SAE International Datasheets for Standards and Technical Documents
Standards and technical documents includes standards, codes, regulation, handbooks, manuals, comprehensive guides and other formal publications. Standards, codes, and regulation establish uniform specifications, procedures or technical criteria.
Standards and Technical Documents: Learn more
| Product Name | Notes |
|---|---|
| 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) is currently regarded as a potential alternative fuel to gasoline due to the development of new production technology. In this paper, the spray characteristics of DMF and its... | |
| A 2.0 l turbocharged gasoline engine with port injection and a comparable turbocharged gasoline engine with direct injection have been investigated on a test bench at Kaiserslautern Technical University. Both... | |
| A brief explanation of the design iterations and philosophy used to integrate the pilot into the F-35 Lightning II cockpit to achieve optimum Pilot Vehicle Interface (PVI), manageable single seat... | |
| A common approach to the validation of simulation models focuses on validation throughout the entire design space. A more recent methodology validates designs as they are generated during a simulation-based... | |
| A complete system approach to power semiconductor analysis and selection is set forth in this paper. In order to address design overkill, a suitable power profile across the desired drive... | |
| A comprehensive experimental and theoretical approach was undertaken to understand the phenomenon of pre-ignition and to assess parameters to improve or even eliminate it completely. Oil mixing with fuel was... | |
| A Constant Volume Sampler (CVS) over dilutes the exhaust gas sample when testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV). This is because the CVS continues to fill the sample bag when... | |
| A cost effective means of achieving fuel economy gains in conventional powertrain is to utilize a 12 volt start/stop (S/S) system to turn the engine off and on during periods... | |
| A detailed investigation of the influence of anisotropic hardening models on drawbead restraining force is presented in this paper. The recently modified Yoshida model is adopted to characterize the anisotropic... | |
| A detailed study is undertaken to examine how 2010+ diesel engine exhaust emissions change when a soybean-derived B20 biodiesel fuel is used instead of a conventional ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel... | |
| A method for identification of object impact location and bumper stiffness curve is presented in this paper. The method calculates an offset distance of object impact based on intrusions obtained... | |
| A new bio-fuel i.e. the cellulosic liquefaction fuel (CLF) was developed for diesel engines. The cellulosic liquefaction fuel (CLF) was made from woods by the direct liquefaction process. CLF could... | |
| A new index U* for evaluating load path dispersion is proposed, using a structural load path analysis method based on the concept of U*, which expresses the connection strength between... | |
| A novel continuous inductive discharge ignition system has been developed that allows for variable duration ignition events in SI engines. The system uses a dual-coil design, where two coils are... | |
| A numerical simulation model for predicting the fuel hydrocarbon permeation as well as the barrier layer thickness optimization for multilayer plastic fuel tanks is presented. The diffusion model is based... | |
| A procedure for fatigue life estimation of components and structures under variable amplitude multiaxial loadings based on simple and commonly available material properties is presented. Different aspects of the analysis... | |
| A separator is a membrane that prevents the physical contact between the positive and negative electrodes while enabling ionic transport. The integrity of the separator is vital to the performance... | |
| A solid particle number measurement system (SPNMS) was developed using a catalytic stripper (CS) technology instead of an evaporation tube (ET). The ET is used in commercially available systems, compliant... | |
| A spark-assist homogeneous charge compression ignition (SA-HCCI) operating strategy is presented here that allows for stoichiometric combustion from 1000-3000 rpm, and at loads as high as 750 kPa net IMEP. | |
| A substantial fraction of automotive collisions occur at intersections. Statistics collected by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) show that more than 2.8 million intersection-related crashes occur in the United States... | |
| A test procedure was developed to assess the deposit-forming tendencies of gasoline/ethanol fuel blends, ranging from 0 % to 100 % ethanol (E0 to E100). The test engine was a... | |
| A transient, one-dimensional lean NOx trap (LNT) model is described and implemented for vehicle systems simulations. The model accounts for conservation of chemical species and thermal energy, and includes the... | |
| A turbocharged 2.0L 4-cylinder direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engine designed for use with gasoline is simulated using one dimensional engine simulation. Engine design modifications - increased compression ratio, 2-step... | |
| A two machine Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) cell capable of laying 1/2\\mi and 1/4\\mi tow at rates up to 1800\\mi/min (45.7 m/min), including feeds and cuts, has been implemented for... | |
| A uniaxial stress-strain curve obtained from a conventional tensile test is only valid up to the point of uniform elongation, beyond which a diffuse neck begins to develop, followed by... | |
| A vehicle on the road encounters an unsteady flow due to turbulence in the natural wind, the unsteady wakes from other vehicles and as a result of traversing through the... | |
| Accident data show that the head and the chest are the most frequently injured body regions in side impact fatal accidents. Curtain side air bag (CSA) and thorax side air... | |
| Accident data show that the injury risks to children seated in child restraint systems (CRSs) are higher in side collisions than any other type of collision. To investigate child injury... | |
| Accident statistics shows pedestrian accident fatalities as one of the important concerns globally. In view of this, new test protocols for pedestrian safety have been drafted in regulation as well... | |
| Accurate description of the plastic yield locus is important for accurate prediction of sheet metal formability and springback using FEM. This paper presents experimental results obtained for the initial plastic... | |
| Active safety systems are increasingly becoming available in trucks and passenger vehicles. Developments in the field of active safety are shifting from increasing driver comfort towards increasing occupant safety. Furthermore,... | |
| Active safety systems will have a great impact in the next generation of vehicles. This is partly originated by the increasing consumer's interest for safety and partly by new traffic... | |
| Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) have been implemented in the automotive industry to balance the requirements for vehicle crash safety, emissions, and fuel economy. With lower ductility compared to conventional... | |
| Advances in aftertreatment technologies, such as Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalysts, have responded to increasingly stringent PM and NO requirements for diesel engines. Potentially viable... | |
| After the turn of the century, growing social attention has been paid to environmental concerns, especially the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and it comes down to a personal daily... | |
| Airflow resistivity is one of the most important parameters in the study of the physical properties of porous acoustic materials. This parameter is fundamental for the correct evaluation of sound... | |
| Alcohol fuels that can be produced from cellulose continue to become more widely used in gasoline engines. This research investigated the application of alcohol to diesel engines with the aims... | |
| Alternative and renewable fuels show tremendous promise for addressing concerns of energy security, energy supply, and CO\u2082 emissions. However, the new fuels have the potential to produce non-regulated exhaust components... | |
| Alternative implementations of a Rear Cross Traffic Alert (RCTA) system intended to actively notify drivers of the presence of rear cross-path traffic when backing were evaluated in naturalistic settings. The... | |
| Although the design phase can account for a sizable amount of the resources consumed during the product realization process, the time and costs associated with the design process are often... | |
| Aluminum sheet is commercially available in three surface finishes, mill finish (MF), electric discharge texture (EDT), and dull finish (DF). This surface finish impacts the friction behavior during sheet metal... | |
| Ammonia/urea-SCR is a mature technology, applied worldwide for the control of NOx emissions in combustion exhausts from thermal power plants, cogeneration units, incinerators and stationary diesel engines and more recently... | |
| An accurate set of solutions is presented for stress concentration factors in shoulder filleted shafts under bending, tension and torsion. Solutions were obtained from extensive elastic finite element analyses for... | |
| An analysis of the first 35 back-over crashes reported by NHTSA's Special Crash Investigations unit was undertaken with two objectives: (1) to test a hypothesized classification of backing crashes into... | |
| An analytical model, which takes care of thermal interactions of human body with surroundings via basic heat transfer modes like conduction, convection, radiation and evaporation, is compiled. The analytical model... | |
| An effort was undertaken to capture the relationship between the output of mass flow sensors and the input rate of mass flow for harvesting combines with yield monitors. Different types... | |
| An experimental investigation was conducted in an optical mono-cylinder Spark-Ignition engine in order to explore the influence of the fuel and of the dilution rate on the initial stages of... | |
| An experimental study was performed to develop a more fundamental understanding of the effects of secondary air injection (SAI) on exhaust gas emissions and catalyst light-off characteristics during cold start... | |
| An experimental study was performed to evaluate the effects of ethanol blending on to gasoline spray and combustion characteristics in a spray-guided direct-injection spark-ignition engine under lean stratified operation. The... | |
| An ignition delay correlation was developed for a toluene reference fuel (TRF) blend that is representative of automotive gasoline fuels exhibiting two-stage ignition. Ignition delay times for the autoignition of... | |
| Approximately 500 million oil filters are sold in the United States of America each year, and are not required by law to meet any Government or industry testing procedures prior... | |
| Approximately 600,000 fatalities occur each year as a result of pedestrians being impacted by motor vehicles (World Bank, 2008). Previous studies (Heller et al., 2009) have utilized databases such as... | |
| As Advanced Crash Avoidance Technologies (ACATs) such as Forward Collision Warning (FCW), Crash Imminent Braking Systems and other advanced technologies continue to be developed, the need for full-scale test methodologies... | |
| As battery temperature greatly affects performance, safety, and life of Li-ion batteries in plug-in and electric vehicles under various driving conditions, automakers and battery suppliers are paying increased attention to... | |
| As mass reduction becomes an increasingly important enabler for fuel economy improvement, having a robust structural development process that can comprehend Vehicle Dynamics-specific requirements is correspondingly important. There is a... | |
| As non-profit organizations, universities serve the public good through their primary missions of teaching and conducting fundamental research. In the past, American universities obtained the bulk of their funding in... | |
| As the engines of today decrease in displacement with unchanged power output, focus of today's research is on transient response. The trend of today is to use a turbocharger with... | |
| As the new features for driver assistance and active safety systems are growing rapidly in vehicles, the simulation within a virtual environment has become a necessity. The current active safety... | |
| Ash accumulation in diesel particulate filters, mostly from essential lubricant additives, decreases the filter's soot storage capacity, adversely affects fuel economy, and negatively impacts the filter's service life. While the... | |
| Ash, primarily derived from diesel engine lubricants, accumulates in diesel particulate filters directly affecting the filter's pressure drop sensitivity to soot accumulation, thus impacting regeneration frequency and fuel economy. After... | |
| At elevated temperatures, such as those encountered under race track or fade test conditions, the closed-form solution to the lumped capacitance model for characterizing brake cooling (fitted to a standard... | |
