To further improve the performance, electrified components in the turbocharger arrangements have been proposed, and investigations have... | |
| Drifting, a very popular challenge in the recent motorsport, is a cornering technique with large angle of sideslip when rear tires encounter with combined slip over the linear region of... | |
| Driven by worldwide climate change, governments are introducing more stringent emission regulations with particular focus on fuel saving for CO\u2082 emission reduction. Downsizing and weight reduction are two of the... | |
| Dual Clutch Transmissions with dry electromechanically actuated clutches have emerged on the market recently. In order to provide their favorable operation in terms of the clutch torque control, it is... | |
| Due to the influence of energy use on electric vehicle range, latent energy storage options could be used to increase thermal comfort and decrease energy consumption during driving. This study... | |
| Due to the multitude of external design constraints, such as increasing fuel economy standards, and the increasing number of global vehicle programs, developers of automotive transmission controls have to cope... | |
| Durability and reliability performance is one of the most important concerns of a recently developed Thermal Regeneration Unit for Exhaust (T.R.U.E-Clean®) for exhaust emission control. Like other ground vehicle systems,... | |
| During the course of a fire and subsequent exposure to the environment, iron and low-carbon steels oxidize by two mechanisms: high temperature oxidation and atmospheric corrosion. Of particular interest to... | |
| Each component of a drive train generates waste heat due to its limited efficiency. This waste heat is usually released to an air flow guided through one or more heat... | |
| Early implementations of direct injection technology were primarily adaptations of fuel systems to existing loop scavenge carbureted engines that did not leverage the strong interaction between the scavenge flow and... | |
| EcoCAR 2: Plugging In to the Future is a three-year design competition co-sponsored by General Motors and the Department of Energy. Mississippi State University has designed a plug-in hybrid powertrain... | |
| Effective requirements elicitation and management is a common need in supplier-OEM relationships, and continues to play a vital role in all aspects of the product development lifecycle. While traditional methods... | |
| Effective use of adhesive bonding in automotive vehicle bodies requires analytical methods for durability, so that potential fatigue problems and unnecessary overdesign may be eliminated before the physical prototype stage... | |
| Efforts are underway to develop technologies to create a more Energy Optimized Aircraft (EOA). The question becomes how should one define an Energy Optimized Aircraft and how should energy optimization... | |
| Electric power steering system has been widely used in passenger cars to replace hydraulic power steering system. In this paper, a coupled system simulator for dual-pinion electric power steering system... | |
| Electrical and mechanical failures (such as bearing, winding and rotating-diode failures) combine to cause premature failures of the generators, which become a flight safety issue forcing the crew to land... | |
| Electrification and hybridization have great potential for improving fuel economy and reducing visual signature or soot emissions in military vehicles. Specific challenges related to military applications include severe duty cycles,... | |
| Electro-mechanical actuation systems are becoming more common in aerospace applications. Systems that have been traditionally based on hydraulic-mechanical (HM) actuators are now being replaced by electro-mechanical actuation systems in pursuit... | |
| Electronic design on detailed hardware level for automotive safety-related systems requires evaluation of the hardware architecture to cope with random hardware failures. The international standard ISO 26262 - functional safety... | |
| Energy management is one of the key challenges for the development of Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) due to its complex powertrain structure. Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) simulation provides an open software architecture... | |
| Energy-harvesting from vehicle suspensions has attracted a lot of attention recently due to its potential to recover large amount of kinetic energy which is traditionally wasted in oil shock absorbers,... | |
| EPA 2015 Tier IV emission requirements pose significant challenges to large diesel engine aftertreatment system (EAS) development aimed at reducing exhaust emissions such as NOx and PM. An EAS has... | |
| Estimation of the probability of failure of mechanical systems under random loads is computationally expensive, especially for very reliable systems with low probabilities of failure. Importance Sampling can be an... | |
| Ethanol is regarded as the promising alternative fuel for gasoline to meet the strict low emission standard for spark ignition engines. In this study, the spray mixture formation process for... | |
| Experimental studies have been undertaken on a single-cylinder HPCR diesel engine with a compression ratio of 15.5:1 to explore the effect of fuel injection strategy on cycle by cycle stability. | |
| Experiments were performed on a 2.4L boosted, MPI gasoline engine, equipped with a low-pressure loop (LPL) cooled EGR system and an advanced ignition system, using fuels with varying anti-knock indices. | |
| Explicit FE-simulation has become a standard design tool in passive safety development as it can help to reduce the number of vehicle prototype tests, especially in the early project stages. | |
| Fatigue analysis in the time domain using the rainflow cycle counting algorithm is considered the most accurate method for estimating damage. Dirlik's method has been found to be very accurate... | |
| Fatigue, creep, oxidation, or their combinations have long been recognized as the principal failure mechanisms in many high-temperature applications such as exhaust manifolds and thermal regeneration units used in commercial... | |
| Few standard approval tests exist for fire extinguishing systems for commercial vehicles, such as transit vehicles, coaches etc. Therefore, a representative test article has been constructed to evaluate the fire... | |
| FMVSS 226 will become effective on September 1, 2013 with the purpose of mitigating occupant ejections through the vehicle side windows. In order to use deployable counter measures to mitigate... | |
| For most data and telecom fiber optic applications the physical contact (PC) concept is preferred for all indoor and even some outdoor applications. But when these connectors are subjected to... | |
| For over a decade and a half, Toyota Motor Corporation has been developing fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) and is continuing various approaches to enable mass production. This study used new... | |
| For safe and fast refueling hydrogen to fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) at hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs), a refueling protocol is under discussion at SAE J2601 to be a global standard. | |
| Forward Collision Warning (FCW) is a system intended to warn the driver in order to reduce the number of rear end collisions or reduce the severity of collisions. However, it... | |
| From the March/Micra released in 2002 to the LEAF EV today, on-board electronic systems have come to possess bigger software programs and more complexity in the transition to distributed high-speed... | |
| From the viewpoint of reducing the environmental impacts by automobile emission, improving fuel efficiency is essential. That is why automobiles need to be lightened. However, more and more electrical systems... | |
| Fuel Cells provide an attractive alternative to battery powered Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) as they maintain the simplicity of an all-electric vehicle architecture while taking advantage of highly energy-dense fuels. | |
| Gear design is one of the most critical components in the Mechanical Power Transmission industry. Among all the gear design parameters pressure angle is the most critical parameter, which mainly... | |
| Gears are one of the most important parts of any mechanical transmission system, and in order to achieve reliable operation effective monitoring techniques must be employed. Predictive health monitoring (PHM)... | |
| General Motors' (GM) eAssist powertrain builds upon the knowledge and experience gained from GM's first generation 36Volt Belt-Alternator-Star ter (BAS) system introduced on the Saturn VUE Green Line in 2006. | |
| Harmonic Compensated Synchronous Detection (HCSD) is a technique that can be used to measure wideband impedance spectra within seconds based on an input sum-of-sines signal having a frequency spread separated... | |
| Hat sections, single and double, made of steel are frequently encountered in automotive body structural components such as front rails, B-Pillar, and rockers of unitized-body cars. These components can play... | |
| Heat transfer in internal combustion engines is taking on greater importance as manufacturers strive to increase efficiency while keeping pollutant emissions low and maintaining adequate performance. Wall heat transfer is... | |
| Heat transfer is one of the largest causes of exergy destruction in modern engines. In this paper, exergy distribution modeling was used to determine the potential of reduced engine heat... | |
| Heavy-Duty (HD) diesel engines fulfill the current NO x limits by a sophisticated combination of in-cylinder technologies and an aftertreatment system. In the face of current testing cycles with low... | |
| High cycle fatigue tests at a constant positive mean stress have been performed on a Al-Si-Cu cast aluminum alloy. The Random Fatigue Limit (RFL) model was employed to fit the... | |
| High-load HCCI combustion has recently been demonstrated with conventional gasoline using intake pressure boosting. The key is to control the high combustion heat release rates (HRR) by using combustion timing... | |
| High-performance computer architectures for advanced driver assistance systems have become increasingly important in automotive research in the last several years. In order to achieve an optimal and robust perception of... | |
| Hybrid and fully electric vehicles are becoming more common as a response to rising fuel prices and greenhouse considerations. While the benefits of electrification on urban air quality have been... | |
| Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) systems offer significant improvements in vehicle fuel economy and reductions in vehicle generated greenhouse gas emissions. The widely accepted power-split HEV system configuration couples together an... | |
| Hydroplaning represents a threat for riding safety since a wedge of water generated at the tire-road interface can lift tires from the ground thus preventing the development of tangential contact... | |
| Implementation of appropriate safety measures, either from the viewpoint of a vehicle or the society or the infra-structure, it is an important issue to clearly understand the multi-dimension complicated real... | |
| Improvements of vehicle fuel economy may be achieved by the introduction of advanced internal combustion engines (ICE) improving the fuel conversion efficiency of the engine and of advanced power trains... | |
| Improving driving safety and freeway capacity is an indispensable research issue for road vehicles, especially for tractor semi-trailers, which on the one hand exhibit unstable motion modes at high speeds... | |
| Improving idle sound quality as well as reducing idle noise level is increasingly demanded for diesel engines. Therefore, unusual noise occurrence at idle is a serious problem, and the noise... | |
| In 2009 - 2011, a comprehensive project on urban buses was carried out in cooperation with IEA's Implementing Agreements on Alternative Motor Fuels and Bioenergy, with input from additional IEA... | |
| In a previous paper we showed the effects of applying the Divided Exhaust Period (DEP) concept on two heavy-duty diesel engines, with and without Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR). Main findings... | |
| In an attempt to assist pressure sensor algorithm and calibration development using computer simulations, an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) approach was adopted in this study to predict the responses of... | |
| In August of 2011, the US Environmental Protection Agency issued new Green House Gas (GHG) emissions regulations for heavy duty vehicles. These regulations included new procedures for the evaluation of... | |
| In automotive infotainment systems, multiple types of digital audio signals are usually present. Some come from internal sources, such as a CD or USB stick, and some come from external... | |
| In contrast to passenger cars, commercial vehicles exist in many layouts for different customer applications. The Daimler AG provides with their Mercedes Benz Trucks a product portfolio of 6 commercial... | |
| In diesel engines with a straight intake port and a lipless cavity to restrict in-cylinder flow, an injector with numerous small-diameter orifices with a narrow angle can be used to... | |
| In mathematical and mechanical modeling terms, automotive seating is characterized by boundary conditions at the nonlinear contact interfaces. These contact interfaces are subjected to vibro-impacts (slaps) and frictional slips. The... | |
| In order to improve power density, the majority of diesel engines have intake manifold pressures above atmospheric conditions. This allows for the introduction of more fuel, which results in more... | |
| In order to machine a wide variety of materials with a single spindle and setup, a multi-purpose spindle for machine tools has been developed. The spindle achieves both high power/... | |
| In order to use an electric induction motor to power an automotive vehicle, heat occurred in a motor is an important issue. Generally, an induction motor could be operating at... | |
| In our introductory paper on the VEMB system (SAE 2010-01-1222) we discussed the concept of a divided exhaust period turbocharging system controlled by a concentric cam system, and we presented... | |
| In perspective of the incoming CO\u2082 emission regulation, the on-board heat management is becoming even more relevant to assure the engine performance improvement minimizing the impact on the vehicle lay... | |
| In recent years the need for testing, calibration and certification of automotive components and powertrains have increased, partly due to the development of new hybrid concepts. At the same time,... | |
| In recent years, developments in virtual prototyping have gained significant interest. The promise of cost savings and the need for rapid simulations in order to be able to offer various... | |
| In recent years, light weight components have been an area of significant importance in automotive design. This has led to the replacement of steel and cast iron with aluminum alloys... | |
| In recent years, more and more electric components like sensors or actuators are being positioned in hostile environments like those of commercial trucks. Next to the underbody area there are... | |
| In response to the demand to lower CO2 emission, all engine developers face the challenge of drastically reducing fuel consumption. At the same time, they will need to meet future... | |
| In September 2009 the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) published a report that investigated the incidence of fatalities to belted non-ejected occupants in frontal crashes involving late-model vehicles. The... | |
| In the automotive industry, the piezo-based in-cylinder pressure sensor is getting commercialized and used in production vehicles. For example, the pressure sensor offers the opportunity to design algorithms for estimation... | |
| In the case of modern day vehicle control systems employing a feedback control structure, a real-time estimate of the tire-road contact parameters is invaluable for enhancing the performance of the... | |
| In the context of off-road vehicle simulations, deformable terrain models mostly fall into three categories: simple visualization of the deformed terrain only, use of empirical relationships for the deformation, or... | |
| In the designing of bearing to use in internal combustion engines, the author has established an assessment method for needle roller bearing considering the slip ratio of needle rollers when... | |
| In the last few years, some of the computational limitations imposed by the classical Boundary Element Methods (BEM) have been overtaken thanks to the Fast Multipole BEM (FMBEM) which allows... | |
| In the last years engineers have to deal with multiple, often conflicting targets, where improvement of one quantity leads to deterioration of others, therefore it is impossible to obtain simultaneous... | |
| In the past the exterior and interior noise level of vehicles has been largely reduced to follow stricter legislation and due to the demand of the customers. As a consequence,... | |
| In the present study, a fully controlled experimental protocol is used to investigate the difference in milling Invar and HexTool® for composites curing tools. The main difference is the use... | |
| In this paper a three-dimensional time-domain CFD approach has been employed to predict and analyze the acoustic attenuation performance of complex perforated muffler geometries, where strong 3D effects limit the... | |
| In this paper polymer structural foams are being investigated in body structure applications. There are two major polymer foam technologies for structural applications: the well-known epoxy based insert solutions and... | |
| In this paper, a method for directional control of articulated heavy vehicles is proposed. The tractor yaw rate, the tractor lateral velocity and the articulation angle are selected as the... | |
| In this paper, a methodology is presented to study the influence of thermal aging on catalytic DPF performance using small scale coated filter samples and side-stream reactor technology. Different mixed... | |
| In this paper, a new gear preselect strategy of wet dual clutch transmission (DCT) is proposed by delaying the gear preselect to the time near the power shift time in... | |
| In this paper, a transient thermal analysis model for Diesel fuel systems is presented. The purpose of this work is to determine the fuel temperature at various locations along the... | |
| In this paper, an optimal control tracking strategy for a brake-by-wire system is developed and tested on a laboratory setup consisting of a driving motor, clutch and gearbox system, rotating... | |
| In this paper, for the fault-tolerant control of electro-mechanical brakes (EMBs), we continuously estimate several system variables and utilize these estimates to detect faulty sensor outputs. The clamping force is... | |
| In this paper, the authors introduce the spark plug for misfire detection system by ion current. In order to realize high accuracy misfire detection, the signal of ion current must... | |
| In this paper, we will present a torque and angle sensor for use in electrical power steering (EPS) systems. The developed sensor has torsion angle sensing capabilities between the input... | |
| In this project funded by the Bayerische Forschungsstiftung two fundamental investigations had been carried out: first a new N-rich liquid ammonia precursor solution based on guanidine salts had been completely... | |
| In this study we investigated the interaction of short- and long-chain hydrocarbons (HCs), represented by propene (C\u2083H\u2086) and n-dodecane (n-C\u2081\u2082H\u2 082\u2086), respectively, with a state-of-the-art small-pore Cu-Zeolite SCR catalyst. By... | |
| In this study, a closed-loop driver-truck-trailer system model is established with ADAMS/Car. A double lane change maneuver (DLCM) path boundary is set up based on the NATO AVTP 03-160W requirement. | |
| In this study, a procedure for characterizing advanced high strength steel sheets is presented in view of determining the material parameters for constitutive models that can be used for accurate... | |
| In this work, an alternative method is proposed and validated for quantifying the axial performance of a state-of-the-art Cu zeolite SCR catalyst. Catalyst cores of a standard length, with varying... | |
| In-cylinder temperature and velocity fields were quantified simultaneously in an optically accessible, small-bore diesel engine. A technique utilizing luminescence from Pr:YAG phosphor particles aerosolized into the intake air was used... | |
| Incorporation of laser projectors in AFP machine cell controller reduces ply boundary inspection time, on-part course identification and part probing. | |
| Increasingly stringent targets on energy efficiency and emissions, as well as growing vehicle electrification are making attractive the electric recovery of the energy normally wasted through the tailpipe of Internal... | |
