Preface
This is the fifth edition of CSA Z341 Series, Storage of hydrocarbons in underground formations, which consists of CSA Z341.1, Reservoir storage, CSA Z341.2, Salt cavern storage, and CSA Z341.4, Salt cavern waste disposal. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2014, 2010, 2006, and 2002. It also replaces CSA Z341, published as a single Standard in 1998 and 1993.
This Series of Standards covers the storage of hydrocarbons and wastes from hydrocarbon production in naturally formed geological reservoirs and solution-mined salt caverns. This Series is intended to establish essential requirements and minimum standards for the design, construction, operation, maintenance, abandonment, and safety of underground storage systems. Users are reminded that this Series is not a design handbook; it is necessary to exercise competent engineering judgment in conjunction with its use.
Major revisions to this edition are found as follows:
a) CSA Z341 Series:
i) All three standards have been reordered to more closely reflect the order in which underground storage projects are executed:
1) Clause 4, Location of underground storage facilities was previously Clause 6;
2) Clause 5, Design and development was previously Clause 7;
3) Clause 6, Materials was previously Clause 4;
4) Clause 7, Well completion and conversion was previously Clause 5;
5) Clause 8, Surface facilities was previously Clause 9; and
6) Clause 9, Development and construction was previously Clause 8;
ii) Annex A (updates reflecting changes to the clauses above);
iii) Clause 3 (casing accessories);
iv) Clauses 3 and 7.4.11 (cement integrity log);
v) Clause 7.2.3 (core handling);
vi) Clause 7.3.7 (number of casings);
vii) Clauses 7.4.2 and 7.4.6 (salt-saturated preflushes);
viii) Clause 7.4.3 (cement compressive strengths); and
ix) Clause 10.3.3 (surface pipe monitoring).
b) CSA Z341.1:
i) Clause A.13.16 site restoration (removed).
c) CSA Z341.2:
i) Clause 3 (cavern system);
ii) Clause 8.3 (emergency shutdown valve pressure rating);
iii) Clauses 9.3.2 and 10.2.5.1 (mechanical integrity tests);
iv) Clauses 9.3.2, 10.2.5.3, and C.3.1 (digital pressure measurement);
v) Clauses 9.4.2 and 10.3.2 (cathodic protection);
vi) Clauses 10.2.5, 10.2.6, and 10.2.7 were reordered;
vii) Clause 13 (plugging, abandonment and site restoration);
viii) Clause 13.3 site restoration (removed);
ix) Annex (updates reflecting clauses above); and
x) Clause C.6 (interpreting mechanical integrity test results).
d) CSA Z341.4:
i) Clause 3 (cavern system);
ii) Clause 8.3 (emergency shutdown valve pressure rating);
iii) Brine pressure testing has been removed;
iv) Clauses 9.3.2 and 10.2.5 (mechanical integrity tests);
v) Clauses 9.3.2, 10.2.5 and C.3.1 (digital pressure measurement);
vi) Clauses 9.3.2 and 10.3.2 (cathodic protection);
vii) Clauses 10.2.5, 10.2.6 and 10.2.7 were reordered;
viii) Clause 13 (plugging, abandonment and site restoration);
ix) Clause 13.3 site restoration (removed);
x) Annex A (updates reflecting clauses above); and
xi) Clause C.6 (interpreting mechanical integrity test results).
Annex A in each Standard provides commentary that complements and clarifies the clauses of CSA Z341.1, CSA Z341.2, and CSA Z341.4.
The requirements of this Series are adequate under conditions normally encountered in the storage industry. Requirements for abnormal or unusual conditions are not specifically addressed, and complete details of engineering and construction are not provided. It is intended that all work performed within the scope of this Series will meet or exceed the safety standards expressed or implied in the Series. It is possible that changes will have to be made based on new experience or technology, or both. When necessary, amendments will be issued by CSA.
| CSA Group | |
|---|---|
| Product Category | Standards and Technical Documents |
| Product Number | Z341 SERIES-18 |
| Product Name | Storage of hydrocarbons in underground formations |