| At temperatures below 1100 K, the oxidation of nitric oxide (NO) impacts the oxidation of hydrocarbons, causing a sensitization effect in fuel combustion. This effect can be important in engine... | |
| Atmospheric pressure plasma sources are new devices for modifying the surface condition of engineering materials such as thermoplastic and thermoset-based composites. Because they operate at ambient conditions, these plasma systems... | |
| Automotive air conditioning systems are subject to constantly changing operation conditions and steady state simulations are not sufficient to describe the actual performance. The refrigerant mass migration during transient events... | |
| Automotive fenders is one such example where specialized thermoplastic material Noryl GTX* (blend of Polyphenyleneoxide (PPO) + Polyamide (PA)) has successfully replaced metal by meeting functional requirements. The evolution of... | |
| Automotive manufacturers are facing continuously changing Global environment. Traditionally, these manufacturers relied on structural and general durability tests to validate vehicles. For these tests to remain representative of customer usage... | |
| Automotive OEMS are continuously working on improvements of their vehicle development processes, to improve quality, reduce lead time and cost. In particular the enhancement of virtual methods is crucial for... | |
| Aviation battery maintenance is trending toward on-condition maintenance. Nickel-Cadmium (NiCd), Valve Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA), or prospective Li-ion batteries are used to start engines, provide emergency back-up power, and assure ground... | |
| Beam-type structural elements are generally utilized in construction of majority of the automotive structures, e.g. the buses, trailers, and solid axles. These components are usually subjected to spatially-random or uncertain... | |
| Because of U.S. EPA regulatory actions and the National Academies National Research Council suggestions for improvements in the U.S. EPA emissions inventory methods, the U.S. EPA' Office of Transportation and... | |
| Biodiesel has been widely accepted as an alternative for fossil-derived diesel fuel for use in compression ignition (CI) engines. Poor oxidative stability and cold flow properties restrict the use of... | |
| Biodiesel-blended fuel is increasingly becoming available for diesel engines. Due to seasonal and economic factors, biodiesel available in filling stations can be sourced from varying feedstocks. Moreover, biodiesel may not... | |
| Cast aluminum alloys are increasingly used in cyclically loaded automotive structural applications for light weight and fuel economy. The fatigue resistance of aluminum castings strongly depends upon the presence of... | |
| Cast aluminum alloys are normally quenched after solution treatment or solidification process to improve aging responses. Rapid quenching can lead to high residual stress and severe distortion which significantly affects... | |
| CFD has been widely used to predict the flow behavior inside 2-stroke engines over the past twenty years. Usually a mass flow profile or a simple 0D model is used... | |
| Cold start driving cycles exhibit an increase in friction losses due to the low temperatures of metal and media compared to normal operating engine conditions. These friction losses are responsible... | |
| Combination of an NO x storage and reduction catalyst (NSRC, called also lean NO x trap, LNT) and a catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NO x by NH\u2083... | |
| Compliance with tighter emission regulations has increased the proportion of parasitic weight in commercial vehicles. In turn, the amount of payload must be reduced to comply with transportation weight requirements. | |
| Compressed air storage is an important, but often misunderstood, component of compressed air systems. This paper discusses methods to properly size compressed air storage in load-unload systems to avoid short... | |
| Compressed natural gas (CNG) currently is used as an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines in motor vehicles. This paper presents results of an analysis of leaks from a model... | |
| Computed Tomography (CT) is a well established method for non-destructive reconstruction of an object's interior structures. It is especially well suited for use with e.g. light metal alloys, injection molded... | |
| Continuous efforts to develop a lightweight alloy suitable for the most demanding applications in automotive industry resulted in a number of advanced aluminum (Al) and magnesium alloys and manufacturing routes. | |
| Conventional diesel fuel has been in the market for decades and used successfully to run diesel engines of all sizes in many applications. In order to reduce emissions and to... | |
| Cu- and Fe-zeolite SCR catalysts emerged in recent years as the primary candidates for meeting the increasingly stringent lean exhaust emission regulations, due to their outstanding activity and durability characteristics. | |
| Current concerns about climate change, energy security and record high oil prices have triggered high enthusiasm and push for plug-in vehicles. Widespread adoption of plug-in vehicles would result in significant... | |
| Current focus on techniques to reduce the tailpipe carbon dioxide (CO\u2082) emissions of road vehicles is increasing the interest in hybrid and electric vehicle technologies. Pure electric vehicles require bulky,... | |
| Current progress in the development of diesel engines substantially contributes to the reduction of NOx and Particulate Matter (PM) emissions but will not succeed to eliminate the application of Diesel... | |
| Current U.S. Army ground vehicles predominately use commercial off-the-shelf or modified commercial diesel engines as the prime mover. Unique military engines are typically utilized when commercial products do not meet... | |
| Currently, when the Army studies ride quality and comfort, 6 Watts of absorbed power is commonly cited as a target. However, absorbed power is dependent upon vehicle speed and road... | |
| Data fusion plays a central role in more and more automotive applications, especially for driver assistance systems. On the one hand the process of data fusion combines data and information... | |
| Debate surrounds the utility of the Biofidelic Rear Impact Dummy (BioRID) anthropomorphic test device (ATD) for providing meaningful biomechanical metrics during rear impact and the appropriate criteria for interpreting the... | |
| Despite the fact that urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx is a key technology for achieving on- and off-highway diesel emission standards, significant control challenges remain. Transient operation, combined... | |
| Diesel engines operating in the low-temperature combustion (LTC) mode generally tend to produce very low levels of NOx and soot. However, the implementation of LTC is challenged by the higher... | |
| Diesel exhaust aftertreatment systems are required for meeting both EPA 2010 and final Tier 4 emission regulations while meeting the stringent packaging constraints of the vehicle. The aftertreatment system for... | |
| Diesel exhaust aftertreatment systems are required for meeting both EPA 2010 and final Tier 4 emission regulations. This paper addresses aftertreatment system performance of a fuel reformer, lean NOx trap... | |
| Diesel NOx emissions control utilizing combined Lean NOx Trap (LNT) and so-called passive or in-situ Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst technologies (i.e. with reductant species generated by the LNT) has... | |
| Diesel spray experimentation at controlled high-temperature and high-pressure conditions is intended to provide a more fundamental understanding of diesel combustion than can be achieved in engine experiments. This level of... | |
| Direct injection spark-ignition (DISI) gasoline engines can offer better fuel economy and higher performance over their port fuel-injected counterparts, and are now appearing increasingly in more U.S. vehicles. Small displacement,... | |
| Diversifying energy resources and reducing greenhouse gas emissions are key priorities in the forthcoming years for the automotive industry. Currently, among the different solutions, sustainable biofuels are considered as one... | |
| Downsizing is an important concept to reduce fuel consumption as well as emissions of spark ignition engines. Engine displacement is reduced in order to shift operating points from lower part... | |
| Driver distraction is a topic of considerable interest, with the public debate centering on the use of cell phones and texting while driving. However, the driver distraction/overload issue is really... | |
| Due to a rapid development of air transportation there is a need for the assessment of real environmental risk related to the aircraft operation. The emission of carbon monoxide and... | |
| Due to the importance of the fast transportation under every circumstance, the transportation process may require a high speed heavy vehicle from time to time, which may turn the transportation... | |
| Due to the increasingly stricter emission legislation and growing demands for lower fuel consumption, there have been significant efforts to improve combustion efficiency while satisfying the emission requirements. Homogeneous Charge... | |
| During sheet metal forming, the friction and surface roughness change as the sheet slides, bends and stretches against the tools. This study assessed evolution of friction and surface roughness changes... | |
| Dynamic and quasi-static axial cutting of circular AA6061-T6 extrusions with variable instantaneous wall thickness in the axial direction was completed to investigate the capability of controlling the load/displacement responses of... | |
| Dynamic system simulation has gained an important role in automotive engineering since powertrains and power management systems are getting more and more complex. The goal is to establish dynamic system... | |
| Effects of fuel cell material properties on water management were numerically investigated using Volume of Fluid (VOF) method in the FLUENT. The results show that the channel surface wettability is... | |
| Effects of roller diameter and number on the contact pressures, subsurface stresses and the fatigue lives of cam roller follower bearings are investigated in this paper. Finite element analyses under... | |
| EGR has been proven to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines significantly and is nowadays widely used in production engines. To reach future emission legislation standards, alternative EGR-routings that deliver... | |
| Electric vehicle development is at a crossroads. Consumers want vehicles that offer the same size, performance, range, reliability and cost as their current vehicles. OEMs must make a profit, and... | |
| Electrical power generation is an important component in the Electrical Power System of an Aircraft (EPS). In this paper we present a model based diagnostic framework for early generator degradation... | |
| Electrically Powered Hydraulic Steering (EPHS) has provided value in passenger car applications by reducing power consumption at engine idle, providing only the required power during high speed lane-keeping, and allowing... | |
| Electrification of the automobile is a growing trend and will create both challenges and opportunities for the vehicle manufacturer, road network infrastructure and driver. In addition to innovative fundamental battery... | |
| Emission control efficiency and limited fuel consumption penalty and are the main design factors driving the development of engine-after-treatme nt exhaust systems according to both ACEA/DOE targets and continental regulations. | |
| Energy conservation and efficiency have been the quest of engineers concerned with internal combustion engine. Theoretically, if the heat rejected could be reduced, then the thermal efficiency would be improved,... | |
| Energy efficient HVAC system is becoming increasingly important as higher Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards are required for future vehicle products. The present study is a preliminary attempt at... | |
| Energy standard ISO 50001 will require industries to quantify improvement in energy intensity to qualify for certification. This paper describes a four-step method to analyze utility billing, weather, and production... | |
| Engine efficiency and optimization are key aspects for automotive manufacturers. Lamborghini has particularly focus attention for reduction of time to market building up a synergic approach for new component's development... | |
| Engine efficiency is one of the key aspects to reduce CO\u2082 emissions. Lamborghini S.p.A. has focused attention on the engine friction modeling, analysis and measurement to understand and control the... | |
| Engine Start/Stop systems reduce CO\u2082 emissions by turning off the combustion engine at vehicle standstill. This avoids the injection of fuel that would otherwise be needed simply to overcome internal... | |
| Engineering systems are often too complex and their behavior cannot be determined using closed form or exact methods. To circumvent this problem, numerical methods, such as boundary element method, have... | |
| Ethanol for use in automotive fuels can be made from renewable feedstocks, which contributes to its increased use in recent years. There are many differences in physical and chemical properties... | |