| Independent verification of the accuracy of data from Event Data Recorders (EDRs) is useful when using the information to help reconstruct a crash. To this end, the accuracy of the... | |
| Initially used in motor vehicles to convey a specific volume of fuel from a tank to the burner of an engine-independent heater, the range of applications for electro-magnetically driven dosing... | |
| Instrument clusters that display all information on a TFT-LCD screen, also known as reconfigurable instrument clusters, have become the new trend in automotive interiors. DENSO mass-produced the world's first reconfigurable... | |
| Internal combustion (IC) engines fueled by hydrogen are among the most efficient means of converting chemical energy to mechanical work. The exhaust has near-zero carbon-based emissions, and the engines can... | |
| It is rare for an attempt towards optimization at the fleet-level when consideration is given to the sheer number of seemingly unpredictable interactions among vehicles and infrastructure in congested urban... | |
| It is very common that a microcontroller is used in a safety relevant system to acquire data from sensors, process the data and then control actuators. With the shrink of... | |
| It is well known that mufflers attenuate the engine noise essentially through dissipative and reflective effects. There is however another alternative technique for noise attenuation that has not been deeply... | |
| It is widely accepted that the plug-in hybrid vehicle is the most economically viable near-term solution to the petroleum and CO\u2082 problems associated with passenger vehicles. The battery and electrics... | |
| Jacobs Vehicle Systems has been leading the development of engine braking technology for more than 50 years. In order to meet the need for significantly increased vehicle retarding capability, the... | |
| Joints represent potential weak points in the structure, the design of the overall structure tends to follow from the design of the joint. To date, metal/composite joints are general in... | |
| Laboratory accelerated weathering test methods, such as SAE J2527 and JIS D 0205, are used to predict long term durability in the development and approval of automotive coatings. However, recent... | |
| Light duty vehicle emission standards are getting more stringent than ever before as stipulated by US EPA Tier 2 Standards and LEV III regulations proposed by CARB. The research in... | |
| Limiting residual drag torque and fluid displacement is a major requirement of a caliper brake as they are related to the fuel efficiency and the safety of a vehicle. However,... | |
| Low temperature combustion (LTC) in diesel engines can be enabled using a multitude of fuel injection strategies, coupled with the elevated use of exhaust gas recirculation and intake boost. The... | |
| Maximizing the acoustic attenuation is one of the important design criteria of automotive exhaust systems. Although both analytical and numerical approaches exist to evaluate the acoustic transmission properties of exhaust... | |
| Methods for detection of the spatial position and timing of diesel ignition with improved accuracy are demonstrated in an optically accessible constant-volume chamber at engine-like pressure and temperature conditions. High-speed... | |
| Mixing in wall-jets was investigated in an optical heavy-duty diesel engine with several injector configurations and injection pressures. Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) was employed in non-reacting conditions in order to quantitatively... | |
| Mn and/or rare earth-doped xCaTiO\u2083 - (1-x)CaMeO\u2083 dielectrics, where Me=Hf or Zr and x=0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 were developed to yield materials with room temperature relative permittivities of \u0395 r... | |
| Model based design has proven itself as a key enabler to accelerate the development and enhance the quality of embedded software during the last decade. The tools serving the model... | |
| Model-Based Development processes in the automotive industry typically use high-level modeling languages to build the reference models of embedded controllers. One can use formal verification tools to exhaustively verify these... | |
| Models for the convective heat transfer from the combustion gases to the walls inside a spark ignition engine are an important keystone in the simulation tools which are being developed... | |
| Modern day commercial vehicles use Electronic Control Units that are complex. Integration testing of these Control Units as one control system has many challenges. Many of these challenges are met... | |
| More than 44% of all automotive crashes occur in intersections. These incidents in intersections result in more than 8,500 fatalities and approximately 1 million injuries each year in USA. It... | |
| Most types of paint materials currently used for motorcycles contain large amounts of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds). VOCs are environmental load substances, and there is a demand to reduce emissions... | |
| Narrow-channel Heat Exchangers have received diversified research and application interests due to the miniaturized geometry, elevated heat transfer characteristics, and better energy efficiency. Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF) cooling is one... | |
| NASA's Deep Space Network (DSN) uses high-power transmitters on its large antennas to communicate with spacecraft of NASA and its partner agencies. The prime reflectors of the DSN antennas are... | |
| NASA's N3-X aircraft design under the Research and Technology for Aerospace Propulsion Systems (RTAPS) study is being designed to meet the N+3 goals, one of which is the reduction of... | |
| Natural atmospheric radiation effects have been recognized in recent years as key safety and reliability concerns for avionics systems. Atmospheric radiation may cause Single Event Effects (SEE) in electronics. The... | |
| New drive concepts as well as advanced driver assistance systems and revised basic functions belong to the main innovation areas in today's automotive industry. Since thereby more and more electric... | |
| NHTSA recently proposed performance guidelines for visual-manual interaction with non-driving related in-vehicle systems. While a commendable effort to reduce distraction related crashes, in part they seem overly strict. In particular,... | |
| Nitrous Oxide (N\u2082O) is a greenhouse gas with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 298-310 (298-310 times more potent than carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)). As a result, any aftertreatment system that... | |
| Nonparametric models do not require any assumptions on the underlying input/output relationship of the system being modeled so that they are highly useful for studying and modeling the nonlinear behaviour... | |
| Normal and longitudinal dynamics of vehicles interrelates via the normal and longitudinal tire reactions. The normal reactions are supposed to be formed by characteristics of the suspension system and tires,... | |
| Nowadays turbocharging the internal combustion engine has become a key point in both the reduction of pollutant emissions and the improvement of engine performance. The matching between turbocharger and engine... | |
| Nowadays, the use of numerical simulations is an important tool in order to optimize the engine and components behaviors, directly contributing to the emissions and lead-time development project reduction. With... | |
| One of the factors preventing widespread use of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition or HCCI is the challenge of controlling the process under transient conditions. Current engine control technology does not... | |
| One seminal question that faces a vehicle's driver (either human or computer) is predicting the capability of the vehicle as it encounters upcoming terrain. A Performance Margin (PM) is defined... | |
| Operation of spark-ignition (SI) engines with high levels of charge dilution through exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) achieves significant engine efficiency gains while maintaining stoichiometric operation for compatibility with three-way catalysts. | |
| Optical engines of Bowditch design may suffer from distortion of the in-cylinder volume trace due to mechanical deformation from inertial, pressure and thermal forces. Errors in heat release calculation associated... | |
| Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) is a combustion concept which aims to provide combustion with low smoke and NOx with high thermal efficiency. Extending the ignition delay to enhance the premixing,... | |
| Particulate emissions cause adverse health effects and for this reason they are regulated since the 80s. Vehicle regulations cover particulate emission measurements of a model before its sale, known as... | |
| Passenger cars in the United States continue to incorporate increasing levels of technology and features. However, deployment of technology requires substantial development and time in the automotive sector. Prior analyses... | |
| PC-Crash simulations of staged collisions require dozens of parameters describing vehicle and impact parameters. The Collision Optimizer will vary initial speeds and impact parameters to obtain a best fit to... | |
| Pedal misapplication events were examined using police-reported crash data to determine crash characteristics and other contributing factors. The study used police-reported crash data narratives from North Carolina (1994-2009) and included... | |
| Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) operate predominantly as electric vehicles (EV) with intermittent assist from the engine. As a consequence, the engine can be subjected to multiple cold start events. | |
| Polyamide 6(PA6)/hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN) and polyphenylene sulfide(PPS)/graphit e composites have been prepared to investigate the possible usage as battery housing materials. The addition of the highly conductive filler improved thermal... | |
| Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is regarded as a potential alternative clean energy source for automobile applications. Key challenges to the acceptance of PEMFC for automobiles are the cost... | |
| Polymer matrix composites (PMCs) have been increasingly used for high temperature applications in automotive and aerospace industries. Under such conditions, the materials will experience thermomechanical degradation which can cause premature... | |