| Euro 5/6 light-duty vehicle emissions regulation introduced non-volatile particle number emission measurements. The particle number measurement system consists of a volatile removal unit followed by a particle number counter with... | |
| Exhaust and evaporative emissions systems have been developed to match the characteristics and usage of the Toyota THS II plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). Based on the commercially available Prius,... | |
| Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooler fouling has become a significant issue for compliance with nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions standards. In order to better understand fouling mechanisms, eleven field-aged EGR coolers... | |
| Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) coolers are commonly used in diesel engines to reduce the temperature of recirculated exhaust gases in order to reduce NOX emissions. Engine coolant is used to... | |
| Existing gasoline DI injection equipment has been modified to generate single hole pulsed gas jets. Injection experiments have been performed at combinations of 3 different pressure ratios (2 of which... | |
| Experimental decklids for the Cadillac STS sedan were made with Al AA5083 sheet outer panels and Mg AZ31B sheet inner panels using regular-production forming processes and hardware. Joining and coating... | |
| Extensive empirical work indicates that exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is effective to lower the flame temperature and thus the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) production in-cylinder in diesel engines. Soot emissions... | |
| Faced with the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, diesel engines present the advantage of having low CO\u2082 emission levels compared to spark-ignited engines. Nevertheless, diesel engines still suffer from... | |
| Failure modes of spot friction welds in cross-tension specimens of aluminum 6061-T6 sheets are first investigated based on experimental observations. Optical and scanning electron micrographs of the welds before and... | |
| Far-side occupants are not addressed in current government regulations around the world even though they account for up to 40% of occupant HARM in side impact crashes. Consequently, there are... | |
| Fatigue behavior of dissimilar ultrasonic spot welds in lap-shear specimens of magnesium AZ31B-H24 and hot-dipped-galvanize d mild steel sheets is investigated based on experimental observations, closed-form stress intensity factor solutions,... | |
| Fatigue behavior of spot friction welds or friction stir spot welds in lap-shear specimens of dissimilar aluminum 5754-O and 7075-T6 sheets is investigated based on experimental observations and two fatigue... | |
| Fatigue fractures are the most common type of mechanical failures of components and structures. It is widely recognized that surface finish has a significant effect on fatigue behavior. Forgings can... | |
| Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) products derived from vegetable oils and animal fats are now widely used in European diesel fuels and their use will increase in order to meet... | |
| FlexRay is a time triggered automotive communication protocol that connects ECUs (Electronic Control Units) on which distributed automotive applications are executed. If exact agreement (e.g. on physical values measured by... | |
| Following the developments in controlled suspension system components, the studies on the vertical dynamics analysis of vehicles increased their popularity in recent years. The objective of this study is to... | |
| For a series plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), it is critical that batteries be sized to maximize vehicle performance variables, such as fuel efficiency, gasoline savings, and zero emission capability. | |
| For accurately predicting different fracture patterns of the pelvis frequently observed in pedestrian accidents with SUV/Mini-van, human finite element (FE) models have been developed. Although those models with failure representation... | |
| For diesel emission control technologies, reduction efficiencies of Particulate Matter (PM) control systems have been traditionally reported based on mass-based criteria. However, particle number-based criteria are now receiving increased attention. | |
| For many technical applications it is necessary to avoid or to reduce vibrations. Factors benefiting from vibration reduction are for example the durability of the application, which is increased, as... | |
| Forming simulation is a widely used tool to estimate production forming capabilities. During the last three to four years the prediction of process robustness by sensitivity analysis has been developed... | |
| Forward Collision Alert (or Forward Collision Warning) systems provide alerts intended to assist drivers in avoiding or mitigating the harm caused by rear-end crashes. These systems currently use front-grille mounted,... | |
| Four high-efficiency alternative combustion modes were modeled to determine the potential brake thermal efficiency (BTE) relative to a traditional lean burn compression ignition diesel engine with selective catalytic reduction (SCR)... | |
| Friction stir blind riveting (FSBR) is a new process for joining automotive light alloys based on aluminium and magnesium. During FSBR, a blind rivet, rotating at high speed (typically 2000-12000... | |
| Friction Stir Spot Welding (FSSW) is a relatively new solid state joining technology that has the potential to be a replacement for single point joining processes like Resistance Spot Welding... | |
| From the energy security and CO2 reduction point of view, much attention has been paid to the usage of bio-fuel. Recently, highly concentrated ethanol is used in some areas ("E85"; | |
| Fuel economy improvement and stringent emission regulations worldwide require advanced air charging and combustion technologies, such as low temperature combustion, PCCI or HCCI combustion. Furthermore, NO x aftertreatment systems, like... | |
| Fuel economy is critical for heavy-duty line haul applications. As fuel prices rise and impending fuel economy regulations are implemented, new ways to improve heavy-vehicle fuel economy will be in... | |
| Fuel injectors capable of rapidly electrically heating ethanol for cold starts below ethanol's flash point temperature have been developed for the Brazilian transportation market. These injectors also enable the enleanment... | |
| Fully variable valve trains provide comprehensive means of adjustment in terms of variable valve timing and valve lift. The efficiency of the engine is improved in the operating range and... | |
| Future emissions standards for passenger cars require a reduction of NO x (nitrogen oxide) and CO\u2082 (carbon dioxide) emissions of diesel engines. One of the ways to reach this challenge... | |
| Future stringent emission legislation will require high efficient catalytical systems. Along with engine out emission reduction and advanced wash coat solution the substrate technology will play a key role in... | |
| Future synthetic diesel fuels will likely involve mixtures of straight and branched alkanes, possibly with aromatic additives to improve lubricity and durability. To simulate these future fuels, this study examined... | |
| Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) is widely employed for joining relatively thick sheet steels in automotive body-in-white structures and frames. The GMAW process is very flexible for various joint geometries... | |
| Gasoline direct injected (GDI) engines are becoming a concern with respect to particulate matter (PM) emissions. The upcoming 2014 Euro 6 regulations may require a drastic reduction in solid particle... | |
| General Motors' Chevrolet Volt is an Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV). This car has aggressive targets for all electric range with engine off and fuel economy with the engine on. | |
| Global warming due to exhaust pollution and rapid depletion of petroleum reserves, has given us opportunity to find bio fuels. Bio diesel is an alternative diesel fuel that can be... | |
| Hat sections made of steel are frequently encountered in automotive body structural components such as front rails. These components can absorb significant amount of impact energy during collisions thereby protecting... | |
| Heavy-duty diesel engines (HDDE), because of their widespread use and reputation of expelling excessive soot, have frequently been held responsible for excessive amounts of overall environmental particulate matter (PM). PM... | |
| Heavy-duty engine experiments were conducted to explore reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion through addition of the cetane improver di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) to pump gasoline. Unlike previous diesel/gasoline dual-fuel operation... | |
| High concentrations of diesel fuel can accumulate in the engine oil, especially in vehicles equipped with diesel particle filters. Fuel dilution can decrease the viscosity of engine oil, reducing its... | |
| High fidelity mathematical vehicle models that can accurately capture the dynamics of car suspension system are critical in vehicle dynamics studies. System identification techniques can be employed to determine model... | |
| Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine technology has been an area of rapidly increasing research interest for the past 15 years and appears poised for commercialisation through the efforts of... | |
| Homogeneous-charge, compression-ignition (HCCI) combustion is triggered by spontaneous ignition in dilute homogeneous mixtures. The combustion rate must be reduced by suitable solutions such as high rates of Exhaust Gas Recirculation... | |
| Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion offers efficiency improvements compared to conventional gasoline engines. However, due to the nature of HCCI, traditional HCCI combustion can be realized only in a... | |
| Hybridization and velocity management are two important techniques for energy efficiency that mainly have been treated separately. Here they are put in a common framework that from the hybridization perspective... | |
| Hydrogen can be produced from various renewable energy sources, therefore it is predicted that hydrogen could play a greater role in meeting society's energy needs in the mid- to long-term. | |
| Hydrogen concentration during combustion in a confined space with a ceiling was investigated. The results indicated that steady-state hydrogen concentration was highest at the ceiling surface for all hydrogen flow... | |
| In 2005, the growing emphasis on fuel efficiency coupled with the long-recognized negative effects of viscous friction caused by engine hydrodynamic lubrication, led to considerations of the benefits of lower... | |
| In 2006, the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) released a new Low Speed Bumper Test Protocol for passenger cars 2x. The new test protocol included the development of a... | |
| In 2006, there were approximately 23,500 rear-end crashes involving heavy trucks (i.e., gross vehicle weight greater than 4,536 kg). The Enhanced Rear Signaling (ERS) for Heavy Trucks project was developed... | |
| In a motorcycle gasoline engine, the port fuel injection system is rapidly spread. Compared to an automotive engine, the injected fuel does not impinge on the intake valve due to... | |
| In a previous paper [ 1 ], the authors have proposed a cost effective air hybrid concept based on a proprietary intake system and cam profile switching (CPS) system [... | |
| In a two-stroke engine, carbon is a natural by-product of incomplete combustion. Fuel and oil quality vary leading to various degrees of carbon deposit build up on critical engine parts... | |
| In automobiles, there are various multiphysics (specifically fluid structure interaction) events taking place which are very important from vehicle operations. Examples are - oil splashing in engine, water spraying on... | |
| In cold climatic regions (25°C below zero) thermal comfort inside vehicle cabin plays a vital role for safety of driver and crew members. This comfortable and safe environment can be... | |
| In diesel engines the optimization of engine-out emissions, combustion noise and fuel consumption requires the experimental investigation of the effects of different injection strategies as well as of a large... | |
| In general for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication, message authentication is performed on every received wireless message by conducting verification for a valid signature, and only messages that have been successfully verified... | |
| In HCCI engines, the Air/Fuel Ratio (AFR) and Residual Gas Fraction (RGF) are difficult to control during the SI-HCCI-SI transition, and this may result in incomplete combustion and/or high pressure... | |
| In motorcycle engines with aluminum crankcases, fatigue fractures at the roots of the internal threads of the fastening bolts used for the cylinder head and crankshaft main bearing often occurs... | |
| In order to address the CO\u2082 emissions issue and to diversify the energy for transportation, CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) is considered as one of the most promising alternative fuels given... | |
| In order to build a useful and comfortable in-car human machine interface systems, the information presentation method should be easy to understand (low mental workload) and one should be able... | |
| In order to extend the HCCI high load operational limit, the effects of the distributions of temperature and fuel concentration on pressure rise rate (dP/d\u03b8) were investigated through theoretical and... | |
| In order to satisfy a single-fuel mandate, the U.S. Department of Defense has a need for engines in the 20 to 50 hp range to power midsized Unmanned Aerial Vehicles... | |
| In probabilistic reliability analysis, it is common that the models relating time to failure with environmental stresses are insensitive to the sequence of the stress level application. For a step-stress... | |
| In pursuit of reducing dependencies on foreign oil coupled with U.S. renewable fuel standards and an overall focus and interest in greenhouse gas emissions, investigations continue on feasibility of replacement... | |
| In recent years the number of vehicles equipped with millimeter wave radar has been increasing due to the popularization of driving assistance systems such as adaptive cruise control (ACC) and... | |
| In recent years, computer simulations gained an increased role in the design, development, optimization, and calibration of the valve train systems. With the development of non-conventional systems and actuation mechanisms,... | |
| In recent years, there has been a sustained effort by the automotive OEMs and suppliers to improve the vehicle driveline efficiency. This has been in response to customer demands for... | |
| In recognizing the potential for large, damaging impacts from climate change, California enacted Executive Order S-03-05, requiring a reduction in statewide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 80% below 1990 levels... | |
| In statistical modeling, cross-validation refers to the practice of fitting a model with part of the available data, and then using predictions of the unused data to test and improve... | |
| In the automotive industry, the use of beading is widely spread. Beads are primarily used to stiffen the floor and dash panels. The aim is to reduce vibration levels and... | |
| In the automotive sector, the time to market has become increasingly important. Consequently, powertrain systems require specific exhaust systems solutions to meet engine performance, pollutant emissions and acoustic targets delivered... | |
| In the context of CO\u2082 emission regulations and increase of energy prices, the downsizing of engine displacement is a widely discussed solution that allows a reduction of fuel consumption. However,... | |
| In the last decades the development time of vehicles has been drastically reduced due to the application of advanced numerical and experimental methods. Specifications concerning durability and other functional attributes... | |
| In the last few years, almost every automotive OEM has announced the development of some sort of electric vehicles. Many of those have already been shown to the public, either... | |
| In the last ten year the mechanical power output of car engine increased significantly. This result has been possible especially through new injection systems that brought to an optimization of... | |
| In the present paper the results of an experimental and numerical analysis of a common-rail, high pressure Diesel spray evolving in high counter pressure conditions is reported. The experimental study... | |
| In the virtual development process validated simulation models are requested to accurately predict power train vibration and comfort phenomena. Conclusions from refined parameter studies enable to avoid costly tests on... | |
| In this paper, analytical stress intensity factor solutions for spot welds with ideal geometry in lap-shear specimens of different materials and thicknesses are presented as functions of the applied load,... | |
| In this paper, experimental investigation on spray atomization and droplet dynamics inside a thermostatic expansion valve (TXV), a component commonly used in vehicle refrigeration system, was conducted. A needle and... | |
| In this paper, residual stresses due to single indentation and rolling on a finite plate at very high rolling loads are investigated by two-dimensional plane strain finite element analyses using... | |
| In this paper, the fatigue behavior of laser welds in lap-shear specimens of non-galvanized SAE J2340 300Y high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel sheets is investigated based on experimental observations... | |
| In this paper, the microstructure-based finite element modeling method is used in investigating the loading path dependence of formability of transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels. For this purpose, the effects... | |
| In this paper, we present a parameter-free, or a node-based optimization method for finding the smooth optimal free-form of automotive shell structures, including global and local curvature distributions such as... | |
| In this study, optical measurements were made of the combustion chamber gas during operation of a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine in order to obtain a better understanding of... | |
| In this study, the particle emission characteristics of 10% alternative diesel fuel blends (Rapeseed Methyl Ester and Gas-to-Liquid) were investigated through the tests carried out on a light duty common-rail... | |
| Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) is an emerging sheet metal prototyping technology where a part is formed as one or more stylus tools are moving in a pre-determined path and deforming... | |
| Initial results are presented for the production of hydrogen from waste lubricating oil using a chemical looping reforming (CLR) process. The development of flexible and sustainable sources of hydrogen will... | |
| Intake camshaft retard beyond that necessary for reliable cold start-ability is shown to improve part-load fuel economy. By retarding the intake camshaft timing, engine pumping losses can be reduced and... | |
| Intelligent tires are envisioned to be an important part of the future vehicle control systems and the three dimensional wireless MEMS accelerometers embedded inside the tire stand out as a... | |
| Intensive R&D is currently performed worldwide on hybrid and electric vehicles. For full electric vehicles the driving range is limited by the capacity of currently available batteries. If such a... | |
| Inverse numerical acoustics is a method which reconstructs the source surface normal velocity from the sound measured in the near-field around the source. This is of particular interest when the... | |
| Investigating the impact of JP-8 fuel on diesel engine performance and emission is very important for military combat vehicles, due to its great potential as alternative fuel under single fuel... | |
| It is important to understand the accuracy level of the formability analysis for any new process so that correct predictions can be made in product and die design. This report... | |
| It is well know that the internal flow field and nozzle geometry affected the spray behavior, but without high-speed microscopic visualization, it is difficult to characterize the spray structure in... | |
| Large motorcycles have a strong recreational aspect. Therefore, in addition to the sportiness that comes from the direct torque feel and the comfort that comes from the ease of operations,... | |
| Lean NOx Trap (LNT) catalysts can effectively reduce NOx from lean engine exhaust. Significant research for LNTs in diesel engine applications has been performed and has led to commercialization of... | |
| Limited technical studies to speciate particulate matter (PM) emissions from gasoline fueled vehicles have indicated that the lubricating oil may play an important role. It is unclear, however, how this... | |
| Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are becoming widely used high-energy sources and a replacement of the Nickel Metal Hydride batteries in electric vehicles (EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and plug-in hybrid electric... | |
| Long chain alcohols possess major advantages over the currently used ethanol as bio-components for gasoline, including higher energy content, better engine compatibility, and less water solubility. The rapid developments in... | |
| Looking back on steering systems in more than a hundred years that have passed since the introduction of the automobile, it can be seen that original method of controlling cars... | |
| Low-speed sideswipe collisions between tractor-semitrailers and passenger vehicles can result in large movements and extensive areas of visible damage to the passenger vehicle. However, depending on the specifics of the... | |
| Magnesium and aluminum alloys offer lightweighting opportunities in automotive applications. Joining of dissimilar materials, however, generally requires methods that do not involve fusion. This paper explores the use of self-pierce... | |
| Many applications of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) to commercial vehicles have used their corresponding diesel engine counterparts for their basic architecture. Here a review is made of the application to... | |
| Many heavy vehicles have an event data recorder (EDR) that can record pre-event and post-event information. It has been previously reported by researchers that the EDR speed is under-reported during... | |
| Mechanisms of NH\u2083 generation using LNT-like catalysts have been studied in a bench reactor over a wide range of temperatures, flow rates, reformer catalyst types and synthetic exhaust-gas compositions. The... | |
| MIL-STD-704 defines power quality in terms of transient, steady-state, and frequency-domain metrics that are applicable throughout a military aircraft electric power system. Maintaining power quality in more electric aircraft power... | |
| Minimizing engine oil consumption of modern engines has become an important issue and there is a need for better understanding associated sources and mechanisms. An innovative method based on the... | |
| Model based calibration has gained popularity in recent years as a method to optimize increasingly complex engine systems. However virtually all model based techniques are applied to steady state calibration. | |
| Models for off-road vehicles, such as farm equipment and military vehicles, require an off-road tire model in order to properly understand their dynamic behavior on off-road driving surfaces. Extensive literature... | |
| Modern diesel Fuel Injection Equipment (FIE) systems are susceptible to the formation of a variety of deposits. These can occur in different locations, e.g. in nozzle spray-holes and inside the... | |
| Modern heavy duty Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) diesel engines represent the state of the art in engine performance and design features, control architecture, and the use of light weight... | |
| Multi-stage draw process is an important stamping method to make complex sheet metal parts for automotive industry. Due to complexity, its development is challenging and time consuming. In this study,... | |
| Neutron diffraction is a powerful tool that can be used to identify the phases present and to measure the spacing of the atomic planes in a material. Thus, the residual... | |
| New European emissions legislation (Euro5) specifies a limit for Particle Number (PN) emissions and therefore drives measurement of PN during vehicle development and homologation. Concurrently, the use of biofuel is... | |
| Nitrogen oxide (NOx) sensing is required both for on-board diagnosis and optimal selective catalytic reduction (SCR)-catalyst control in heavy duty diesel engines. This can be accomplished either by physical solid-state... | |
| Nowadays there is an increasing need to streamline CAE processes. One such process consists of translating a Multibody Dynamics System (MBS) model into an equivalent Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model. | |
| Nowadays, developing of effective camless engine systems, allowing Variable Valve Actuation (VVA), is one of the fundamental automotive challenge to increase engine power, reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, as... | |
| Numerical simulation of aerodynamics for vehicle development is used to meet a wide range of performance targets, including aerodynamic drag for fuel efficiency, cooling flow rates, and aerodynamic lift for... | |
| Numerical simulations are performed to investigate noise generated by flow in automotive HVAC ducts. A hybrid computational method for analyzing flow noise is applied: Large Eddy Simulation (LES) for predicting... | |
| Once limited by insufficient accuracy, the off-the-shelf industrial robot has been enhanced via the integration of secondary encoders at the output of each of its axes. This in turn with... | |
| One of the challenges in the automotive industry is to develop new vehicles and new technologies with minimal costs. In this context, modeling becomes an important tool for the design... | |
| One of the issues in stamping of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) is the stretch bending fracture on a sharp radius (commonly referred to as shear fracture). Shear fracture typically... | |
| Optimal material selection for a part becomes quite challenging with dynamically changing data from various sources. Multiple manufacturing locations with varying supplier capabilities add to the complexity. There is need... | |