| Power-split hybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs) employ two power paths between the internal combustion (IC) engine and the driven wheels routed through gearing and electric machines (EMs) composing an electrically variable transmission... | |
| Presented within the framework of this SAE Technical Paper are the highly accurate results of friction experiments, performed upon a floating-liner, single-cylinder test engine with a capacity 0.5 liters and... | |
| Prior studies have shown that fuel addition during negative valve overlap (NVO) can both increase temperature and alter composition of the charge carried over to main HCCI combustion. Late NVO... | |
| Progress in the design and application of the magneto-elastic torque sensor to automotive drivetrain systems has taken the technology from the concept level to the point where it is considered... | |
| Quantifying the independent effects of vehicle weight and size on overall vehicle safety is necessary in order to assess the risks and benefits of vehicle weight reduction. This paper describes... | |
| Rare earths are a group of elements whose availability has been of concern due to monopolistic supply conditions and environmentally unsustainable mining practices. To evaluate the risks of rare earths... | |
| Rational design for fire safety necessarily includes consideration of risk tradeoffs that tend to reduce one risk but may increase another. Traditional engineering design criteria can be supplemented with important... | |
| Reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion was investigated for three fuel combinations: isooctane-diesel, PRF90-diesel, and E85-diesel. Experiments were conducted at 1200 rpm, 160 kPa absolute intake pressure, and fixed total fuel... | |
| Real-world operation of diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs), used in a variety of aftertreatment systems, subjects these catalysts to a large number of permanent and temporary deactivation mechanisms. These include thermal... | |
| Recent advancements in simulation software and computational hardware make it realizable to simulate a full vehicle system comprised of multiple sub-models developed in different modeling languages. The so-called, co-simulation allows... | |
| Recent development has renewed the interest in drivetrain concepts which give a higher degree of freedom by disconnecting the engine and vehicle speeds. This freedom raises the demand for active... | |
| Recently, a number of researches on detecting such inattentive driving have been carried out, and various detection methods have been proposed. In this paper, using driving data which can be... | |
| Recently, a variable flow capacity turbine has become important for automotive turbochargers to satisfy the demands of engine performance and emissions. Especially, a variable nozzle turbine is an indispensable component... | |
| Recently, our research has focused on the weave mode. This is a representative vibration mode of motorcycles and is important when considering maneuverability and stability. In a method of analyzing... | |
| Recently, the development of various driver assistance systems into today's vehicle have increased due to the availability of affordable advanced electronics. With this increase in electronic content on today's commercial... | |
| Recently, there have been many reports about development of Human Machine Interface (HMI) which used a visual or auditory display to improve driver assist. For a motorcycle, it is suitable... | |
| Recently, vehicles with high capacity traction batteries for driving such as Ni-MH, lithium-ion have come to be produced in the world. However, the damage has not been clarified in the... | |
| Reducing friction in crankshaft bearings during cold engine operation by heating the oil supply to the main gallery has been investigated through experimental investigations and computational modelling. The experimental work... | |
| Regression models are used to understand the relative fatality risk for drivers in front-front and front-left crashes. The field accident data used for the regressions were extracted by NHTSA from... | |
| RENAULT aims to become the first full-line manufacturer putting to market zero-emission affordable electrical vehicles and is therefore developing 100 % electric powertrains. NVH problems related to electric machine design... | |
| Research on HEV (hybrid electric vehicle) intracity buses has become a topic of interest because the well-known service routes of intracity buses and the frequent stop/go pattern make the energy... | |
| Rising fuel prices and more stringent requirements in the field of the vehicle emissions such as nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and carbon dioxide will increase the pressure on the engine... | |
| Robust control of combustion phasing in Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines is a well-recognized challenge limiting the automotive industry for exploiting HCCI benefits in mass production vehicles. Real-time model-based... | |
| Sampling-based methods are general but time consuming for solving a Reliability-Based Design Optimization (RBDO) problem. In order to alleviate the computation burden, score function together with the Monte Carlo method... | |
| Seat comfort is driven in part by the fit between the sitter and seat. Traditional anthropometric data provide little information about the size and shape of the torso that can... | |
| Shorter product cycles, a high awareness for comfort properties on the customer side and an increasingly strict legislation with respect to environmental issues make the development of friction materials more... | |
| Similarly as in other branches of lighting, LEDs caused a revolution in the automotive lighting industry. LEDs have been established as a standard light source for exterior signal lighting in... | |
| Since 2011 a particle number (PN) limit was introduced in the European light-duty diesel vehicles legislation. The PN measurement systems consist of i) a hot diluter and an evaporation tube... | |
| Since the driver obtains an important feedback of vehicle dynamics and its braking capabilities depending on a brake performance change, it represents an important aspect of vehicle performance and its... | |
| Some fuels with the same research octane number (RON) have different HCCI engine performance. Therefore RON alone cannot be used for determining auto-ignition in HCCI combustion. The current research focuses... | |
| Stainless steel grades are now widely used for automotive exhaust systems, driven by the need to increase their durability and to reduce their weight. Exhaust Manifolds are subjected to more... | |
| Steer-by-Wire system is capable of improving the performance of vehicle handling and stability, and assisting driving. It becomes a key technique to control front wheel angle and simulate the steering... | |
| Steering wheel vibration is one of the major factors in determining the operator comfort in agricultural tractors. Main sources of steering wheel vibration are engine imbalance, resonance of steering system,... | |
| Striving for sustainable transportation solutions, hydrogen is often identified as a promising energy carrier and internal combustion engines are seen as a cost effective consumer of hydrogen to facilitate the... | |
| Structural panel fasteners have been used in the aerospace industry for longer than the previous half century. This paper presents the new FC43® Panel Fastener with a novel retaining feature... | |
| Successful use of fiber optic interconnects in high-performance platforms and applications depends on viable technologies for their repair and installation. Splicing is often desirable, either to repair a damaged interconnect... | |
| Technological developments in road vehicles over the last two decades have received considerable attention towards pushing the safe performance limits to their ultimate levels. Towards this goal, Active Front Steering... | |
| Temperature measurements during a full-scale burn test of a 2001 full-size pickup truck showed that the fire progressed in distinct stages in both the engine and passenger compartments. Although the... | |
| The 9-meter wind tunnel of the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada is commonly employed in full-scale testing of class 8 tractors. In this configuration the model blocks 10 -... | |
| The aim of this work is to investigate the possibility of heat insulation by "Temperature Swing", that is temperature fluctuation, on combustion chamber walls coated with low-heat-conductivit y and low-heat-capacity... | |
| The amount of energy wasted through the exhaust of an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicle is roughly the same as the mechanical power output of the engine. The high temperature... | |
| The amount of software in the automotive domain is steadily increasing. Different ways of abstraction are used to meet this challenge. One of the most promising approaches is Model-Based Development... | |
| The ample electrical power supply makes brake-by-wire technology more suitable for application in electric vehicles than in conventional vehicles. The fail-safe performance of a brake-by-wire system is a key factor... | |
| The application of Model-Based Development (MBD) techniques for automotive control system and software development have become standard processes due to the potential for reduced development time and improved specification quality. | |
| The auxiliary brake in a commercial vehicle is used to prevent the main brake from rupturing or not working by overheating. Contactless electronic brakes are developed as auxiliary brakes, and... | |
| The benefits of lithium battery systems lie within their high energy density (Wh/L) and high specific energy (Wh/kg). Manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) is an attractive active cathode material because... | |
| The capabilities of various numerical models to accurately account for the onset and development of cavitation in diesel injector nozzles is assessed and evaluated. The numerical predictions of the models... | |
| The causes of injuries suffered by drivers in "small-overlap frontal crashes" (SOFC) were examined. These crashes were defined as ones in which vehicles are loaded outside their longitudinal side members. | |
| The chief goal of engineers studying internal combustion engines is to improve energy efficiency in the face of the increasingly severe global warming and energy issues. Hence, there have been... | |
| The classical definition of reliability may not be readily applicable for repairable systems. Commonly used concepts such as the Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) and availability can be misleading because... | |
| The combination of advanced combustion with advanced selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst formulations was studied in the work presented here to determine the impact of the unique hydrocarbon (HC) emissions... | |
| The combination of increasing performance demands, increasing system complexity, and the need for reduced program development schedule and budget costs in the aerospace industry is driving engineers to increasingly rely... | |
| The conventional A/C cycle develops high pressure refrigerant that is throttled (via a small opening) to low pressure and temperature for cooling an evaporator's airflow. This paper explores the conceptual... | |
| The CRC Fuels for Advanced Combustion Engines (FACE) Working Group has provided a matrix of experimental diesel fuels for use in studies on the effects of three parameters, Cetane number... | |
| The cycle-to-cycle and cylinder-to-cylinder variations that occur in a spark ignited engine create the opportunity for monitoring combustion in real time to provide useful benefits for engine control. Reduction of... | |
| The Deep Orange [ 1 ] initiative is an integral part of the automotive graduate program at Clemson University International Center for Automotive Research. The initiative was developed to provide... | |
| The demand for both reduced fuel consumption and increased performance has resulted in the current trend of downsizing and turbo-charging the combustion engine. This started in diesel engines and is... | |
| The demands for high-performance power electronics systems are rapidly surpassing the power density, efficiency, and reliability limitations defined by the intrinsic properties of silicon (Si)-based semiconductors. The advantages of silicon... | |
| The design and the supervision of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are strongly coupled. The mutual influence between the optimal components sizing and the optimal operating points choice makes the problem... | |
| The desire of the US Department of Defense (DoD) to field new directed energy systems for a variety of applications increases daily. This desire stems from recent advances in energy... | |
| The development of ECU software has been the focus of improvement since its widespread inception in the late 1970's. Since that time, we have seen the transition from assembly language... | |
| The development of virtual techniques becomes more and more important for the automotive industry to allow an acceleration of the vehicle development and the reduction of hardware prototypes. By analyzing... | |
| The Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) is an important technology for the removal of CO and hydrocarbons (HC) from the exhaust of diesel engines, as well as for generating exotherms for... | |
| The diverse and complex requirements of next-generation energy optimized aircraft (EOA) demand detailed transient and dynamic model-based design (MBD) to ensure the proper operation of numerous interconnected and interacting subsystems. | |
| The effective cooling of a two wheeler scooter engine depends on the efficient performance of the cooling fans. In scooters, centrifugal fan with axial air inflow and radial outflow with... | |
| The effectiveness of active vehicle safety systems soars with the advances in on-board electronics that allows increasingly complex algorithms to be implemented. Numerous studies expose statistical results that underline the... | |
| The effectiveness of elements comprising a hybrid electric power generating system was studied. The wind and photovoltaic renewable resources served as integral components of the hybrid systems configuration. A HMMWV... | |
| The effects of cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on a boosted direct-injection (DI) spark ignition (SI) engine operating at stoichiometric equivalence ratio, gross indicated mean effective pressure of 14-18 bar,... | |
| The flapping flight is advantageous for its superior maneuverability and much more aerodynamically efficiency for the small size UAV when compared to the conventional steady-state aerodynamics solution. Especially, it is... | |
| The Flexible Pedestrian Legform Impactor (Flex-PLI) was developed to evaluate the risk of pedestrian lower extremity injuries. However, it has been pointed out that the post-crash kinematics of the Flex-PLI... | |
| The flow in turbocharger compressors and turbines for automotive engine application is highly unsteady in nature, as it responds to the intake and exhaust manifolds of the internal combustion engine. | |
| The focus of this paper is the design and implementation of a series-parallel multiple-regime plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) using a 2013 Chevrolet Malibu as a platform. The University of... | |
| The front rail, as one main energy absorption component of vehicle front structures, should present steady progressive collapse along its axis and avoid bending collapse during the front oblique impact,... | |
| The high global warming potential of nitrous oxide (N\u2082O) led to its recent inclusion in the list of regulated pollutants under the emerging greenhouse gas regulations. While N\u2082O can be... | |
| The Hybrid Electric Vehicle Team of Virginia Tech is one of 15 schools across the United States and Canada currently competing in EcoCAR 2: Plugging In to the Future. EcoCAR... | |
| The importance of friction applications in the field of collision reconstruction is well recognized in published research. However, tire-road frictional drag values (\u03bc-values) are partially dependent on the surface on... | |
| The increasing demand for ground vehicles safety has led to the requirements for effective and accurate vehicle active safety systems, such as Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) and Traction Control System... | |
| The increasing numbers of hybrid electric and full electric vehicle models currently in the market or in the pipeline of automotive OEMs require creative testing mechanisms to drive down development... | |
| The interaction between a combusting diesel spray and a wall at temperatures of 700K and 735K was investigated in a combustion chamber using optical measurement techniques. The temperatures were chosen... | |
| The introduction of piezo-electric sensor on mass produced engines for in-cylinder pressure measurement represents a near future step in order to improve combustion control. Piezo-electric sensors provide pressure measurements affected... | |
| The main functions of excavator are mainly carried out by excavator attachments which are composed of arm and boom. Because the core design factors of excavator such as cost, fuel... | |
| The main objective of this study is to apply a dynamic parameter identification methodology to a double-wishbone type front suspension of a race car. Two methodologies for identification are presented:... | |
| The main target for the development of power sport engines is and will be in future the increase of the power-to-weight ratio. However, the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is... | |
| The main trend in designs of modern automobiles is a widespread use of mechatronic modules and systems. These modules are built as a symbiosis of electric, electronic and hydraulic components,... | |
| The majority of a refuse truck collection cycle consists of frequent Stop and Go events while moving from one household to another. The nature of this driving mission creates the... | |
| The need of weight reduction for fuel reduction and CO\u2082 regulations enforces the use of light-weight materials for structural parts also. The importance of reinforced composites will grow in this... | |
| The need to address environmental challenges by aviation industry is apparently obvious. As evidenced within the industry, it takes a three pronged strategy - more efficient aircraft, improving operational efficiencies... | |
| The new General Motors 2-mode hybrid transmission for front-wheel-drive vehicles has been incorporated into a 2009 Saturn Vue by the West Virginia University EcoCAR team. The 2-mode hybrid transmission can... | |
| The number of elderly drivers has been increasing in Japan with the rapid progress of the nation's population aging. Securing safety for elderly drivers is an important issue in Japan. | |
| The number of full electric and hybrid electric vehicles is rapidly growing [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ]. The new technologies accompanying this trend are increasingly becoming a focal... | |
| The objective of "Experimental Investigation of Light Metal on Out-of-Plane Tearing and Shredding Test (wall thickness less than or equal to 10mm)" is to find solutions to shredding and recovery... | |
| The objective of an engineering analysis - a numerical model and simulation designed to represent a specific manufacturing process - is not simply to determine the behavior and impact of... | |
| The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of a variable intake and exhaust valve timing in terms of opening, closing, opening duration, lift curve and number of... | |
| The objective of this study was to analyze the position of the shoulder belt and adjustable upper anchorage (AUA) relative to the occupant in recent (2011-2012) NHTSA NCAP frontal crash... | |
| The objective of this study was to further validate three previously-developed , age-dependent finite element models representing 35, 55, and 75 year old mid-sized males. The validation was based on... | |
| The optimum driving dynamics can be achieved only when the tire forces on all four wheels and in all three coordinate directions are monitored and controlled precisely. This advanced level... | |
| The paper discusses application of Accelerated Processing Units (APU) in safety analysis and design of safety-critical systems. Specifically, a dependability simulation technique called software fault injection is discussed in the... | |
| The paper examines typical vehicle dynamics models used for the design of car-trailer active safety systems, including active trailer braking and steering. A linear 3 degree-of-freedom (DOF), a nonlinear 4... | |