| Over the past few years the use of thermoplastic materials has been broadened considerably in many different parts of automotive components, such as door handles, dashboards, interior trim, seat covers,... | |
| Particulate matter (PM) trapping and oxidation in regeneration on the surface of a diesel particulate catalyst-membrane filter (DPMFs) were investigated in detail using an all-in-focus optical microscope. The DPMF consists... | |
| Partly competing objectives, as low fuel consumption, low friction, long oil maintenance rate, and at the same time lowest exhaust emissions have to be fulfilled. Diminishing resources, continuously reduced development... | |
| Passive safety regulations specify minimum safety performance requirements of vehicle in terms of protecting its occupants and other road users in accident scenarios. Currently for majority cases, the compliance of... | |
| Periodically, engine block-bearing cap structure is subject to the mixed bearing load from combustion and inertia mass of crank. Recently, due to the trend of lightness, cast steel is replaced... | |
| Piezoelectric materials are smart materials that can undergo mechanical deformation when electrically or thermally activated. An electric voltage is generated on the surfaces when a piezoelectric material is subjected to... | |
| Piston design is a challenging engineering problem which involves complex physics and requires satisfying multiple performance objectives. Uncertainty in piston operating conditions and variability in piston design variables are inevitable... | |
| Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) technologies have the potential for considerable petroleum consumption reductions, possibly at the expense of increased tailpipe emissions due to multiple "cold" start events and improper... | |
| Pollutant emissions standards (such like EURO 6 in Europe) are increasingly severe and force a search of new in-cylinder strategies and/or aftertreatment devices / schemes at a reasonable cost. On... | |
| Poor oxidation stability is the central problem associated with the commercial acceptance of the biodiesel. The EU standard (EN14214) specifies a minimum value of 6 h for biodiesel induction period... | |
| Porous materials are extensively used in the construction of automotive NVH parts. The sound package design during vehicle development requires simulation methods at vehicle level that can take into consideration... | |
| Predicting AHSS cracking during crash events and forming processes is an enabling technology for AHSS application. Several fracture criteria including MatFEM and Modified Mohr-Coulomb Criterion were developed recently. However, none... | |
| Prior technical work by various OEMs and lubricant formulators has identified lubricant-derived phosphorus as a key element capable of significantly reducing the efficiency of modern emissions control systems of gasoline-powered... | |
| Prior work by various OEMs has identified the ability of phosphorus-containin g compounds to interfere with the efficiency of modern emissions control systems utilized by gasoline-powered vehicles. Considering the growing... | |
| Proposed LEV-III emission level will require improvements in NMOG, CO and NOx emissions as measured over FTP and US06 emission cycles. Incremental improvements in washcoat technologies, cold start calibration and... | |
| Proving grounds are an extremely efficient means of qualifying the durability of vehicle components. They accelerate damage accumulation rates so failures are detectable in a very short period of time. | |
| Pushbuttons, knobs and plastic faceplates in automotive interiors are constantly exposed to chemicals such as sunscreen. In some instances, structural degradation of the plastic may occur with specific chemical agents... | |
| Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition combustion (RCCI) has been demonstrated at mid to high loads [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ] as a method... | |
| Recently Michelin has been developing a new airless, integrated tire and wheel combination called the Tweel® tire. The Tweel tire aims at performance levels beyond those possible with conventional pneumatic... | |
| Recently quietness has become an important quality parameter for automotive vehicles and as a result various improvements have been brought to reduce noise at system and vehicle level. Due to... | |
| Recently, automotive engines have been operating under harsh conditions of high-power, low viscosity oil and increase of start-stop (e.g. idling stop). In plain bearing used within engine, as oil film... | |
| Regenerative braking is one of the key enablers of improved energy efficiency and extension of driving range in parallel and series hybrid, and electric-only vehicles. It is still used in... | |
| Reliability is an important engineering requirement for consistently delivering acceptable product performance through time. As time progresses, the product may fail due to time-dependent operating conditions and material properties, component... | |
| Scuffing is a common source of failure for many mechanical components in automobiles. 8625 alloy steel is commonly used in camshafts, gears, piston pins, shafts, and splines. The purpose of... | |
| Seated posture inside a vehicle influences driver performance and control of a vehicle. Many vehicles do not properly allow for a natural seated posture for all drivers. Some vehicles are... | |
| Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NO using reductants such as urea continues to be of high interest to meet impending regulations. Vanadia supported on anatase titania is a well-established catalyst... | |
| Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx is coming into worldwide use for automotive diesel emissions control. To meet the most stringent standards, NOx conversion efficiency must exceed 80% while NH3... | |
| Serial link articulated robots applied in aerospace assembly have largely been limited in scope by deficiencies in positional accuracy. The majority of aerospace applications require tolerances of +/−0.25mm or less... | |
| Shell Elements based Parametric Frame Modeling is a powerful CAE tool, which can generate robust frame design concept optimized for NVH and durability quickly when combined with Taguchi Design of... | |
| Simultaneous crank-angle-resolved measurements of gasoline concentration and gas temperature were made with two-color mid-infrared (mid-IR) laser absorption in a production spark-ignition engine (Nissan MR20DE, 2.0L, 4 cyl, MPI with premium... | |
| Single-cylinder engine experiments were used to investigate a fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) concept in both light- and heavy-duty engines and comparisons were made between the two engine classes. | |
| Size reduction is a significant requirement for hybrid vehicle motors. To meet this requirement, a small new-structure transverse flux (T.F.) motor has been developed, with efforts focused on coil end... | |
| Solid particle emissions from a modern gasoline hybrid electrical vehicle (HEV) and a conventional gasoline vehicle were studied under diverse transient drive cycles on a chassis dynamometer. It is found... | |
| Spray formation and break-up are crucial phenomena for mixture formation inside diesel engines, both for combustion control and pollutant formation. Since the emission restrictions have become more and more severe... | |
| Springback prediction is one of the roadblocks for using advanced high strength steel in the automotive industry. Accurate characterization and modeling of the mechanical behavior of AHSS is recognized as... | |
| Structural adhesive joints are expected to retain integrity in their entire service-life that normally involves cyclic loading concurrent with environmental exposure. Under such a severe working condition, effective determination of... | |
| Studies have shown that the magnitude of pollutant emissions (e.g., NO and PM) from diesel engines operating on fatty acid methyl esters (i.e., FAME biodiesel) are related to the fatty... | |
| Surface temperature and heat flux were measured in a single cylinder SI engine piston when uncoated and with two different surface coatings: a metal TBC and YSZ. Average heat flux... | |
| Synthetic diesel fuels from Fischer-Tropsch or hydrotreating processes have high cetane numbers with respect to conventional diesel fuel. This study investigates diesel combustion characteristics with these high cetane fuels. A... | |
| Tailor-made multi-component fuels are currently being developed for advanced Diesel engines. Accordingly, there is renewed interest in the detailed evaporation characteristics of such multi-component fuels, in particular because soot formation... | |
| Test methods to evaluate vehicle compatibility are being studied worldwide. Compatibility performance is central in securing mutual protection in collisions between large and small vehicles. To consider compatibility performance, good... | |
| The Advanced Crash Avoidance Technologies (ACAT) program initiated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration had two major overall objectives. These were to develop a standardized Safety Impact Methodology (SIM)... | |
| The advancements made in modeling and parameter identification of nonlinear isolation components in the underlying investigation confirm the importance of accurate Multibody Dynamics modeling of these components for reducing vibration... | |
| The aim of the paper is the comparison of the injection process with different fuels, i.e. a standard diesel fuel and a pure biodiesel. Multiphase cavitating flows inside diesel nozzles... | |
| The aim of this paper is the experimental investigation of the effect of direct fuel injection on the combustion process and pollutant formation in a spark ignition (SI) two-wheel engine. | |
| The aim of this study was to synthesize environmentally adapted Trimethylolpropane (TMP) esters from cottonseed and soybean oils and to examine their quality parameters and tribological properties as potential lubricant... | |
| The aim of this work is to analyze particle number and size distribution from a small displacement Euro 5 common rail automotive diesel engine, equipped with a close coupled aftertreatment... | |
| The application of accelerated catalyst aging procedures on an engine dynamometer test bed for the purpose of demonstrating catalyst durability is examined. A proof-of-principle approach is followed using catalysts from... | |
| The application of stability systems on heavy vehicles clearly has numerous advantages, when the cost of the cargo, the service life of vehicles, and the vehicle potential for damage are... | |
| The authors investigated the injection and combustion characteristics of a methyl oleate (Methyl 9(Z)-octadecenoate C19H36O2; Mw 296.495), in blends with diesel No. 2 of 20-50% (wt./wt.) in order to evaluate... | |
| The basic idea of accelerated life testing (ALT) is to expose test units of a product to harsher-than-normal operating conditions to expedite failures so that the failure time distribution of... | |
| The behavior of the compression system in turbochargers is studied with a one-dimensional engine simulation code. The system consists of an upstream compressor duct open to ambient, a centrifugal compressor,... | |
| The behavior of the engine-out UHC and CO emissions from a light-duty diesel optical engine operating at two PPCI conditions was investigated for fifteen different fuels, including diesel fuels, biofuel... | |
| The Cessna Citation CJ4, certified on March 12, 2010, is believed to be the first civil aircraft with a Lithium Ion main battery. The 26.4VDC, 44Ah Lithium Ion main battery... | |
| The continuous increase of the green house emissions in conjunction with the limited and finite fuel resources make the improvement of efficiency of all engines, converting fuel chemical energy to... | |
| The conventional forming limit curve (FLC) has been widely and successfully used as a failure criterion to detect localized necking in stamping. However, in stamping advanced high strength steels (AHSS),... | |
| The current paper presents a by cylinder IMEP estimator which operates completely free of direct cylinder pressure sensor measurement and which, when coupled with associated closed loop torque controller and... | |
| The data shown in the previously published version of Figure 4 is from experiments performed with corn at 14%, rather than 21% as intended and indicated by the caption. The... | |
| The design of a safe transportation system requires numerous design decisions that should be based on data acquired by rigorous scientific method. Naturalistic data collection and analysis methods are a... | |
| The drive to incorporate renewable resources continues to gain momentum within the automotive industry. FXI has developed a grade of low (1.7 pcf) density slabstock foam which uses a natural... | |
| The drive to reduce particle emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines has reached the stage where the contribution from the lubricant can have a major impact on the total amount of... | |
| The effect of injection pressure ranging from 100 to 300MPa on the ignition, flame development and soot formation characteristics of biodiesel fuel spray using a common rail injection system for... | |