| The paper presents a simulation approach to Li-Ion batteries based on geometrically resolved electrodes. This means that solid particles and the space occupied by electrolyte are not overlapping but are... | |
| The paper presents an AADL-based toolset for Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) design and integration. It describes activities of IMA system designer and system integrator that are supported by the toolset... | |
| The Pennsylvania State University Advanced Vehicle Team (PSU AVT) is one of the fifteen (15) participating teams at the EcoCAR 2 "Plugging In to the Future" challenge. The team has... | |
| The Pennsylvania State University is one of 16 North American universities that participated in the EcoCAR advanced vehicle technology competition ( http://www.ecocarcha llenge.org/ ). A series-hybrid-electr ic vehicle based on... | |
| The performance of Partially Premixed Compression Ignition (PPCI) combustion relies heavily on the proper mixing between the injected fuel and the in-cylinder gas mixture. In fact, the mixture distribution has... | |
| The powertrain noise of cars has been reduced in the last decades. Therefore in many cases, rolling tires have increasingly become the dominant sources of vehicles' interior noise. For sound... | |
| The present paper investigates possible enhancement of ESP performance associated with the use of smart tires. In particular a novel control logic based on a direct feedback on the longitudinal... | |
| The propensity of brake squeal depends significantly on the vibrational characteristics of disc rotors. In this study, we focused on the differential effects of disc dimensions on the natural frequencies... | |
| The purpose of the study was to distinguish the role of vehicle structure in frontal impacts in published coded National Automotive Sampling System (NASS-CDS) data. The criteria used: Collision Deformation... | |
| The purpose of this paper is to construct the thermal analysis model by measuring and estimating the temperature at the traction contact area. For measurement of temperature, we have used... | |
| The purpose of this paper is to present some innovative techniques developed for an unconventional utilization of currently standard exhaust sensors, such as HEGO, UEGO, and NOx probes. In order... | |
| The purpose of this study was to determine if quasi-static (QS) bumper force-deformation (F-D) data could be used in a low-speed bumper-to-bumper simulation model ( 1 ) in order to... | |
| The recent adoption of the ISO26262 Functional Safety Standard has lead to the need for a greater degree of rigor in the technical, organizational and process aspects of electronic ECU... | |
| The remarkable evolution of the gas turbine engine has made the world much smaller and provided power for worldwide use. I often think of growing up in a farm environment,... | |
| The requirements of suspension systems have become increasingly complex in recent years due to the expansion of global markets and diversification of the conditions under which vehicles are used in... | |
| The research presented in this paper focuses on the effects of downsizing the electric motor drive of a fully electric vehicle through the adoption of a multiple-speed transmission system. The... | |
| The results of a series of tests were performed that are used to investigate the contribution of aerodynamic noise to lower frequency passenger car interior and exterior cruise noise levels. | |
| The results of a technology verification study are presented. The study focused on undercarriage aerodynamic drag reduction devices that improve the operational fuel economy of tractor-trailer vehicles and increase undercarriage... | |
| The Reverse Braking Assist (RBA) feature is designed to automatically activate full braking in a backing vehicle. When this feature activates, a backing vehicle is suddenly stopped or may slide... | |
| The role of acoustic cavity modes in vehicle NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) development is well established in the automotive industry today. Prior knowledge of these modes can help prevent... | |
| The Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is a promising approach to meet future legislation regarding the nitric oxide emissions of diesel engines. In automotive applications a liquid urea-water solution (UWS) is... | |
| The simulation of heat exchanger air flow characteristics in a sub-scale wind tunnel test requires an accurate representation of the full-scale pressure drop across the element. In practice this is... | |
| The spark ignition (SI) engine has been known to exhibit several different abnormal combustion phenomena, such as knock or pre-ignition, which have been addressed with improved engine design or control... | |
| The sustainable use of energy and the reduction of pollutant emissions are main concerns of the automotive industry. In this context, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) offer significant improvements in the... | |
| The ThyssenKrupp InCar Project is a comprehensive R&D development that gives automotive manufacturers modular solution kits for body, chassis and powertrain applications. The solution kits developed within this project offer... | |
| The tractor trailer models discussed in this paper were for a real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation to test heavy truck electronic stability control (ESC) systems [ 1 ]. The accuracy of... | |
| The two primary wire construction types being used in military aircraft today are cross-linked Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene (XL-ETFE) and composite fluoropolymer / polyimide tape wrap with an outer Polytetrafluoroethyl ene (PTFE)... | |
| The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) contracted with FEV, Inc. to estimate the per-vehicle cost of employing selected advanced efficiency-improving technologies in light-duty motor vehicles. The development of transparent, reliable... | |
| The Unitary HPAC (Heat Pump Air Conditioner) System has been developed to enable a heat pump system in passenger vehicles. Unitary HPAC uses technology of reversing the coolant instead of... | |
| The University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT) is the home of the General Motors of Canada Automotive Centre of Excellence (ACE), a university owned and operated facility that is... | |
| The University of Tennessee, Knoxville's (UTK) EcoCAR 2 team chose to develop a Plug-In Series-Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle that will utilize E-85 fuel. The architecture will be integrated into a... | |
| The use of advanced battery tools substantially improves both ergonomics and quality in aircraft assembly. The Atlas Copco STB family of tools has built-in transducers, which allows the tool to... | |
| The utilization of converter interfaces has the potential to significantly alter the protection system design requirements in future aircraft platforms. However, the impact these converters will have can vary widely,... | |
| The variable valve lift and duration (in the following: VVLD) devices, some have been mass-produced already in the world, are necessary to be assembled with the variable cam phaser (in... | |
| The vehicle driving cycles affect the performance of a hybrid vehicle control strategy, as a result, the overall performance of the vehicle, such as fuel consumption and emission. By identifying... | |
| There are several relatively new certification standards related to Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) certification that have recently been invoked by the certification authorities. These standards include SAE ARP-4754A, Guidelines for... | |
| There have been several recent articles published concerning the effect of a tire tread separation on vehicle handling, but lately the literature has been silent on the situation where a... | |
| There is a limited amount of data currently available on the acceleration and braking performances of school buses. This paper analyzes the braking performance of various Type A and Type... | |
| There is little agreement in the field of driving safety as to how to define cognitive distraction, much less how to measure it. Without a definition and metric, it is... | |
| This article deals with application of turbulent jet ignition technique to heavy duty multi-cylinder natural gas engine for mobile application. Pre-chamber spark plugs are identified as a promising means of... | |
| This contribution is focused on an investigation of two well-known techniques, i.e. the modified Atkinson working cycle with a late intake valve closing (LIVC) and the Miller working cycle with... | |
| This paper addresses the issues of data reduction, visualization, clustering and classification for fault diagnosis and prognosis of the Liquid Cooling System (LCS) in an aircraft. LCS is a cooling... | |
| This paper considers an application of reference governor (RG) to automotive diesel aftertreatment temperature control. Recently, regulations on vehicle emissions have become more stringent, and engine hardware and software are... | |
| This paper contains an analysis of the potential safety benefits of electronic stability control (ESC) for single unit trucks and tractor semitrailers within the U.S. operating environment. It is based... | |
| This paper deals with creep groan noise in vehicles which is a low frequency vibration problem at 20\u223c500Hz that appears in low brake pressures and extremely low speed especially in... | |
| This paper describes a functionality and test results of moving object detection based on vision system. Moving object detection is realized by just adding image processing software to the vision... | |
| This paper describes a method to estimate the engine stop position using any production style crank position sensor, while accounting for possible engine rock-back. The approach is based on modeling... | |
| This paper describes advances in variable speed supercharging, including benefits for both fuel economy and low speed torque improvement. This work is an extension of the work described in SAE... | |
| This paper describes that the effect of surface texture of sealing lip on lubrication and sealing performance examined experimentally on practical aspect. Hub seals of PAC type were used in... | |
| This paper describes the correlation of a person's age to the risk of injury occurrence and the corresponding injury severity in traffic accidents. A representative sample of belted drivers was... | |
| This paper describes the development of a compact and low cost millimeter wave doppler radar sensor (77 GHz band), which can measure the vehicle ground speed precisely. The sensor has... | |