| The effects of using a B30 blend of ultra-low sulfur diesel and two different Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) obtained from both Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME) and Jatropha Methyl Ester... | |
| The effects of using neat FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) in a modern small displacement passenger car diesel engine have been evaluated in this paper. In particular the effects on... | |
| The enactment of FMVSS 126 requires specific safety performance in vehicles 4,536 Kg (10,000 pounds) or less using an Electronic Stability Control (ESC) system as standard equipment by 2011. Further,... | |
| The energy dissipated by the fracture of wooden utility poles during vehicle impacts is not currently well documented, is dependent upon non-homogenous timber characteristics, and can therefore be difficult to... | |
| The engineering process in the development of commercial vehicles is facing more and more stringent emission regulations while at the same time the market demands for better performance but with... | |
| The evaluation of vehicles real emissions circulating in urban areas is a basic activity for planning and management of implemented traffic measures aiming at emission control and air quality improvement. | |
| The exhaust blowdown pulse from each cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine propagates through the exhaust manifold and can affect the in-cylinder pressure of other cylinders which have open exhaust valves. | |
| The finite nature and instability of fossil fuel supply has led to an increasing and enduring investigation demand of alternative and regenerative fuels. An investigation program is carried out to... | |
| The focus of this research is to perform a detailed investigation of the tradeoffs between mass, efficiency, service factor (SF), power factor (PF), and cost of commercially available induction machines... | |
| The fuel air ratio imbalance between individual cylinders can result in poor fuel economy and severe exhaust emissions. Individual cylinder fuel air ratio control is one of the important techniques... | |
| The fuel injection equipment (FIE) has always been paramount to the performance of the Diesel engine. Increasingly stringent emissions regulations have dictated that the FIE becomes more precise and sophisticated. | |
| The fuel-ambient mixture in vaporized fuel jets produced by liquid sprays is fundamental to the performance and operation of engines. Unfortunately, experimental difficulties limit the direct measurement of local fuel-ambient... | |
| The future deployment of safety-oriented Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) technology may be hindered due to the so-called "Market Penetration" problem: as a wireless network built from scratch, there is... | |
| The growing availability of different biofuels and synthetic fuels is leading to increased diversity of automotive fuels. Understanding how fuel properties affect combustion and how engine calibration strategies can compensate... | |
| The Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine is positioned as a next-generation internal combustion engine and has been the focus of extensive research in recent years to develop a practical... | |
| The improvement of engine efficiency, without adversely affecting oil consumption, blowby-gas, wear, or costs are desirable objectives for today's engine manufacturers as they strive to improve engine performance while trying... | |
| The in-cabin sound pressure level response of a vehicle in yawed wind conditions can differ significantly between the smooth flow conditions of the aeroacoustic wind tunnel and the higher turbulence,... | |
| The influence of soy- and palm-based biofuels on the in-cylinder sources of unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) and carbon monoxide (CO) was investigated in an optically accessible research engine operating in a... | |
| The Inlet-Membrane DPF, which has a small pore size membrane formed on the inlet side of the body wall, has been developed as a next generation diesel particulate filter (DPF). | |
| The introduction of alternative fuels is crucial to limit greenhouse gases. CNG is regarded as one of the most promising clean fuels given its worldwide availability, its low price and... | |
| The introduction of CO\u2082-reduction technologies like Start-Stop or the Hybrid-Powertrain and the future emission legislation require a detailed optimization of the engine start-up. The combustion concept development as well as... | |
| The investigations into the emissions from light-duty vehicles are carried out on a chassis dynamometer in the NEDC test in Europe and FTP75 test in the US. Such tests do... | |
| The Lambert-Beer's coefficient K was measured in a wide range of temperatures (400-1200K) and pressures (2-8.2 MPa) in this paper. Based on the measured MAP of K and principle of... | |
| The low temperature conditions that occur during high efficiency clean combustion (HECC) often lead to the formation of partially oxidized HC species such as aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids. Using... | |
| The low-temperature performance characteristics of a commercial lean NO X trap catalyst were evaluated using infra-red thermography (IRT) before and after a high-temperature aging step. Reaction tests included propylene oxidation,... | |
| The major actions that move a highway vehicle are the forces and moments generated between the tire and ground; hence, the validity of a simulated vehicle test depends on the... | |
| The measurement of spray penetration length is one of crucial tasks for understanding the characteristics of diesel spray and combustion. For this reason, many researchers have devised various measurement techniques,... | |
| The method of converting NOx with urea SCR is an effective solution for complying with the stringent NOx emission legislations of the future, particularly in the case of heavy duty... | |
| The Michelin Tweel tire structure has recently been developed as an innovative non-pneumatic tire which has potential for improved handling, grip, comfort, low energy loss when impacting obstacles and reduced... | |
| The multitude of megatrends influencing today's auto industry has clearly defined the need for new high performance thermal plastic composite materials that will extend product life under harsh conditions. In... | |
| The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has identified ejection mitigation as a top priority, issuing a notice of proposed ruling making (NPRM) in December of 2009. The NPRM proposes... | |
| The nodal force based Battelle structural stress method has shown its mesh insensitivity in the stress analysis of spot welds as well as fusion welds. In the conventional structural stress... | |
| The objective for this study was to revisit some of the known factors that affect legibility including font characteristics, as well as, contrast polarity, luminance contrast, and color contrast under... | |
| The objective of this study was to evaluate the concept of a heavy-duty tractor - motorized semi-trailer hybrid electric combination, which would have electric drive axles on the semi-trailer. The... | |
| The oil film that forms between piston rings and cylinder liners is an essential parameter which influences parasitic loss and emission rates in an internal combustion (IC) engine. Several methods... | |
| The paper describes the aerodynamic development and optimization process of the three different new models of the Audi A6/A7 family. The body types of these three models represent the three... | |
| The paper describes the principal features of Omnivore, a spark-ignition-based research engine designed to investigate the possibility of true wide-range HCCI operation on a variety of fossil and renewable liquid... | |
| The paper discusses the concept, specification and performance of a new, dedicated range extender engine for plug-in series hybrid vehicles conceived and designed by Lotus Engineering. This has been undertaken... | |
| The paper presented herein, combines various aspects of hybrid electric powertrain technology with the mechanics of multi-axle drivelines. Starting with a review of why automotive engineers desire to implement electrified... | |
| The paper presents a comparative analysis of the operational parameters, smoke emission and the content of toxic components in exhaust gases of a compression ignition engine fuelled with fossil diesel,... | |
| The paper presents a study on the influence of increased rail pressure on the flow field of an injector nozzle at pressures of up to 3200 bar. Additionally the influence... | |
| The paper presents linear and non-linear driveline models for Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs) in order to evaluate the main parameters for optimal tuning, when considering the drivability. The implemented models... | |
| The paper presents some results of an examination of a dual fuel compression ignition engine fuelled with natural gas and diesel oil and a new concept of a dual fuel... | |
| The paper will discuss the design and development of heavy-duty diesel engines to meet the US EPA 2010 on-highway standards - 0.2 g/HP-hr NOx and 0.01 g/HP-hr particulate matter (PM). | |
| The performance of a vehicle traversing over natural snowy terrain depends on the geometric and material properties of snow; these properties can change spatially and temporally depending on environmental conditions. | |
| The performance of an EGR cooler is influenced significantly by particulate fouling in the cooler. As a result of fouling, a highly porous soot deposit layer is formed in the... | |
| The physical and optical properties viz., water absorption pattern, density, color and opacity of oil palm fiber-LLDPE composites were studied. The effect of fiber size, fiber loading and fiber treatment... | |
| The post-flame oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons released from the ring-pack crevice was investigated for a small, air-cooled, spark-ignition utility engine. Spark timing sweeps were performed at 50, 75 and 100%... | |
| The potential impact of real world accident scenarios on fuel cell vehicles equipped with a compressed hydrogen storage system is analyzed from a component point of view. Even though hydrogen... | |
| The potential of boosted HCCI for achieving high loads has been investigated for intake pressures (P i \u207f) from 100 kPa (naturally aspirated) to 325 kPa absolute. Experiments were conducted... | |
| The potential of low temperature combustion to yield low NOx and soot while maintaining diesel-like thermal efficiencies has been demonstrated through countless studies. Methods of achieving low temperature combustion are... | |
| The preform annealing process is a two-stage stamping method for shaping non age-hardenable (i.e. 5000 series) aluminum sheet panels in which the panel is heat treated in between the two... | |
| The present paper describes some results of a research project aimed at studying the impact of alternative fuels blends on the emissions and fuel consumption of an Euro 5 automotive... | |
| The present production General Motors 2-Mode Hybrid system for full-size SUVs and pickup trucks integrates truck utility functions with a full hybrid system. The 2-mode hybrid system incorporates two electro-mechanical... | |
| The properties of oil palm fiber were estimated and compared with oil seed flax and industrial hemp fibers. Biocomposite of oil palm fiber and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was... | |
| The purpose of this paper is to apply the concept of the frequency spectrum as derived from a Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) system, establish the accelerated vibration specification, and... | |
| The purpose of this paper is to propose a control method to reduce acceleration shock in motorcycles. Reducing the acceleration shock is very important in improving driveability of motorcycles. Motorcycles... | |
| The purpose of this work is to describe a technique that is capable of determining the induction system deposits (ISD) tendencies of gasoline, applying the ISD apparatus developed at Southwest... | |
| The purpose of this work is to perform an analysis on the modifications necessary to convert a four-stroke engine into a non-conventional two-stroke engine. The first aim of this work... | |
| The quest for sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels leads to a growing diversification of the molecular structures of fuel sources. Since ignition is a vital property in the choice of... | |
| The r-value is a very important parameter in the forming simulations of high strength steels, especially for steels with prominent anisotropy. R-values for sheet steels conventionally measured by extensometers were... | |
| The rear end geometry of road vehicles has a significant impact on aerodynamic drag and hence on energy consumption. Notchback (sedan) geometries can produce a particularly complex flow structure which... | |
| The rear seat occupant has been the subject of an increasing number of research efforts in recent years. However, the majority of the research has focused on frontal impact, while... | |
| The recent development of diesel engine fuel injection systems has been dominated by how to manage the degrees of freedom that common rail multi-pulse systems now offer. A number of... | |
| The recent interest in IntelliDrive(SM) and vehicle connectivity has gone past previous notions of automatic collision notification, internet browsing and off board navigation. Now, in addition to applying the 5.9... | |
| The relationship between gasoline properties and vehicle particulate matter emissions was investigated, for the purpose of constructing a predictive model. Various chemical species were individually blended with an indolene base... | |
| The removal of soot in the lubricating sumps of diesel engines is a formidable task, further compounded by the introduction of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR). Efficient removal of soot would... | |
| The research on using natural fibres as the reinforcement in plastic composites has increased dramatically in the last few years. Flax fibres are renewable resources with low specific mass, reduced... | |
| The ride dynamics of typical North-American soil compactors were investigated via analytical and experimental methods. A 12-degrees-of-freedo m in-plane ride dynamic model of a single-drum compactor was formulated through integrations... | |
| The riveting process with a solid rivet is one of the most applied joining processes in the aeronautic industry. New materials and new design requirements constitute challenges that drive the... | |
| The role of the engine brake is to convert a power-producing engine into a power-absorbing retarding mechanism. Modern heavy-duty vehicles are usually equipped with a compression braking mechanism that augments... | |
| The Scuderi engine is a split cycle design that divides the four strokes of a conventional combustion cycle over two paired cylinders, one intake/compression cylinder and one power/exhaust cylinder, connected... | |
| The Scuderi internal combustion engine is characterized by a split cycle that divides the four strokes of a conventional combustion cycle over two paired cylinders, one intake/compression cylinder and one... | |
| The soot distribution as function of ambient O\u2082 mole fraction in a heavy-duty diesel engine was investigated at low load (6 bar IMEP) with laser-induced incandescence (LII) and natural luminosity. | |
| The spark ignition (SI) engine has been known to exhibit several different abnormal combustion phenomena, such as knock or pre-ignition, which have been addressed with improved engine design or control... | |
| The target of the investigation is the particular influence of a fuel injection system and its components as a noise source in automotive engines. The applied methodology is demonstrated on... | |
| The topic of CO\u2082 and fuel consumption reductions from vehicles is a very broad and complex issue, encompassing vehicle regulations, biofuel mandates, and a vast assortment of engine and vehicle... | |
| The torque converter and torque converter clutch are critical devices governing overall power transfer efficiency in automatic transmission powertrains. With calibrations becoming more aggressive to meet increasing fuel economy standards,... | |
| The typical approach for body load simulation during 7-Post testing has been to match body motion and forces for a known suspension setup condition, and then to maintain the applied... | |
| The unattended left behind of children in parked vehicles is one of the major causes of lethal or serious injuries to children in non-traffic accidents in the U. S. For... | |
| The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) and the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership-Vehicle Safety Communications 2 (CAMP-VSC2) Consortium (Ford, General Motors, Honda, Mercedes-Benz, and Toyota) initiated, in December 2006, a... | |
| The US Army is currently assessing the feasibility and defining the requirements of a Single Common Powertrain Lubricant (SCPL). This new lubricant would consist of an all-season (arctic to desert),... | |
| The USDOT and the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership-Vehicle Safety Communications 2 (CAMP-VSC2) Consortium (Ford, GM, Honda, Mercedes, and Toyota) initiated, in December 2006, a three-year collaborative effort in the area... | |
| The use of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) in conjunction with a diesel particulate filter (DPF) is now a well-established aftertreatment system design for on-road heavy duty diesel. For non-road... | |
| The use of biofuels in internal combustion engines changes the composition of the engine exhaust gas. When burning a biofuel blend, significant amounts of oxygenated hydrocarbons such as alcohols, ethers... | |
| The use of butanol as an alternative biofuel blend component for conventional diesel fuel has been under extensive investigation. However, some fuel properties such as cetane number and lubricity fall... | |
| The use of early and late injection diesel Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) strategies in the low to mid load operating range are becoming increasingly popular options for production diesel engines... | |
| The use of Expanded Polyolefin foams including Expanded Polypropylene (EPP) material for interior applications has grown over the years to include applications throughout the vehicle. The demand for weight and... | |
| The use of model-based software development in automotive applications has increased in recent years. Current vehicles contain millions of lines of code, and millions of dollars are spent each year... | |
| The valve train plays a huge role in the performance of internal combustion engines by controlling the combustion process and is therefore one starting point to increase the efficiency of... | |
| The wear of thrust 51100 rolling bearings was investigated and their dissipative responses in a bench test rig were associated to their heating, elastic energy of mechanical vibration and Sound... | |
| The world's first large scale commercial Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) fuel production plant using low temperature Fischer-Tropsch (LTFT) technology, Oryx GTL, has been in operation in Qatar since 2007. The first on-specification... | |
| There are limited scientific data available on the acceleration and braking performance of modern snowmobiles. In this study we investigated the acceleration and deceleration characteristics of four modern snowmobiles of... | |
| There are many known problems in water cooling systems in the industrial applications such as corrosion, scale, fouling, microbiological growth, etc. Not only the same problems are expected in the... | |
| There are numerous parameters that affect the handling characteristics of ground vehicles. Among those, lateral and torsional body stiffness plays a major role. Increasing the body stiffness not only improves... | |
| There is an increasing demand in automated manufacturability analysis of metal castings at the initial stages of their design. This paper presents a system developed for virtual manufacturability analysis of... | |
| This paper 2x explores some of the important considerations in devising a practical and consistent framework and methodology for working with experiments and experimental data in connection with modeling and... | |
| This paper aims to indicate the advantages and any drawbacks of high frequency alternating current (HFAC) power for vehicle auxiliary electrical systems. Generally, benefits of HFAC include efficient power distribution... | |
| This paper deals with experimental study of in-cylinder tumble flows in a single-cylinder, four-stroke, two-valve internal combustion engine using a pentroof-offset-bowl piston under non-reacting conditions with four intake manifold orientations... | |
| This paper demonstrates that the implementation of Flash Gas Bypass method can improve the performance of conventional direct expansion R134a mobile air-conditioning system with a microchannel evaporator. This method uses... | |
| This paper describes a framework for developing an Integrated Electrical Power System (EPS) Health Management System. The framework is based on the perspective that health management, unlike other capabilities, is... | |
| This paper describes a simple statistical method to statistically disaggregate industrial energy use into production-dependent , weather-dependent and independent components. This simple statistical disaggregation has many uses, including improving model... | |
| This paper describes an enhanced application of variable cam timing (VCT) systems for improved conservation of energy and phase rate performance at high temperature and low RPM conditions. This virtual... | |
| This paper describes the development of a design method and process for quality variation control. Conventional approaches utilizing Taguchi method [ 6 , 7 , 8 ] can quantify the... | |
| This paper describes the development of the fixed seat eyellipse in the October 2008 revision of SAE Recommended Practice J941. The eye locations of 23 men and women with a... | |
| This paper develops a novel integrated navigational system for autonomous vehicle motion control. Vehicle control is defined in terms of the required vehicle steering angle, rate of steering change and... | |
| This paper discusses an approach to construct a high fidelity surrogate tire model using a two-phase optimization-based algorithm that draws on data generated by off-line nonlinear ABAQUS tire simulations. It... | |
| This paper discusses the fundamentals of architecting a major human spaceflight program and some of the lessons that can be learned from NASA's Constellation Program. This paper describes the Constellation... | |
| This paper evaluates the impact of energy management strategy on the cost benefits of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) by taking into account the impact of PHEV energy management... | |
| This paper examines the issues concerning particulate matter (PM) emissions measurement at the 3 mg/mi level proposed as the future LEV III standard. These issues are general in nature, but... | |
| This paper introduces a promising approach for developing an integrated traction motor drive based on the Integrated Modular Motor Drive (IMMD) concept. The IMMD concept strives to meet aggressive power... | |
| This paper presents a method for reliability assessment of the electric grid with distributed generation providing support to the system. Evaluation of customer controlled distributed generation contribution is done for... | |
| This paper presents a methodology for simulating Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) for a typical vehicle bonnet (hood) under a range of onset flow conditions. The hood was chosen for this... | |
| This paper presents a verification of the effectiveness of an image processing method, used to reduce the inconsistent speed perception caused by using the camera images in conjunction with side-view... | |
| This paper presents an analytical approach to model an interior permanent magnet motor for a hybrid electric vehicle. Therefore, an analytical model for the calculation of parameters of an interior... | |
| This paper presents an approach to predict the far field sound pressure for a diesel engine using the inverse boundary element method. In this approach, near field sound pressure is... | |
| This paper presents an electrically driven intelligent brake system that has been developed for electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, which are expected to penetrate markets rapidly amid the ongoing... | |
| This paper presents some of the challenges and successful outcomes in developing the aerodynamic characteristics of the Chevrolet Volt, an electric vehicle with an extended-range capability. While the Volt's propulsion... | |
| This paper proposes a framework to perform design optimization of a series PHEV and investigates the impact of using real-world driving inputs on final design. Real-World driving is characterized from... | |
| This paper proposes a new motor design procedure for reducing motor loss in hybrid vehicles (HEV) and electric vehicles (EV). To find an optimum design in a short time, a... | |
| This paper proposes a rolling machine that forms fine corrugated section patterns for thin sheets. A prototype of the machine was made and the performance of the machine was tested. | |
| This paper provides a published counterpart to the address of the same title at the 2010 SAE World Congress. A vehicle on the road encounters an unsteady flow due to... | |
| This paper provides some insight into the future direction for developing smaller capacity downsized engines, which will be needed to meet tight CO\u2082 targets and the world's future powertrain requirements. | |
| This paper reports on the comprehensive applications testing of the first commercial volumes of Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) diesel produced via the Sasol Slurry Phase Distillate\u2122 (Sasol SPD\u2122) process, a Low Temperature... | |
| This paper reports the study of the effects of alternative diesel fuel and the impact for the air-fuel mixture preparation. The injection process characterization has been carried out in a... | |
| This paper summarizes the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) methodology, special equipment, set-up and testing that is recommended to properly characterize the surface of bearing journals that will not result in... | |
| This paper will present the results of 3-D finite element analyses of single lap adhesive joints between magnesium and three other automotive materials, namely steel, aluminum and SRIM composites. The... | |