| This paper describes the evolution in diesel engine SCR technology used on tractors \u227b130 kW. Details on the SCR technology evolution from Tier 3 to Tier 4 interim are disclosed. | |
| This paper describes the mechanical design of a Suspension Parameter Identification Device and Evaluation Rig (SPIDER) for wheeled military vehicles. This is a facility used to measure quasi-static suspension and... | |
| This paper discusses observability of the vehicle states using different sensor configurations as well as fault-tolerant estimation of these states. The optimality of the sensor configurations is assessed through different... | |
| This paper discusses simplified lumped parameter thermal modeling of power train components. In particular, it discusses the tradeoff between model complexity and the ability to correlate the predicted temperatures and... | |
| This paper documents the development of a novel CNC metal forming process called "Stretch roll forming". It is an extension of the three roll forming (or slip-roll) process, wherein many... | |
| This paper evaluates the effect of our new alternator concept for a conventional vehicle, which is able to generate electricity by storing kinetic energy of the vehicle in the high... | |
| This paper examines the onset of brake noise and the mechanisms involved during the initial stages of noise occurrence. The emphasis is directed towards disc mode coupling and improvements are... | |
| This paper explores a novel structural design concept for a demonstrator of a high altitude photovoltaic feeder airship. The presented structural design concept aims to minimize the use of strategic... | |
| This paper explores tire placement with given tread depths on vehicles from two distinct perspectives. The first area explored is an analysis of crash data recently reported by the National... | |
| This paper focuses on the engine design portion of the Advanced Combustion Controls Enabling Systems and Solutions (ACCESS) project, a joint research project partially funded by a Department of Energy... | |
| This paper introduces a methodology to calculate confidence bounds for a normal and Weibull distribution using Monte Carlo pivotal statistics. As an example, a ready-to-use lookup table to calculate one-sided... | |
| This paper introduces a novel method for an electric power generation system (EPGS) employing a lead-unity-lag (LUL) permanent-magnet (PM) generator operation for a direct current (DC) power distribution bus. In... | |
| This paper investigates the performance of digital implementation of dual antenna phase diversity system utilizing the Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA) and Maximal Ratio Combiner (MRC) and proposes a two -antenna... | |
| This paper outlines power system architecture trades performed on the N3-X hybrid wing body aircraft concept under NASA's Research and Technology for Aerospace Propulsion (RTAPS) study effort. The purpose of... | |
| This paper outlines the development of a simulation-based process for assessing the handling performance of a given set of tires on a specific vehicle. Based on force and moment data,... | |
| This paper presents a feedback linearization control technique as applied to a Roll Simulator. The purpose of the Roll Simulator is to reproduce in-field rollovers of ROVs and study occupant... | |
| This paper presents a low-cost path for extending the range of small urban pure electric vehicles by hydraulic hybridization. Energy management strategies are investigated to improve the electric range, component... | |
| This paper presents a method of calculating temperature field of the piston by using a wavelet neural network (WNN) to identify the unknown boundary conditions. Because of the complexity of... | |
| This paper presents a new methodology for the safety assessment of complex software intensive systems such as is envisioned for the coming major upgrade of the air traffic management system... | |
| This paper presents a numerical study on the impact of washcoat diffusion on the overall conversion performance of catalytic converters. A comprehensive transient 1D pore diffusion reaction model is embedded... | |
| This paper presents a practical and straightforward method of identifying geometry parameters of a cam-like lever-based electromechanical dual-clutch actuator, with application to actuator dynamics model parameterization. The lever-based actuator resembles... | |
| This paper presents a technical and financial analysis of several, potentially near-zero greenhouse gas emission passenger vehicles for Australian driving conditions. Conventional, series hybrid, plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and fully electric... | |
| This paper presents an assessment of competing algorithms for normalizing volume levels between tracks and/or sources in an automotive infotainment system. Portable media players such as smartphones and iPod 2x... | |
| This paper presents an experimental, numerical and theoretical study of the performance of the same spark ignition engine running on four different gaseous fuels: hydrogen, two synthesis gases and natural... | |
| This paper presents simulations for the prediction of the flow around a passenger vehicle. The flow solver used is ISIS-CFD developed by the Numerical Modeling Group of the Fluid Mechanics... | |
| This paper presents the design and evaluation of an emergency driving support (EDS) algorithm. The control objective is to assist driver's collision avoidance maneuver to overcome a hazardous situation. To... | |
| This paper presents the implementation of an off-line optimized torque vectoring controller on an electric-drive vehicle with four in-wheel motors for driver assistance and handling performance enhancement. The controller takes... | |
| This paper presents the new Hydrogen Fire-safe Airship system that overcomes the limitations present in previous airships designs of that kind, when considering their functioning at advanced operative position. Hydrogen... | |
| This paper presents the numerical validation of the impact response of a hot formed B-pillar component with tailored properties. A laboratory-scale B-pillar tool is considered with integral heating and cooling... | |
| This paper presents the results of experimental and numerical investigations on pre-ignition in a series-production turbocharged DISI engine. Previous studies led to the conclusion that pre-ignition can be triggered by... | |
| This paper proposes a methodology for collision prevention in car following scenarios. For this purpose, Emotional Learning Fuzzy Inference System (ELFIS) approach is used to simulate and predict the behavior... | |
| This paper proposes a novel method of verifying comprehensive driver model used for the evaluation of driving safety systems, which is achieved by coupling the traffic simulation and the driving... | |
| This paper provides an analysis of high-pressure phenomena and its potential effects on the fundamental physics of fuel injection in Diesel engines. In particular, we focus on conditions when cylinder... | |
| This paper reports on a turbulent flame propagation model combined with a zero-dimensional two-zone stochastic reactor model (SRM) for efficient predictive SI in-cylinder combustion calculations. The SRM is a probability... | |
| This paper shows the lightening approach for small vehicles by developing lower arm of the hollow extruded aluminum, which is the low cost material and has closed cross section. The... | |
| This paper studies a control algorithm for fuel cell/battery city buses. The output power of the fuel cell is controlled by a D.C. converter, and the output ports of the... | |
| This paper summarizes hot surface ignition characteristics of R134a and R1234yf automotive air conditioning fluids on typical under-hood automotive surfaces that possess sufficient heat to ignite flammable or combustible fluids. | |
| This paper summarizes the Heavy-Duty In-Use Testing (HDUIT) measurement allowance program for Particulate Matter Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PM-PEMS). The measurement allowance program was designed to determine the incremental error... | |
| This project's objective was the development of a test procedure to evaluate the impact of the refrigerated van box on the fuel consumption of the refrigeration unit. The scope of... | |
| This report proposes a rheological model and a thermal analysis model for oil films, which transmit power through a variator, as a prediction method for the maximum traction coefficient, and... | |
| This research investigates a novel data-driven approach to condition monitoring of Electrical-Mechanica l Actuators (EMAs) consisting of feature extraction and fault classification. The approach is designed to accommodate varying loads... | |
| This research paper builds onto the wealth of technical information that has been published in the past by engineers such as Flick, Radlinski, and Heusser. For this paper, the pushrod... | |
| This review paper summarizes major developments in vehicular emissions regulations and technologies (light-duty, heavy-duty, gasoline, diesel) in 2012. First, the paper covers the key regulatory developments in the field, including... | |
| This study clarified the influence of hot gas jet on combustion enhancement effect for lean mixture in the plasma jet ignition. The hot gas jet was generated by the high... | |
| This study computationally investigates the combined effects of EGR and boost pressure on HCCI autoignition using iso-octane, PRF50 and n-heptane. The computations were conducted using the single-zone model of CHEMKIN... | |
| This study concerns the generation of response surfaces for kinematics and injury prediction in pedestrian impact simulations using human body model. A 1000-case DOE (Design of Experiments) study with a... | |
| This study considers the thermal stresses in single lap adhesive joints between magnesium and steel. The source of thermal stresses is the large difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion... | |
| This study focused on the use of a two-component fuel blend and supercharging as possible means of overcoming these issues of HCCI combustion. Low-carbon gaseous fuels with clean emissions were... | |
| This study focuses on the combustion visualization of spark ignition combustion in an optical single cylinder engine using natural gas and propane at several air to fuel ratios and speed-load... | |