| This research attempts to investigate the effect of change in system curve on the energy intensity method of measurement and verification of energy savings. With recent push from US government... | |
| This research examined driver acceptance and behavior associated with Speed Limit and Curve Advisor systems, including influences on speed choice. Drivers experienced messages from an emulated Speed Limit and Curve... | |
| This research paper addresses the ground vehicle reliability prediction process based on a new integrated reliability prediction framework. The integrated stochastic framework combines the computational physics-based predictions with experimental testing... | |
| This review summarizes the latest developments in diesel emissions regarding regulations, engines, NOx (nitrogen oxides) control, particulate matter (PM) reductions, and hydrocarbon (HC) and CO oxidation. Regulations are advancing with... | |
| This SAE Technical Paper gives a summary of the essential findings in the development and operation of a test engine dedicated to the measuring of the friction between the piston... | |
| This study aims to identify the factors that control particulate matter (PM) formation and size distribution in direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engines. The test engine used for this research was a... | |
| This study deals with a coupled experimental and modeling approach of Diesel Particulate Filter cracking. A coupled model (heat transfer, mass transfer, chemical reactions) is used to predict the temperature... | |
| This study investigates the impact of mid-high biodiesel blends on the criteria and PAH emissions from a modern pick-up diesel vehicle. The vehicle was a Euro 4 (category N1, subclass... | |
| This study investigates the potential of controlling premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion strategies by varying fuel reactivity. In-cylinder fuel blending using port fuel injection of gasoline and early cycle,... | |
| This study presents a method for determining the time to collision (TTC) at which a driver of the striking vehicle in a real-world, lead vehicle stopped (LVS) rear-end collision applied... | |
| This study presents an on-road evaluation of driver performance when controlling in-car technology via a handheld or voice-controlled interface. Participants drove with an experimenter on public roads while making mobile... | |
| This study reports pedal activation forces and typical acceleration and deceleration rates during everyday driving activities. Twenty subjects of varying ages, height and weight participated in the study. Each subject... | |
| This work experimentally investigated the effect of fuel temperature on nano-scale particulate matter (PM) from a Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition (DISI) engine. The first part of the investigation focused on the effect... | |
| Three different acoustic finite element models of an automobile passenger compartment are developed and experimentally assessed. The three different models are a traditional model, an improved model, and an optimized... | |
| Through microscopic visualization experiments, a process generally known as depth filtration was shown to be caused by surface pores. Moreover, the existence of a soot cake layer was an important... | |
| Time dependent mechanical breakdown of materials has been a long-standing concern for structural components, and it is especially exacerbated by randomness in material properties, loading conditions, and other sources of... | |
| Titanium is a difficult material to fabricate into complex configurations. There is several elevated temperature forming processes available to produce titanium components for aerospace applications. The processes to be discussed... | |
| To improve the formability of advanced high strength steels, the interaction between steel sheet, tool material and tool coating was investigated. Square cup drawing experiments were conducted to determine the... | |
| To make informed decisions about travel and vehicle purchase, consumers need unbiased and accurate information of the fuel economy they will actually obtain. In the past, the EPA fuel economy... | |
| To meet increasingly stringent diesel exhaust emissions requirements, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have introduced common rail fuel injection systems that develop pressures of up to 2000 bar (30,000 psi). In... | |
| To predict and minimize squeal propensity in brake systems, numerous models, which perform friction induced vibration, are available. However, today there is no model that can explain satisfactorily the dynamic... | |
| To realistically predict the dynamics of a vehicle, the forces and moments in the contact patch must be accurately computed. A two-dimensional semi-empirical transient tire model was previously developed in... | |
| To uprate a 6-Cylinder In-line engine from 123 kW to 165 kW in power and upgrade the emission from Euro-2 to Euro-3 it was required to go for higher peak-firing... | |
| Today's automotive and electronics technologies are evolving so rapidly that educators and industry are both challenged to re-educate the technological workforce in the new area before they are replaced with... | |
| Today's powertrains are becoming more and more complex due to the increasing number of gear box types requiring gearshift patterns like conventional (equipped with GSI) and automatic-manual transmissions (AT, AMT),... | |
| Today, Direct-Injection systems are widely used on Spark-Ignition engines in combination with turbo-charging to reduce the fuel-consumption and the knock risks. In particular, the spread of Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI)... | |
| Total and solid particle mass, size, and number were measured in the dilute exhaust of a 2009 vehicle equipped with a gasoline direct injection engine along with an exhaust three-way-catalyst. | |
| Transit buses contribute a meager amount to the U.S. criteria pollutant and greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory, but they attract a lot of attention from the public and from local government,... | |
| Turbulent Jet Ignition is an advanced pre-chamber initiated combustion system for an otherwise standard spark ignition engine found in current on-road vehicles. This next-generation pre-chamber design overcomes previous packaging obstacles... | |
| Turbulent Jet Ignition is an advanced pre-chamber initiated combustion system for an otherwise standard spark ignition engine found in current on-road vehicles. This type of ignition enables very fast burn... | |
| Turbulent Jet Ignition is an advanced spark-initiated pre-chamber combustion system for an otherwise standard spark ignition engine found in current on-road vehicles. This next-generation pre-chamber design simply replaces the spark... | |
| Two-poster rig plays a very important role in accelerated durability evaluation in a motorcycle industry, similar to what a four-poster rig does in a car industry. The rig simulates the... | |
| U.S. Army ground vehicles predominately use JP-8 as the energy source for ground vehicles based on the 'one fuel forward policy'. Though this policy was enacted almost twenty years ago,... | |
| Ultrafine particles and NOx emissions of two kinds of biodiesels and their blends with diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive were compared under two engine speeds and three loads on... | |
| Ultrasonic spot welds were made between sheets of 0.8-mm-thick hot-dip-galvanized mild steel and 1.6-mm-thick AZ31B-H24. Lap-shear strengths of 3.0-4.2 kN were achieved with weld times of 0.3-1.2 s. Failure to... | |
| Under the borderline autoignition conditions experienced during cold-starting of diesel engines, the amount and composition of residual gases may play a deterministic role. Among the intermediate species produced by misfiring... | |
| Understanding reliability is critical in design, maintenance and durability analysis of engineering systems. A reliability simulation methodology is presented in this paper for vehicle fleets using limited data. The method... | |
| Understanding the flow characteristics and, especially, how the aerodynamic forces are influenced by the changes in the vehicle body shape, are very important in order to improve vehicle aerodynamics. One... | |
| Unique silver/alumina (Ag-Al\u2082O\u2083) catalysts developed using high-throughput discovery techniques in collaboration with BASF Corporation were investigated at General Motors Corporation under simulated lean-burn engine exhaust feed conditions for the selective... | |
| Using a 1D simulation that transforms the 3D shape of intake-exhaust systems into one dimension and calculates the thermodynamics and fluid gas dynamics of internal combustion engines, a prediction technology... | |
| Using alternative fuels like Natural Gas (NG) has shown good potentials on heavy duty engines. Heavy duty NG engines can be operated either lean or stoichiometric diluted with EGR. Extending... | |
| Vehicle safety remains a significant concern for consumers, government agencies, and automotive manufacturers. One critical type of vehicle accident results from the right or left side tires leaving the road... | |
| Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastru cture (V2I) networks within the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) lead to safety and mobility improvements in vehicle road traffic. This paper presents case studies that support... | |
| Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication systems can enable a number of wireless-based vehicle features that can improve traffic safety, driver convenience, and roadway efficiency and facilitate many types of in-vehicle services. These... | |
| Vehicles on the road operate in the turbulent flow field resulting from the combined effects of the natural wind and the wakes of other vehicles. While substantial data exists on... | |
| Vehicles produced in decades past were fitted with very few antennas. In most cases only an AM or FM antenna was required. In contrast to this, today's vehicles are fitted... | |
| Virtual simulation of passenger compartment climatic conditions is becoming increasingly important as a complement to the wind tunnel and field testing to achieve improved thermal comfort while reducing the vehicle... | |
| Virtual Simulations tools are extensively utilized by many industries today in product development processes. In auto industry, however, this utilization has not reached its full potential. So far virtual simulations... | |
| Virtual testing is a method that simulates lab testing using multi-body dynamic analysis software. The main advantages of this approach include that the design can be evaluated before a prototype... | |
| We investigated the catalytic performance of a porous-structured paper coated with precious metals such as palladium (Pd) and others. A honeycomb-shaped paper catalyst was successfully produced by paper making techniques,... | |
| We know that the existing urban transport systems based on the private vehicle (necessarily relying mostly on fossil fuels) are not sustainable in terms of energy and land needs. On... | |
| Wet clutches are important components used in the transmission and drive trains of many modern vehicles. The clutches transfer torque via the friction between a number of friction discs and... | |
| Whether it be in highly visible features like fascinating new infotainment systems or hidden behind the scenes in complex new hybrid powertrain controls, in-vehicle software is rapidly changing the way... | |
| Wide attention to fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) comes from two huge issues currently the world is facing with: the concern of the petroleum reserves depletion due to consequent oil... | |
| With Ford SYNC, Microsoft Corporation and Ford Motor Company have democratized in-vehicle infotainment systems - delighting consumers and bringing a new kind of agility to the automobile industry. Built on... | |
| With the current use of bio-renewable fuel, the application of Ethanol in Flex-Fuel vehicles presents a very low CO2 emission alternative when the complete cycle, from plantation, fuel production, till... | |
| With the growing environmental concerns, biodegradable materials are gaining more importance. Biocomposites which are made from a combination of biological fiber such as flax and hemp together with plastics are... | |
| With the increasing demand for fuel efficient vehicles, technologies like superplastic forming (SPF) are being developed and implemented to allow for the utilization of lightweight automotive sheet materials. While forming... | |
| With the introduction of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), the conventional mindset of "fill-up time" will be challenged as customers top off their battery packs. For example, using a standard 120VAC... | |
| With the objective of establishing the ultimate steering operation system for drivers, we developed, based on bioengineering considerations, the Twin Lever Steering (TLS) system which mimicks the bi-articular muscles, as... | |
| Work was performed to determine the feasibility of operating heavy-duty natural gas engines over a wide range of fuel compositions by evaluating engine performance and emission levels. Heavy-duty compressed natural... |
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