| This study systematically investigates the effects of various engine operating parameters on the thermal efficiency of a boosted HCCI engine, and the potential of E10 to extend the high-load limit... | |
| This study undertakes an investigation of the effect of battery charge balance in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) on EPA fuel economy label values. EPA's updated method was fully implemented in... | |
| This work presents a study to characterize and quantify the mechanical losses in small automotive turbocharging systems. An experimental methodology to obtain the losses in the power transmission between the... | |
| Three established mechanical test specimen geometries and test methods used to evaluate mechanical properties of brittle materials are adapted to the diesel particulate filter (DPF) architecture to evaluate failure initiation... | |
| Time-temperature analysis methods are usually applied to predict the useful life of automotive components. Components life is affected by exposure to heat during vehicle service life. The extent of reduction... | |
| Titanium dioxide supported vanadium oxide catalysts have been successfully utilized for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides emitted from both stationary and mobile sources. Because of their cost... | |
| To compliment the development of the single channel small form factor size 16 optical Expanded Beam (EB) pin and socket contacts, we have explored the possibility of designing a multi-fiber... | |
| To evaluate driver perception of a vehicle powertrain a moving base simulator is a well-established technique. We are connecting the moving base simulator Sim III, at the Swedish National Road... | |
| To improve fuel economy and reduce regulated emissions spark-ignition engines are equipped with a large number of control actuators, motivating the use of model-based ignition timing prediction strategies. Model-based ignition... | |
| To investigate the effect of aeration on fluid-elastomer compatibility, 4 types of elastomers were aged in three gear lubes. The four types of elastomers include a production fluorinated rubber (FKM)... | |
| To provide useful information for automakers to design successful plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) products and for energy and environmental analysts to understand the social impact of PHEVs, this paper... | |
| To this day, Diesel engines with direct injection are the most efficient internal combustion engines for passenger cars. The major challenge of these engines with a conventional Diesel combustion process... | |
| To warrant the substitution of traditionally used structural automotive materials with titanium alloys, the material substitutional and redesign advantages must be attainable at a justifiable cost. Typically, during material replacement... | |
| Today mankind is using highly sophisticated tools which contribute to maintain the standard of living. Nevertheless, these tools have to be further improved in the near future in order to... | |
| Torque controls for the engine and electric motors in a Powersplit HEV are keys to the success of balancing fuel economy, driveability, and battery power control. The electric variable transmission... | |
| Torque converters are used as coupling devices in automobile powertrains involving automatic transmissions. Efficient modeling of torque converters capturing various modes of operation is important for powertrain design and simulation,... | |
| Touch screen technology has experienced significant improvements recently, evolving to several solutions that are rugged enough to be introduced into the cockpit. A practical setup has been worked out consisting... | |
| Toyota has developed a new belt-type continuously variable transmission (CVT) for 1.5-liter compact vehicles. To improve both driveability and fuel economy over previous CVTs, pressure management was adopted as the... | |
| Tradeoff studies are a common part of engineering practice. Designers conduct tradeoff studies in order to improve their understanding of how various design considerations relate to one another and to... | |
| Turboelectric propulsion is a technology that can potentially reduce aircraft noise, increase fuel efficiency, and decrease harmful emissions. In a turbo-electric system, the propulsor (fans) is no longer connected to... | |
| Turbulent Jet Ignition is an advanced spark-initiated pre-chamber combustion system for otherwise standard spark ignition engines. Combustion in the main chamber is initiated by jets of partially combusted (reacting) pre-chamber... | |
| Two methods are allowed in ISO 26262-5 for hardware analysis of random hardware failures. The 1 2x method is called "Evaluation of Probabilistic Metric for random Hardware Failures". The 2... | |
| Two-stroke engine cylinders have ports to exchange gas. While the engine runs, the piston and its piston rings slide over these ports in the cylinder walls, and the rings may... | |
| Up to now, there is no standard methodology that addresses how driver distraction is affected by perceptual demand and working memory demand - aside from visual allocation. In 2009, the... | |
| Using a 3 liter, 4 valves per cylinder, V6 Diesel engine model, this study investigates late intake valve closing (LIVC) time in an effort to reduce the fuel consumption of... | |
| Using a combination of inverse airfoil design techniques, rapid interactive analysis methods, detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and wind tunnel testing, aft loading of an airfoil has been explored as... | |
| Variable cycle engines offer the potential to operate a turbine engine more like a high-bypass turbofan during subsonic cruise and more like a turbojet or low-bypass turbofan for high-performance maneuvers... | |
| Various techniques to reduce the aerodynamic drag of bluff bodies through the mechanism of base pressure recovery have been investigated. These include, for example, boat-tailing, base cavities and base bleed. | |
| VBD Automotive Technologies have developed a MAGLEV driveleine for wheeled fuel cell powered vehicles. The driveline known as the "Magnetic Hubless Wheel Drive" (MHWD), essentially allows for the elimination of... | |
| VCC (variable combustion chamber) piston technology would be one of the best substitutes for VCR (variable compression ratio) technology due to its extremely fast dynamic response with simple structure. One... | |
| Vehicle handling in steady-state and transient conditions can be significantly enhanced with the continuous modulation of the driving and braking torques of each wheel via dedicated torque-vectoring controllers. For fully... | |
| Vehicle headlamps are essential for driver safety at night, and technological evolution of headlamps over several decades has brought substantial improvements to driver visibility and comfort. Nonetheless, glare remains an... | |
| Vehicles equipped with in-wheel motors are being studied and developed as a type of electric vehicle. Since these motors are attached to the suspension, a large vertical suspension reaction force... | |
| Water accumulating on a vehicle's wind screen, driven over the A-pillar by a combination of aerodynamic forces and the action of the windscreen wipers, can be a significant impediment to... | |
| We have developed a new propane burner that satisfies the requirements of localized fire test which was presented in SAE technical paper 2011-01-0251. This paper introduces the specifications of this... | |
| We introduce a framework that aims at automating significant parts of the design flow in a typical scenario for embedded application development in the automotive domain. Given a specification model... | |
| We introduce a research on steering dampers using MR fluid (Magnetorheological Fluid). In recent years, steering dampers have been used in on-road and off-road motorcycles. Steering dampers stabilize the front... | |
| We present a parametric analysis of electric vehicle (EV) adoption rates and the corresponding contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction in the US light-duty vehicle (LDV) fleet through 2050. The... | |
| Whenever a new simulation tool or method is introduced into a product development process, immediately the tool is required to prove its worth before it can be trusted. Typically, this... | |
| While much research has focused on improving terrain mobility, energy and fuel efficiency of terrain trucks, only a limited amount of investigation has gone into analysis of power distribution between... | |
| While the potential emissions and efficiency benefits of HCCI combustion are well known, realizing the potentials on a production intent engine presents numerous challenges. In this study we focus on... | |
| Wing and fuselage aircraft structures require large precise tools for assembly. These large jigs require periodic re-certification to validate jig accuracy, yet metrology tasks involved may take the tool out... | |
| With a goal to help develop pressure sensor calibration and deployment algorithms using computer simulations, an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) approach was adopted in this research to predict the responses... | |
| With composite skins and structures, the exact thickness of a part stack is indeterminate, and thus the fastener grip length for any particular hole cannot be known with certainty, from... | |
| With increasing demand for and sophistication of automotive applications such as infotainment and driver's assistance, the need for tighter integration between the many networks found in modern vehicles is likewise... | |
| With the introduction of limits for particle numbers besides particle mass emitted by light duty vehicles new pollution control devices like catalyzed gasoline particulate filters (GPF) might be required. GPFs... | |
| With the rapidly increasing awareness on environmental issues, a competition of eco-friendly car development among vehicle manufacturers has become so intense. In fact, decent numbers of modern production vehicles which... | |
| Within aircraft electrical network designs, energy storage systems (ESS) provide a means of decoupling the electrical-mechanica l interactions between the aircraft electrical power system and the aircraft engine, meeting peak... | |
| Zero-dimensional heat release rate models have the advantage of being both easy to handle and computationally efficient. In addition, they are capable of predicting the effects of important engine parameters... |
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